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Table of English levels ‹ Ingleks

According to the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR), which was developed at the end of the 20th century, foreign language proficiency is usually divided into 6 levels. In 2001, the Council of Europe decided to use the CEFR to assess language proficiency in any language taught as a foreign language. According to the CEFR system, students' knowledge of a foreign language is divided into 3 groups, each of which, in turn, is divided into 2 groups. This is what CEFR English proficiency levels look like:

In this table you will be able to get acquainted with all aspects of the English language, which are studied at various levels of education. Vertically there are columns with types of speech activity (Listening, Speaking, Reading, Writing), two extreme columns display what grammatical material and vocabulary is studied at each stage. The levels of training are shown horizontally, from Beginner to Proficiency. At the intersection of the row and column, you can find a description of what skills and abilities are formed and developed at each stage.

Slovaria

Monologue

Dialog

A1

Beginner

(initial)

Teach you to welcome to the English language, thanks for the services.

Talk about yourself in 2-3 sentences, answer questions within the framework of elementary vocabulary.

Greet the interlocutor, participate in a small dialogue, ask about the affairs, interests of the interlocutor, about his family and profession, say goodbye.

Learn how to read elementary sentences (no more than 7-9 words) from familiar vocabulary.

Learn to listen to short sentences with elementary vocabulary.

You can write your name, date of birth, brief information.

• To be
• Simple WH questions
• Present Simple
• Past Simple
• Future Simple
• Singular and plural nouns

Elementary vocabulary, mainly simple nouns, verbs, adjectives, pronouns

A1

Elementary

(above the initial)

Learn to use the phrases and expression for a story about yourself family, about your preferences in food, music, etc.

You can exchange 2–3 phrases about yourself, your family, your city.

Express opinions about what you like.

Ask questions about the interests of the interlocutor.

Can recognize and understand familiar words and simple phrases (advertising, postcards).

You will read short texts and dialogues with familiar vocabulary.

Learn to listen to the simplest and most frequently used words and phrases.

Understand teacher's words and short instructions.

You can write short greeting cards, letters.

Fill in a questionnaire about yourself (your name, nationality, address).

• Verb to be
• WH questions
• Present Simple
• Prepositions in, on, at
• Be going to
• Past Simple
• Irregular Verbs
• Countable & Uncountable Nouns

• ≈ 1000–1500 words
• About myself (about myself, my family, hobbies)
• About likes/dislikes, routines

A2

Pre-
Intermediate

(Intermediate Beginner)

Can you tell us about yourself, work and leisure in a few sentences.

Express an opinion based on the material studied.

Participate in a small, simple dialogue in a typical situation (meeting people, in a store, etc.).

Request information about direction, location, request a favor.

Learn to read short texts with a small amount of unfamiliar vocabulary that does not interfere with general understanding of the text (400–500 words).

You will recognize and understand by ear numbers and dialogues with familiar vocabulary.

Understand simple short texts with a minimum of new words.

Learn to write messages or short notes using familiar vocabulary and vocabulary (up to 10-15 sentences).

• Present Continuous
• Word Order
• Past Continuous
• Future Simple
• Present Perfect
• Verb + Ing or to-infinitive
• Modal Verbs (have to, must)
• Conditional Sentences (1, 2)

• ≈ 1500-2000 words
• Holiday
• Celebrities
• Clothes & Fashion
• Animals in our lives
• Sport & Activities
• People around the world
• Food & Festivities
• Health

B1

Intermediate

(Intermediate)

Be able to describe an event or experience, express your opinion with a total duration of about 2–3 minutes, supporting it with examples for about 2–3 minutes

You will be able to take part in spontaneous dialogue in all typical situations, including the exchange of short phrases expressing a personal attitude to a phenomenon or object.

You will read texts of any type without special topics (letters, essays, articles), understand the main idea of ​​the text, despite the presence of 10% unfamiliar vocabulary.

You will be able to understand the plot, the main characters, their actions in the stories.

In dialogues up to 2 minutes, understand the point of view of the speakers.

Understand specific vocabulary from context.

You can easily write a personal letter or a short coherent text with a plot (more than 20 sentences, without using a dictionary).

• Passive Voice
• Future Forms
• Present Perfect & Present Perfect Continuous
• Comparatives & Superlatives
• Modal Verbs (can, could)
• Gerund/Infinitive
• Conditional Clauses

• ≈ 2000–3000 words
• Food & Restaurants
• Sport
• Money
• Transport & Traveling
• Describing People
• Education
• Houses
• Friendship (people & emotions)
• Work
• Cinema
• Shopping

B2

Upper-Intermediate

(High Intermediate)

You will express your opinion clearly, describe your point of view in detail, develop and support with examples.

You will communicate with a fairly high level of spontaneity even with native speakers.

Understand fully the speech of native speakers and be able to respond in all typical situations.

You can read with almost complete understanding thematic articles and reports, literary texts in non-adapted English.

Comprehend relatively fluently long texts in Standard English, such as radio broadcasts, interviews.

Write detailed and easy to understand texts on a wide range of topics.

Write essays and articles on various topics.

Introduction to writing styles (formal and informal).

• Repeat:
• Question Formation
• Present Tenses
• Past Tenses
• Future Tenses
• Phrasal Verbs

• ≈ 3000-4000 words
• Illness & Treatment
• Clothes & Fashion
• Air travel
• Crime & Punishment
• Feelings & Emotions
• The body

C1

Advanced

(Advanced)

Express your opinion on a free topic spontaneously, using complex grammatical structures, synonyms.

You will communicate in any situation with native speakers, using reasoned answers.

You will read non-adapted articles and texts in English with a full understanding of the meaning.

Analyze the literature read.

Be able to comprehend long passages, including those in non-standard English (special accents, adverbs) with full understanding of what you heard.

You will be able to carry out business correspondence, write articles and essays on any given topic, using advanced grammar and stylistically colored vocabulary.

• The Past: narrative tenses, used to & would
• Stylistic Inversion
• Inversion in Conditionals
• Causative Form

• ≈ 4000-6000 words
• Work
• Emotions
• Environment
• Health & Sport
• Politics
• Traveling
• Education & ways of learning
• Technology & Progress
• Aspects of Culture

C2

Proficient

(Professional)

Express one's opinion freely, without training on any topic, even narrowly focused (medicine, law).

You will be able to participate in any dialogue or discussion without problems using idioms and stylistic figures of speech.

Effortlessly read any text, be it an excerpt from a work of art or a popular science article.

You will be able to understand spoken language without problems, even if you speak very quickly.

Be able to listen to any audio program in English.

Without preparation, freely express your thoughts in writing on a given topic, after analyzing the information in advance.

Write in any style (formal or informal).

Strengthening the development of complex grammatical structures.

Features of the use of phraseological units.

• People & Relations
• Cinema & Television
• Preventing & punishing crime
• City life
• Sport
• The mind & unconscious
• Work & future

If you want to learn more about each level of study, then we bring to your attention articles about the levels of English language training.

We also advise you to watch a video on the topic "How to determine your level of English?".

If you're having trouble determining your level using the table, please take our online English proficiency test. And if you already know your level of English and want to improve it, we invite you to learn English via Skype at our school. Experienced attentive teachers will help you reach the heights of knowledge.

How to read books in English correctly so that they are useful and enjoyable: a detailed guide / Sudo Null IT News

Reading is one of the top ways to improve your English and enjoy reading books in the original.

But the thing is that reading in one's native language and in the second one are different. In this article, we will give a detailed guide on how to read in English, so that it is fun and beneficial.

Step 1. Selecting a book

Here you need to consider a few basic nuances. The story itself is the foundation. And everything else you can do only if you feel like immersing yourself in the world that the writer is talking about.

1. You must like the style and the author

It seems to be simple and banal. You like fantasy - you choose fantasy. If you like to read detective stories or dystopias, feel free to take them.

The benefits of reading literature in English largely depend on pleasure. This is where psychophysiological mechanisms come into play. When you like something, the body's hormonal system releases dopamines and endorphins, which, in addition to feeling joy and good mood, also stimulate memory and cognitive abilities.

The more emotional involvement in the story, the better the language constructions and lexicon will be perceived. In the scientific publication Journal of Education in Black Sea Region in 2016 there were published the results of study , which proved the influence of the perception of literature read in a foreign language on the result of its study.

2. The complexity of the book's vocabulary should correspond to your language level

There are already a huge number of collections of literature in English on the Internet according to the level of language proficiency. We also made a few of these. Here is times , here is two times .

Simple mechanics:

1. First assess your current language level. In any appropriate way. For example, using from our test .

2. Choose a book by level and according to your preferences. It is clear that only fairy tales and stories for children are suitable for the Beginner level, but with Intermediate you can already pick up quite interesting books.

It only takes a few minutes to check if a book is right for you. Read one or two pages.

You should understand approximately 80-90% of all vocabulary. Let's explain why this is so.

If all the words are known, you will not be able to improve your vocabulary. And in the course of reading one book, a student can learn from 50 to 200 new words, which significantly develops the vocabulary even at high levels of language proficiency.

If there are more unknown words, you will not be able to fully understand the plot. An interesting story will turn into a textbook that is neither fun nor useful.

Even if you love Tolkien, you can't read The Lord of the Rings in the original at an Intermediate level. Highly artistic turns and abundant use of rare words create a chic atmosphere, but do not contribute at all to understanding. But students with Advanced will enjoy the book.

3. The volume of the book should correspond to your reading speed

Even if your English is at the Advanced level, this does not mean at all that you can read it quickly.

More important. Reading speed is not only the number of words that you can skim through your eyes in a minute. It is also the percentage of understood information.

You can run through 1000 words per minute and understand absolutely nothing. And you can do it like this:

To check the real reading speed, take the test on any portal that you like. Our author passed here .

You need to read at such a speed as to provide the required 80-90% understanding of the text. It is perception that is primary, and the number of words read at the same time is secondary.

But it is the speed of reading that should be taken into account when choosing a book. If you read more than 300 words per minute, you can easily master any book - even if it's 1000 pages long.

But if your maximum is 50-100 words per minute, then you need to choose short stories or novels.

If you are afraid to take on large-format literature, you can start with small works at easystoriesinenglish .

They are specially selected for students who are learning English as a second language. And even if you read slowly, all the stories can be mastered in half an hour or an hour. What you need to get started.

Step 2. The process of reading

So, the book was chosen, but that's only half the battle. It is important not only to read that , but also to read as .

It is important to understand that you are reading a book for pleasure. And only then is it a tool for pumping the language. Not vice versa. This is not about grammar and word order, this is about the complex perception of the language.

But in order for reading to bring both pleasure and benefit, you need a few simple steps:

1. Underline or mark unfamiliar words or those whose meaning you are not sure. If you read in an e-mail, mark them with a color. The main thing is that the reader allows you to edit the book file or make notes from above.

Tip . Before looking up unknown words in the dictionary, try to guess their meaning from the context. In most cases, this is not difficult to do. The only exceptions are highly specialized terms, slang and phrasal verbs - then you won’t be able to guess.

2. Send underlined words to a special program to study them. Without additional software, you can still replenish your vocabulary, but with a program on your smartphone it will be easier - you do not have to remember the meaning of the word every time and you can learn it in just six repetitions.

3. Pay conscious attention to phrases, metaphors, allegories - in general, to everything that makes up the style of the book. And then try to use them in your actual speech or texts. You may not know how to accurately translate a phrase into Russian, but you should clearly understand in which case it can be used in English.

It also happens that you have read a sentence and understood absolutely nothing. This is fine.

Try reading it again. If the meaning also escapes after the second and third reading, it is better not to concentrate on it and skip it. If such misunderstandings happen once or several times throughout the book, then everything is in order, but if every page, then you need to moderate your ardor and try a simpler work.

Important! Refuse online translators. I would like to throw a complex sentence into some Google Translate, but you should not do this. Such instruments often distort the meaning of complex phrases.

To test this statement, let's take translations of the first paragraph from Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings.

Original:

When Mr. Bilbo Baggins of Bag End announced that he would shortly be celebrating his eleventy-first birthday with a party of special magnificence, there was much talk and excitement in Hobbiton.

Google translate

When Mr. Bilbo Baggins of Bag End announced that he would soon be celebrating his eleventh birthday with a special lavish party, there was much talk and excitement in Hobbiton.

Per. Grigorieva and Grushetsky:

There was a stir in Hobbiton. Mr. Bilbo Sumniks, the owner of Bags, announced his intention to celebrate his one hundred and eleventh birthday and promised a very generous treat.

Per. Muraviev and Kistyakovsky

Then Bilbo Baggins, the owner of Bagg on the Steep, announced that he wanted to celebrate his upcoming 111th birthday with grandeur, and all Norgord hummed and got excited.

***

Official translations deviate slightly from style and flaunt localizations of hero names and place names. But they are a choice of taste. But Google translates as literally as possible, but here it has a serious mistake. Eleventy-first is "one hundred and eleventh", not "eleventh". And such jambs automatic translation allows a whole bunch.

Step 3. Fixing the effect

We figured out the process. There are a few more points left.

If you want to not only enjoy reading in the original, but also improve your English, then is the most important thing - the stability of .

It is better to read 15 minutes every day than 3 hours once a week. In order for reading in English to pump knowledge of the language, you need to read every day. It's not that hard to find 15-30 minutes a day: on the way to work, during your lunch break, after dinner instead of social networks and YouTube videos.

If you read for more than an hour, the brain starts to get tired out of habit. After all, it is difficult to perceive information in a foreign language in large quantities. Attention deteriorates, consciousness ceases to focus on words and phrases, the meaning of words is not immediately remembered. Instead of pleasure, it turns out violence against oneself. So stability is more important than intensity.

It often happens that a book seems good in Russian, but something is wrong in the original. This is normal, because translation is essentially localization in collaboration with a translator. Reverse situations also happen - the translation did not work, but the original cannon. Therefore, many people learn English in order to read texts in the author's language.

But there is one unique exception - Nabokov. The originals of many of his books are written in English, but at the same time he himself was engaged in their translations into Russian. The True Life of Sebastian Knight, Lolita, Pale Fire, Ada - feel free to read them if you want to feel the chic style and language of the writer. But it is not for beginners - you can comfortably read Nabokov at the Upper-Intermediate level.

Tip . If possible, choose your favorite books that you have already read in translation. Then you will pay more attention to the language and style of the story.

Reread books after a few months. Firstly, it will help to open up new facets of history and language - you can re-read the classics dozens of times and find something that you missed during previous readings. Secondly, this way you can repeat all the vocabulary you have learned at once (remember - from 50 to 200 words). This is much more interesting than just driving the entire list for repetition in the application.

Interestingly, on first reading, there are few jokes and cultural references hidden in the text. But on the second or subsequent ones, they suddenly become clear.

Here is the personal experience of the author of the article. I first read Harry Potter in the original when I was a student. And then it seemed almost the same as in Russian. Recently re-read - and there was a lot of linguistic humor, which for the first time was not perceived at all.

For example, the well-known gag in English circles “Can I have a look at Uranus too , Lavender ?” from the fourth book. Well, Uranus and Uranus. But then why did Lavender blush and run away after Ron said that? But because Uranus sounds exactly the same as Your anus. And there already is, because of which to blush. You have no idea how many of these hidden jokes writers hide in books. Oh-oh-oh-a lot.

So reading in English can be both fun and a normal level of language proficiency.

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