Spelling words for 6 years old

The Basic Spelling Vocabulary List

By: Steve Graham, Karen R. Harris, Connie Loynachan

This list was created to help teachers know which spelling words should be taught to kids in grades 1–5. The list contains 850 words that account for 80 percent of the words children use in their writing — the ones they need to be able to spell correctly.

This list was devised to help educators know which spelling words should be taught to children. The list contains 850 words that account for 80 percent of the words children use in their writing — the ones they need to be able to spell correctly.

Mastering this relatively small corpus of words yields a high rate of return. For example, the most common 1,000 words are used 13 times more frequently than the next most common 1,000 words. It also provides teachers flexibility in planning spelling instruction, providing an opportunity to give children the "basics" while supplementing with other spelling words germane to classroom activities.

Grade level for each word was determined based upon difficulty, pattern of occurrence in children's writing across grades, and grade placement on current vocabulary lists and spelling materials.

Words that children have difficulty spelling correctly are marked with an asterisk.

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Graham, S. , Harris, K.R. and Loynachan, C. (1993). The Basic Spelling Vocabulary List. Journal of Educational Research 86(6) 363-368.

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Spelling in Year 1 (age 5–6)

In Year 1, your child will learn about the alphabet and will learn to spell some basic words.

Read on to discover the National Curriculum expectations for spelling in Year 1, and to find out how you can support your child at home.

What your child will learn

Take a look at the National Curriculum expectations for spelling in Year 1 (age 5–6):

Spelling words using the 40+ phonemes they have already learnt

Phonics is a way of teaching children to read and spell. English is made up of around 44 different sounds. We call these sounds phonemes. Like most languages, English has a code for how we write these sounds down. Each phoneme can be represented by one or more letters. Find out more about how phonics works:

When they start primary school, children will learn to use phonics to spell words that contain these sounds. English writing sometimes represents the same sound in different ways, so they might not always get it right every time (for example, they might spell ‘name’ as ‘naim’ or ‘naym’).

For a full list of the sounds that children will learn to spell in Year 1, take a look at the National Curriculum spelling appendix.

Spelling common exception words

In some English words, the spelling of the word doesn’t appear to fit with the phonemes that children have been taught so far. These are often called ‘common exception words’ or ‘tricky words’. In Year 1, children will learn to spell the ones that are used most often in writing. They include:

the, a, do, to, today, of, said, says, are, were, was, is, his, has, I, you, your, they, be, he, me, she, we, no, go, so, by, my, here, there, where, love, come, some, one, once, ask, friend, school, put, push, pull, full, house, our

To practise spelling common exception words, download our Year 1 common exception words worksheet.

Spelling the days of the week

Your child will learn to recite and spell the days of the week: Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, and Sunday.

Naming the letters of the alphabet

Your child will learn to:

• • name the letters of the alphabet in the right order
  • use letter names to distinguish between alternative spellings of the same sound (for example, to understand that ‘ceiling’ and ‘sea’ use different letters to show the same ‘ss’ sound).

Adding some prefixes and suffixes to words

Suffixes are morphemes (groups of letters that mean something on their own) that are added at the end of a root or root word to change the meaning. Prefixes are morphemes added at the front of a word. Over the course of Year 1, children will learn about some of the most common prefixes and suffixes to change the tense of a word:

• • using the spelling rule for adding -s or -es as the plural marker for nouns and the third person singular marker for verbs
  • using the prefix un-
  • using -ing, -ed, -er, and -est where no change is needed in the spelling of root words. For example, helping, helped, helper.

How to help at home

There are lots of ways you can help your Year 1 child with spelling. Here are our top ideas.

1. Practise phonics

Phonics is the main way your child will learn to spell at the start of primary school. You can use phonics by encouraging your child to spell a word by breaking it up into individual sounds and then matching those sounds to the letters of the alphabet.

Reminding children to segment ‘frog’ into its four sounds – ‘f’ ‘r’ ‘o’ ‘g’ – sounds like such a basic way of supporting spelling, but practising it is very important if it is to become second nature. Take a look at our phonics page to find out more.

Video: What is phonics?

Watch this fun animation to find out about phonics and understand the key aspects of learning to read using phonics.

2. Help with spelling homework

Some schools send spelling words home to learn in Year 1, while others just use phonics sessions at school to teach spelling. If words do come home as a list to learn (perhaps for a spelling test), then helping your child to learn them can be really helpful. If they are struggling to remember them, you might:

3. Play spelling games

Playing games can help children to learn about spelling in an enjoyable way. Watch grammar expert Charlotte Raby’s video ‘How can I help my child with grammar, punctuation and spelling?’ to see some fun and easy games:

Video playlist: How can I help my child with SPaG?

Charlotte Raby offers her expert advice for helping your child develop their grammar, punctuation, and spelling skills at home.

Online games such as Word Worm can be motivating, and so can more traditional games like hangman. Making silly sentences can be great fun too. Challenge your child to write a silly sentence, including as many of the words on their spelling list as possible.

For example, your child may have to learn ‘room took hoop foot book’. They could make up a silly sentence such as ‘The boy took his book across the room but got his foot caught in a hoop’. Why not draw illustrations to go with the sentences?

4. Find the right resources

Learning to spell is a gradual process and mastering English’s complex spelling system can take time. All children are different: some pick up spelling quickly, while others take longer. Whatever their level, we have lots of free spelling activities to support them.

Year 1 common exception words

Learn the common exception words children are expected to spell by the end of Year 1.

How children remember the spelling of complex words

“As you hear it, so it is spelled” the Owl principle, and by the way it is not bad, because Winnie the Pooh was very upset by long and difficult words.

This is a very convenient principle, but, alas, it does not coincide with the laws of the Russian language.

What to do?

Remember. This is the only way to write competently "naughty" dictionary words to which none of the rules of the Russian language apply. You can help a child only by turning on interest.

5 games so that difficult vocabulary words do not upset kids!

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Learn the word by one consonant letter: krndsh, brz, Moscow, stkn, jrny, stlts.

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Collect the word from scattered syllables: fe, kon, ta - candy; ko, lo, yab - an apple; neither, earth, ka, la - strawberries.

Shopping

Olya and Anya went shopping. Olya took vegetables and fruits with an unverifiable unstressed vowel O (cucumber, apple, carrot), Anya - with A (cabbage, orange, zucchini).

"Joke Questions-Riddles"

1) In what words does cancer live? (breakfast, rocket)

2) Which words contain notes? (tomato, guys, beans, road, lilac)

3) Name the words in which the numbers are hidden. (Motherland, once, magpie, showcase)

4) All words are good, but where did the snakes hide? (dinner)

5) What words does the crow like? (potato, painting, pencil, pocket, carriage)

"Dictionary hide and seek"

Find vocabulary words in the text and write them down.

For example, an excerpt from the poem by S. Ya. Marshak "Night Page"

Before you is the night page.
The capital is shrouded in darkness.
Trams go to rest,
Trolleybuses are rushing home...

By the 3rd grade, children must write 200 vocabulary words without errors. By the end of schooling, their number is in the thousands. You will find all vocabulary words that a child should know by the 4th grade in the manual by O. V. Uzorova and E. A. Nefyodova “Absolute literacy in 15 minutes. 1-4 grades»

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Н and НН in different parts of speech - rules and spelling

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It's time to sort out one of the most unloved topics for schoolchildren in the Russian language - one and two N in parts of speech. We promise - we will do it so that this topic no longer causes you a range of bad feelings.

In this article we will look at all the rules and exceptions that relate to the spelling H and HH. We will analyze each of them with an example to clearly show how it works. Read to the end - there you will find a summary table on this topic.

HH and H in denominative adjectives

When HH is needed in denominative adjectives

Let's analyze the cases in which it is customary to put a double H in adjectives that are formed from nouns.

1. When the stem of the generating word ends in -н and the denominative adjective has the suffix -н- .

2. When the denominative adjective has the suffix -onn- or -enn- .

   Exception: windy (person).

Please note!

In adjectives that are formed from the word wind in the prefix-suffix way, write НН : windy, windless etc.

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The branches of medicine that study the problems of organ transplantation (in particular, kidney, liver, heart), as well as the prospects for creating artificial organs, are transplantologyembryologycloning and evolutionary modelinggenetic modelingdiagnostics

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When you need H in denominative adjectives

Now let's talk about situations in which you need to write one letter H in adjectives formed from nouns.

1. When the stem of the deriving noun ends in -н and the denominative adjective has the suffix -й .

2. If the adjective contains the suffixes -in-, -an- or -yan- .

   Exceptions: pewter, wood, glass . They are easy to learn from the “ancient window” reminder: it has glass, pewter handles and wooden frames.

Please note!

In short forms of denominative adjectives and in adverbs, you need to put as much Н as in their full forms.

Check yourself

Read the adjectives below and fill in the gaps H or HH . Explain why you chose one option or the other.

Sensational, ventilation, tiger, appeal, tar, snake.

Five in Russian in your pocket!

All the rules in the Russian language are at hand

Н and НН in verbal adjectives and participles

When verbal adjectives and participles need НН

1. If a verbal adjective or participle is formed from a perfective verb, it is written HH.

   Exceptions: wounded, planted, named (brother).

2. If the word contains any other prefix, except for non-, you should write HH.

3. If the word has the suffix -ova-, -eva-, -irova-, you need to write НН.

   Exceptions: hammered, chewed, pecked .

4. If a verbal adjective or participle has dependent words, they write HH in it.

When verbal adjectives and participles need H

Now let's discuss the cases when in the words of the same parts of speech you need to write one letter H .

1. One H is written in short participles.

2. In verbal adjectives, which are formed from imperfective verbs, without prefixes and dependent words, one N should be written.

   Exceptions: slow, desired, desperate, done, sacred, read, given, minted, cursed, cutesy, unexpected, unexpected, unheard of, unprecedented, unexpected, unexpected .

3. In compound adjectives, which are formed from two words, with the prefix pere, one N is also written in the second part.

Check yourself

Read the adjectives and participles below, fill in the gaps N or HH . Explain why you chose one option or the other.

Repainted, scattered, heard, desperate, newly painted table.

To make it easier for you to return to the spelling of double N, we have collected all the rules in one summary table below.

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