Counting 1 5 activities
30 Hands-On Counting Activities for Kids -
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Some kids (and adults too!) have negative feelings about math. It can seem abstract and difficult. But there are lots of fun ways to make it less intimidating. Starting with the very basics, using play and activities there are lots of hands-on counting activities for kids! We’ve done so many activities to teach counting! There are way too many to list them all but here are a few of our themed favorites.
30+ Hands-On Counting Activities
More Counting Activities
Below you’ll find some of the best ideas to include counting skills within other activities like games, crafts, stories and sensory play.
Hands-On Counting Activities and GamesMath Caps: A Math Facts Game from Mosswood Connections
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A full-year of kindergarten math activities: perfect for small groups, partner activities and independent centers.
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20+ Activities each
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click to get the kindergarten math bundleEasy Preschool Watermelon Counting Game from Homeschool Preschool
Spider Web Number Lacing Activity from Artsy Momma
Fine Motor Activity: Turkey Feather Counting from Artsy Momma
Nuts and Bolts More or Less Game from Preschool Powol Packets
Flower Counting Activity from Teaching 2 and 3 Year Olds
Counting Game for One-to-One Correspondence from Buggy and Buddy
Contact Paper Fall Tree Counting Game from Simple Fun for Kids
Felt Leaf Number Line Activity from Something 2 Offer
Foam Cup Construction with Numbers from Simple Fun for Kids
Simple Montessori Counting Activity from My Mundane and Miraculous Life
100 Items to Use to Count to 100 from Edventures with Kids
Learning to Count with Pipe Cleaners from School Time Snippets
Hands-on Preschool Counting with Rings on Fingers from School Time Snippets
Skip Counting Activities from What Do We Do All Day
Gross Motor Counting Activities
Teach Counting with a Stair Jumping Game from Homeschool Preschool
Teach Counting with Simon Says from Homeschool Preschool
Gross Motor Math Game: Counting Action Dice from Buggy and Buddy
Hands-On Crafts for Counting
Recycled K Cup Frog Craft and Counting Activity from Artsy Momma
Spider Counting Craft from Teaching 2 and 3 Year Olds
Pretend Play for Counting
Preschool Math Activity with Bear Counts from Teaching 2 and 3 Year Olds
Personalized Felt Counting Set with Ten Apples Up On Top from Buggy and Buddy
Pretend Play and Number Recognition from My Mundane and Miraculous Life
Counting 1 to 5 with 5 Little Ducks from Red Ted Art
Hands-On Sensory Activities for Counting
Exploring Numbers with Playdough from Simple Fun for Kids
Dinosaur Sensory Bin: Counting and Math from My Mundane and Miraculous Life
Our Favorite Counting Books:
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Once your child’s creativity is sparked with this fun activity, take it a step further with these engaging resources:
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Counting Animals on the Farm: Counting book for kids, Learn numbers from 1 to10, Counting Animals Counting Crocodiles Ten Black Dots Hand, Hand, Fingers, Thumb (Bright & Early Board Books) Curious George Learns to Count from 1 to 100 Big Book Chicka Chicka 1, 2, 3
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With a little creativity math doesn’t have to be intimidating at all. These hands-on counting activities are sure to be a hit!
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Scroll to topCounting 0-5 Lesson Plans for Preschoolers
Learning to count requires so many skills! These counting 0-5 lesson plans for preschoolers will help your preschoolers learn to identify, count, and order numbers.
With hands-on and engaging activities, plus a detailed scope and sequence for the whole unit, this is one math skill that will be a breeze to plan for.
Preschool Counting 0-5 Activities
This post will give you a detailed look at the counting 0-5 unit in the daily mathematics lessons for preschoolers.When teaching young children, you have to plan for a large range of abilities. Preschool children learn and grow at different times, so when I sit down to plan lessons, I am challenged to develop appropriate activities that meet needs of all of my learners.
That’s why I created a preschool math curriculum so that I can ensure that the lessons, activities, and centers are designed to develop the math skills of every. single. learner. I knew it needed to spiral and review key concepts multiple times throughout the year, gradually increasing in difficulty. This approach is ideal because it covers math topics throughout the entire year. This allows children more time for mastery and an opportunity to increase the rigor of each lesson.
One of the most critical units of the whole curriculum is counting. Children begin with exposure to numbers 0-5. This sets the stage for how numbers work and the understanding that numbers represent a quantity. Developing number sense is the foundation for our preschool students and you’ll see many examples of how we infused it into our lesson plans on counting for preschoolers.
These counting lesson plans for preschoolers are perfect for helping you plan engaging and developmentally appropriate lessons and activities for your preschool students without loads of prep and time.
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FAQ About Counting 0-5 with Preschoolers
How do children learn to count?
Children have an innate sense of number. They hear numbers and counting from birth when parents inevitably say, “Two more minutes!” All kidding aside, learning to count is the first stage in math development and it is easily fostered with everyday counting practice and hands-on practice.
How do you teach number sense to preschoolers?
Number sense refers to the understanding of how numbers work, not just simple counting. It will take some time for children to master these important skills. Number sense develops through multiple skills and requires lots of practice and repetition.
How do you teach counting in a fun way?
Preschool counting activities are embedded in daily life! Count the cars parked in the parking lot or the flowers growing in the weeds. Using hands-on manipulatives and fun counters can turn simple counting activities into counting games that your preschoolers beg to play. Singing math songs and reading books about math concepts also gives children extra math practice.
The first of three counting units, this unit focuses on developing number sense and one to one correspondence for numbers 0-5.Related Reading
Counting 0-5 Hands-On Supplies
This curriculum is designed to be low-prep and utilize the same supplies during each math unit.
Buy it once, and use them over and over again for different learning purposes! Take a look at some of the resources we use for each unit. These items are staples for any early childhood math curriculum.
All About Counting 0-5 Lesson Plans
These counting lessons for preschoolers are designed for up to a five-day-week program, but activities within a week can be removed and skipped for two or three-day-week programs. There are lots of counting 0-5 activities that encourage fine motor skill development and of course, learning to recognize numbers and practice one to one correspondence.
Discovery Activities/Math Photo Cards
The discovery activities are so much fun! Each week contains a real photograph or illustration for the children to interact with. The photo relates to the concept and encourages oral language and math vocabulary development. Plus, the vibrant photos expose children to different places, animals, and cultures. It’s easy to see that math really is everywhere in our daily lives!
The math photo card example below shows multiple hot air balloons floating in the sky.
This colorful photo offers a chance for young learners to count how many hot air balloons they see, as well as identify the two balloons that are the same pattern. Each photo card includes mathematical points, teaching tips, and engaging questions to encourage your children to think about each photo through a mathematical lens.
Daily Dip
The daily dip is a review activity to reinforce previously taught skills. You will notice valuable teaching tips throughout the review lessons. These tips offer insight to help execute specific strategies in
the lessons. This section is optional depending on time and student needs but is certainly a valuable component of each day.
The photo below shows examples of the first week of the counting 0-5 unit. You’ll notice that the activities include sorting and matching which were learned in the previous unit to ensure exposure and practice to math skills all year long.
Teach and Engage
The teach and engage section is a brand new daily lesson for your students packed with new learning. This component of the curriculum includes lots of modeling and student interaction. Each lesson includes a bonus section that offers tips on how to make the lesson more challenging and provides extensions for children who are ready for more difficulty.
Counting 0-5 Centers for Preschoolers
Counting 0-5 centers and games are invaluable in preschool. We have included lots of counting games for preschool that allow children to independently practice with engaging manipulatives. Remember independent centers should always be supervised in preschool and kindergarten.
Spin and Build Five Frame Counting
This center is fun for preschoolers because they love to spin spinners. This five frame practice activity also encourages early subitizing skills which is when children start to recognize the pattern of dots represent a number (without having to count).
Simply spin the spinner and invite the child to add that many game markers to the five frame. The child is building one to one correspondence while engaging in a rainbow of math fun!
Counting Cards
This game has two levels of difficulty – perfect for differentiating for your students. Children can use the counting cards up to five to help build one to one correspondence. If you have students who are ready to move beyond counting to five, we have included number cards up to twenty. To use, invite children to match the teddy bear counters and count as they go. Trace the number with a dry erase marker using the formation line guides.
Sorting Center 2-2 – This center focuses on matching, building one to one correspondence, and number identification and recognition.Number Playdough Mats
This center is print and play and sure to be a class favorite! Using playdough, children will form and mold the number at the top and then count out that many playdough balls.
One way my class likes to play is to create the playdough balls and then smash each one as they count. It’s fun for them and encourages them to count slowly and carefully as they smash!
Collecting Bears Grid Games
This color sorting and counting math activity invites children to roll a die and find matching counting bears for each space. Then they add that number of teddy bear counters to their grid. This invites them to practice counting as the roll the die and expose them to the dot pattern on the dice for easy recall later. Play ends when they have filled their board!
Sorting Center 2-4 – This center focuses on color matching and one to one correspondence in a fun and hands-on way.Dot Counting Cards
In this hands on counting activity, preschoolers will count all the dots on the number, then count out that many game marker chips. Placing each one on top of a dot circle, invite the child to count again.
This center includes cards from 0-20. To keep things interesting, change the items used to count such as pom-poms, large sequins, counting bears, counting cubes, cereal, etc.
“Show Me” Five Frame Counting Cards
This five frame learning activity encourages number recognition and learning that numbers can be represented in different ways. Preschoolers will learn how to use tally marks and fingers to show a number. Using game markers or other counters, children can show the quantity in various ways.
Sorting Center 2-6 – This center focuses on learning different ways to represent a number.Number I Spy
This engaging and visually interesting math game invites children to match the squares with the correct number of items. Each card has five matches for children to find using game markers.
As a bonus, you can make this center self-checking by marking the back of each correct square. This card is available for numbers 0-20.
Dice Counting Cards
Using colorful dice and game markers, this counting game reinforces counting skills and number identification. Invite children to roll the dice and then count out the number by adding counters to the ten frame. Then have the students trace the number with a dry erase marker by following the formation lines.
Sorting Center 2-8 – This center invites children to count and write while reinforcing ten frame skills.Math to Literacy Connections
We have also included eight optional literacy activities that infuse math picture books. Children learn through colorful illustrations and storytelling. These eight picture books bring counting to life and build upon other math skills (sorting, colors, patterns) as well.
Grab these fantastic books about counting 0-5 here!
Bear Counts by Karma Wilson
Elmer’s First Counting Book by Brandt Lewis
Pete the Cat: 5 Little Ducks by James Dean
5 Wild Numbers by Bella Gomez
Five Green and Speckled Frogs by Constanza Basaluzzo
Fingers for Lunch by Brandt Lewis
Pete the Cat and His Four Groovy Buttons by James Dean
Piggies by Audrey and Don Wood
Get Your Counting 0-5 Lesson Plans for Preschoolers Here
The daily lessons in counting 0-5 are completed and ready to use! Filled with daily lesson plans, centers, activities, and even literacy connections, this counting unit is all you’ll need for your preschool lessons.
Looking for a Preschool Math Curriculum for the Whole Year?
We’ve got you covered! From sorting to graphing, counting to shapes, this preschool math curriculum is loaded with engaging activities, literacy connections, and daily photo cards to spark joy in math.
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Lauren Vaughan
I am an educator, book enthusiast, and a stay at home momma to two precious and long-awaited littles.
My degree is in Early Childhood Education and Curriculum and Instruction and I have spent the last 15 years working with young children. I feel very fortunate to have this time to watch my babies grow and I can’t wait to share my passion for learning and reading with you!
Art. 1281 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. Term of validity of the exclusive right to a work
1. The exclusive right to a work is valid throughout the life of the author and seventy years, counting from January 1 of the year following the year of the author's death.
The exclusive right to a work created in co-authorship is valid throughout the life of the author who outlived other co-authors, and seventy years, counting from January 1 of the year following the year of his death.
2. For a work published anonymously or under a pseudonym, the exclusive right expires after seventy years, counting from January 1 of the year following the year of its lawful publication. If during the specified period the author of a work published anonymously or under a pseudonym discloses his identity or his identity leaves no further doubt, the exclusive right will be valid for the period established by paragraph 1 of this article.
3. The exclusive right to a work made public after the death of the author shall be valid for seventy years after the publication of the work, counting from January 1 of the year following the year of its publication, provided that the work was made public within seventy years after the death of the author.
4. If the author of a work was repressed and posthumously rehabilitated, the period of validity of the exclusive right shall be deemed extended and seventy years shall be calculated from January 1 of the year following the year of rehabilitation of the author of the work.
5. If the author worked during the Great Patriotic War or participated in it, the period of validity of the exclusive right established by this article is extended by four years.
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< Article 1280. The right of the user of a computer program and database
Article 1282. The transfer of a work into the public domain >
1.
Article 1281 establishes the duration of the exclusive right to a work. As already noted, in part four of the Civil Code, the period of validity of the exclusive right is determined, and not copyright in general, as provided for in Art. 27 of the Copyright Act.
The duration of copyright has always been a matter of debate in the legal literature. That the exclusive right should be valid during the lifetime of the author was beyond doubt. The issue was the duration of the exclusive right after the death of the author. At the same time, it was taken into account that the recognition of the author's creative merits should also be considered in the sense of the material support of his heirs. Given this circumstance, the duration of the exclusive right is constantly increasing with the development of copyright law.
Ultimately, when determining the duration of the exclusive right, it was taken as a basis that this period should protect the interests of the author and the first two generations of his heirs.
Based on this, Art. 7 of the Berne Convention, the term of protection was established throughout the life of the author and 50 years after his death. However, subsequently, some European countries, and then the entire European Community, extended this period as well.
As stated in Council Directive of the European Community of 29.10.1993 on the unification of the duration of protection of copyright and certain related rights, "considering that the increase in the average life expectancy in the Community is such that the said duration is now insufficient to cover two generations", the Council established the term of protection "throughout the life of the author and then for seventy years after his death."
In 2004, the Copyright Act was amended to extend the term of protection in the same way.
Keeping the continuity of this position, in paragraph 1 of Art. 1281, the period of validity of the exclusive right is established throughout the life of the author and 70 years, counting from January 1 of the year following the year of the author's death.
Moreover, if there was co-authorship, then the 70-year period is counted from January 1 of the year following the year of death of the co-author who died last.
Art. 8 of the 1993 EU Council Directive cited
However, it should be borne in mind that a permanent increase cannot be infinite. The term provided for in paragraph 1 of Art. 1281, already creates a situation in which the exclusive right can be valid for more than 100 and even up to 150 years. Copyright as a sphere of intersection of interests of right holders, users and consumers should always proceed from the balance of interests of these persons. Therefore, it seems that a further increase in the duration of the exclusive right may upset this balance.
2. Paragraphs 2-5 of the commented article establish special terms for the validity of the exclusive right based on external factors that influenced the author's creative activity and his own actions to exercise personal non-property rights.
The author could publish his work anonymously or under a pseudonym or not publish it at all during his life, leaving this issue to the discretion of the heirs.
In such a situation, it is not always possible to apply the general time limit set out in paragraph 1.
Therefore, the exclusive right to a work published anonymously or under a pseudonym is valid for 70 years, counting from January 1 of the year following the year of its legal publication. However, in order to protect the interests of the author in paragraph 2 of Art. 1281 provides that the general duration of an exclusive right applies if the author reveals his identity or his identity is no longer in doubt. This raises the question of whether the heirs can reveal the identity of the author after his death. This issue has not been resolved in the Civil Code. Of course, the heirs should proceed from the express will of the author. If he did not express it in any way, then the heirs can reveal the identity of the author, in which case it will no longer leave doubts. In any case, the disclosure of the identity of the author must take place within the 70-year period established in paragraph 2 of the commented article.
3. A similar 70-year period is provided for cases where the publication of the work took place after the death of the author. At the same time, the issue of disclosure must be decided by the heirs in accordance with the will of the author, which is expressly provided for in paragraph 3 of Art. 1268 GK.
The work of the author during the Great Patriotic War or participation in it serves as a basis for extending the validity of the exclusive right for the duration of this war, i.e. for 4 years (clause 5).
4. Finally, due to the historical conditions of the development of our country, the exclusive right to a work created by an author who was repressed and posthumously rehabilitated also has a special validity period. In this case, the law can no longer protect the interests of the author himself, but can defend his heirs. Therefore, paragraph 4 specifically states that the term of the exclusive right in this case is considered extended and 70 years are calculated from January 1 of the year following the year of the author's rehabilitation.
5. Resolution of the Plenums of March 26, 2009 N 5/29 defines the procedure for applying a number of norms of the Civil Code regarding the procedure for determining the terms of protection of rights. According to the said Decree, by virtue of par. 1 st. 6 of the Introductory Law to the fourth part of the Civil Code, the terms of protection of rights provided for in Art. Art. 1281, 1318, 1327 and 1331 of the Civil Code apply in cases where the 50-year term of copyright or related rights has not expired by January 1, 1993.
According to par. 1 p. 1 art. 1281 of the Code, the exclusive right to a work is valid, as a general rule, throughout the life of the author and 70 years, counting from January 1 of the year following the year of the author's death.
Therefore, if the 50-year term of copyright in a work expired after December 31, 1992 (but before the entry into force of the Federal Law of July 20, 2004 N 72-FZ "On Amending the Law of the Russian Federation" On Copyright and Related Rights ", which established a 70-year term of copyright) and the work has passed into the public domain, from 01/01/2008 the exclusive right to this work is renewed and its term is calculated according to the rules provided for in Article 1281 of the Civil Code.
--------------------------------
SZ RF. 2004. N 30. Art. 3090.
Actions of persons who used, prior to the entry into force of part four of the Code, works that were in the public domain before 01.01.2008, and who observed the provisions of Art. 28 of the Copyright Law, despite the renewal of the exclusive right to a work, cannot be considered a violation. At the same time, further use of the work can be carried out only in compliance with the provisions of Part Four of the Civil Code.
Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts against the Safety of Civil Aviation - Conventions and Agreements - Declarations, Conventions, Agreements and Other Legal Materials
Signed at Montreal on 23 September 1971
States Parties to this Convention ,
Considering that unlawful acts against the safety of civil aviation threaten the safety of persons and property, seriously disrupt air traffic and undermine the faith of the peoples of the world in the safety of civil aviation,
Considering that the existence of such acts is of serious concern,
Considering that in order to prevent such acts there is an urgent need to ensure that appropriate measures are taken to punish the perpetrators,
Agree as follows Article :
1.
Any person commits a crime if it is illegal and willful:
a ) commits an act of violence against a person on board an aircraft in flight if such an act is likely to endanger the safety of that aircraft; or
b ) destroys an aircraft in service or causes damage to that aircraft which renders it inoperable or may endanger its safety in flight; or
c ) places or causes to be placed on an aircraft in service, by whatever means, a device or substance that is likely to destroy such aircraft or cause damage to it that could endanger its safety in flight; or
d ) destroys or damages aeronautical facilities or interferes with their operation, if any such act is likely to endanger the safety of aircraft in flight; or
e ) communicates knowingly false information, thereby endangering the safety of the aircraft in flight.
2.
Any person also commits a crime if he:
a ) attempts to commit any of the offenses referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article; or
b ) is an accomplice of a person who commits or attempts to commit any such crime.
Article 2
For the purposes of this Convention:
a ) an aircraft is considered to be in flight at any time from the moment all its external doors are closed after loading until the moment any of such doors is opened for unloading; in the event of a forced landing, the flight is deemed to continue until the competent authorities assume responsibility for the aircraft and for persons and property on board;
b ) an aircraft is considered to be in service from the beginning of pre-flight preparation of the aircraft by ground personnel or crew for a particular flight until twenty-four hours after any landing; the period of operation shall in any event continue for the duration of the aircraft in flight as defined in paragraph a of of this Article.
Article 3
Each Contracting State undertakes to impose severe penalties in respect of the offenses referred to in Article 1.
Article 4
1. This Convention does not apply to aircraft engaged in military, customs or police services.
2. In the cases provided for in subparagraphs a, , b, , c , and e of paragraph 1 of Article 1, this Convention shall apply whether or not the aircraft is committing an international flight or domestic flight only if:
a ) the actual or intended place of take-off or landing of an aircraft is outside the territory of the state of registration of such an aircraft; or
b ) the offense is committed in the territory of a State other than the State of registry of the aircraft.
3. Notwithstanding paragraph 2 of this Article, in the cases provided for in subparagraphs " a ", " b ", " c ", and " e " of paragraph 1 of Article 1, this Convention shall also apply, if the offender or alleged offender is in the territory of a State other than the State of registry of that aircraft.
4. With regard to the States referred to in Article 9 and in the cases provided for in subparagraphs " a ", " b ", " c ", and " e " of paragraph 1 of Article 1, this Convention does not apply if the places referred to in subparagraph a of paragraph 2 of this Article are within the territory of one of the States referred to in Article 9, unless the offense is committed or the offender or alleged offender is located in the territory of any another State.
5. In the cases provided for in subparagraph " d " of paragraph 1 of Article 1, this Convention shall apply only if the aeronautical equipment is used for international air navigation.
6. The provisions of paragraphs 2, 3, 4, and 5 of this Article shall also apply in the cases provided for in paragraph 2 of Article 1.
Article 5
1. Each Contracting State shall take such measures as may be necessary to establish its jurisdiction over a crime in the following cases:
a ) when the offense is committed in the territory of that State;
b ) when the offense is committed on board or in relation to an aircraft registered in that State;
from ) when the aircraft on board of which the crime was committed lands on its territory and the alleged perpetrator is still on board;
d ) when the offense is committed on board or against an aircraft leased without crew to a lessee whose principal place of business or, if the lessee has no such place of business, whose permanent residence is in that State.
2. Each Contracting State shall also take such measures as may be necessary to establish its jurisdiction over the offenses referred to in subparagraphs a ", " b " and " c " of paragraph 1 of Article 1, and in paragraph 2 of Article 1, to the extent that this paragraph applies to such crimes, in the case where the alleged offender is on his territory, and it shall not extradite him in accordance with Article 8 to one of the States referred to in paragraph 1 of this Article.
3. This Convention does not exclude the exercise of any criminal jurisdiction in accordance with national law.
Article 6
1. When satisfied that the circumstances so warrant, any Contracting State in whose territory the offender or alleged offender is present shall take him into custody or take other measures to ensure his presence. Detention and other measures shall be in accordance with the laws of such State, but may be continued only for such time as is necessary to allow criminal or extradition proceedings to be taken.
2. Such State shall immediately make a preliminary inquiry into the facts.
3. Any person held in custody under paragraph 1 of this Article shall be assisted in establishing contact immediately with the nearest appropriate representative of the State of which he is a national.
4. When a State takes a person into custody under this Article, it shall immediately notify the States referred to in paragraph 1 of Article 5, the State of nationality of the person detained and, if it considers it appropriate, any other States concerned, of the fact that such person is in custody and about the circumstances that served as the basis for his detention. The State which conducts the preliminary investigation referred to in paragraph 2 of this Article shall promptly communicate the information it has received to the aforementioned States and indicate whether it intends to exercise jurisdiction.
Article 7
The Contracting State in whose territory the alleged offender appears, if it does not extradite him, is bound, without exception and whether or not the offense is committed in its territory, to submit the case to its competent authorities for the purposes of prosecution.
Those authorities shall decide in the same manner as in the case of any ordinary crime of a serious nature under the laws of that State.
Article 8
1. Offenses shall be deemed to be included as extraditable offenses in any extradition treaty concluded between the Contracting States. The Contracting States undertake to include such offenses as extraditable offenses in any extradition treaty concluded between them.
2. If a Contracting State which makes extradition conditional on the existence of a treaty receives a request for extradition from another Contracting State with which it does not have an extradition treaty, it may, at its discretion, treat this Convention in respect of such offenses as the legal basis for extradition. . Extradition shall be subject to other conditions provided for by the law of the requested State.
3. Contracting States which do not make extradition conditional on the existence of a treaty shall treat such offenses as extraditable offenses as between themselves, in accordance with the conditions provided for by the law of the requested State.
4. Each of the offenses shall be treated by the Contracting States for the purposes of extradition as if it had been committed not only in the place where it was committed, but also in the territory of the States which are obliged to establish their jurisdiction in accordance with subparagraphs "9 , c and d paragraph 1 of Article 5.
Article 9
or international registration, duly designate, in respect of each aircraft, the State of their number which exercises jurisdiction and acts as the State of Registry in matters of this Convention, and notifies the International Civil Aviation Organization, which shall circulate such notification to all States Parties to this Convention. .
Article 10
1. The Contracting States, in accordance with international law and national law, shall endeavor to take all practicable measures to prevent the offenses referred to in Article 1.
2. When, as a result of the commission of one of the offenses referred to in Article 1 the flight is delayed or interrupted, any Contracting State in whose territory the aircraft, passengers or crew are present shall assist the aircraft, passengers and crew in continuing their journey as soon as possible and return the aircraft and its cargo to their rightful owners without delay.
.
Article 11
1. The Contracting States shall afford each other the fullest possible legal assistance in connection with criminal proceedings taken in respect of such offences. In all cases, the law of the requested State shall apply.
2. The provisions of paragraph 1 of this Article shall not affect obligations under any other treaty, bilateral or multilateral, which governs or will govern, in whole or in part, mutual legal assistance in criminal matters.
Article 12
Any Contracting State which has reason to believe that one of the offenses referred to in Article 1 will be committed shall provide, in accordance with its national law, any relevant information in its possession to those States which it considers to be States referred to in paragraph 1 of Article 5.
Article 13
Each Contracting State shall, in accordance with its national law, communicate to the Council of the International Civil Aviation Organization as soon as possible any relevant information in its possession concerning:
a ) the circumstances of the crime;
b ) actions taken in accordance with paragraph 2 of Article 10;
c ) measures taken against the offender or alleged offender and in particular the results of any extradition or other legal action.
Article 14
1. Any dispute between two or more Contracting States concerning the interpretation or application of this Convention which cannot be settled by negotiation shall, at the request of one of them, be submitted to arbitration. If, within six months from the date of the request for arbitration, the Parties are unable to agree on the organization of the arbitration, at the request of either of these Parties, the dispute may be referred to the International Court of Justice in accordance with the Statute of the Court.
2. Each State may, at the time of signature or ratification of this Convention or accession thereto, declare that it does not consider itself bound by the preceding paragraph. The other Contracting States shall not be bound by the provisions of the preceding paragraph in their relations with any Contracting State which has made such a reservation.
3. Any Contracting State which has made a reservation in accordance with the preceding paragraph may at any time withdraw that reservation by notification to the depositary governments.
Article 15
1. This Convention shall be open for signature at Montreal on 23 September 1971 by the States participating in the International Conference on Air Law held at Montreal from 8 to 23 September 1971 (hereinafter referred to as the Montreal Conference). After October 10, 1971, the Convention will be open for signature by all states in Moscow, London and Washington. Any State which does not sign this Convention before it comes into force in accordance with paragraph 3 of this Article may accede to it at any time.
2. This Convention is subject to ratification by signatory States. Instruments of ratification and accession shall be deposited with the governments of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the United States of America, which are hereby designated as depositary governments.
3. This Convention shall enter into force thirty days after the date of the deposit of instruments of ratification by the ten States Signatories to this Convention which participated in the Montreal Conference.
4. For other States, this Convention shall enter into force on the date on which this Convention enters into force in accordance with paragraph 3 of this Article or thirty days after the date of the deposit of their instruments of ratification or accession, whichever occurs later.
5. Depositary Governments shall promptly notify all signatory and acceding States of the date of each signature, the date of deposit of each instrument of ratification or accession, the date of entry into force of this Convention, and of any other notifications.
6. Upon entry into force of this Convention, it shall be registered by the Depositary Governments in accordance with Article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations and in accordance with Article 83 of the Convention on International Civil Aviation (Chicago, 1944).
Article 16
1. Any Contracting State may withdraw from this Convention by written notification to the Depositary Governments.
2. Withdrawal from the Convention shall take effect six months after the date of receipt of such notification by the depositary governments.
