Gravity for kindergarten

18 Interesting & Fun Gravity Facts for Kids [2022 Updated]

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Did you know that without gravity, we would fall right off of Earth’s surface and float away?

Or that gravity is the reason a ball comes back down when you throw it into the air, instead of just traveling higher and higher?

What exactly is this mysterious force of nature? Keep reading to find out!

What is gravity?

Gravity is a force of attraction that pulls together all matter (anything you can physically touch). The more matter something has, the greater the force of its gravity.

That means really big objects like planets and stars have a stronger gravitational pull.

The gravitational pull of an object depends on how massive it is and how close it is to the other object.

For example, the Sun has much more gravity than Earth, but we stay on Earth’s surface instead of being pulled to the Sun because we are much closer to Earth. The gravity of the Sun keeps Earth in orbit around it, keeping us at a comfortable distance.

Who discovered gravity?

For a long time, scientists knew that there was some mysterious force that keeps us on the surface of the Earth.

It wasn’t until 1666 that Isaac Newton first mathematically described the force of gravity, creating Newton’s laws of universal gravitation.

It is said that his ideas about gravity were inspired by watching an apple fall from a tree. Newton wondered what force made the apple fall downward instead of simply floating away.

Another scientist you may have heard of, Albert Einstein, later added to Newton’s ideas about gravity with his theory of relativity.

Why is gravity important?

We already mentioned that we wouldn’t be able to stay put on Earth’s surface without gravity. Objects would simply float away if gravity didn’t exist.

Gravity is also the force that keeps the Earth in orbit around the Sun, as well as helping other planets remain in orbit. 2.

What is the Speed of Gravity on Earth?

At Earth’s surface the acceleration of gravity is about 9.81 m/s2 (32.2 ft/s2).

This means that the speed of an object falling freely will increase by about 9.81 metres (32.2 ft) per second every second.

Does the Moon have Gravity?

Gravity is experienced on the Moon. The acceleration due to gravity on the surface of the Moon is approximately 1.625 m/s2/. 

The Moon’s gravity is 1/6 of Earth’s gravity, so objects on the Moon will weigh only 1/6 of their weight on Earth.

So if you weigh 80 pounds (36 kilograms) here on Earth, you would weigh about 13 pounds (six kilograms) on the Moon!

High and low tides in the ocean are caused by the Moon’s gravity.

Facts about Gravity

There is zero gravity in outer space, so you would be weightless if you were floating out in space!

In physics, weight is described as a force and can also be measured in Newtons. Guess who this unit of measurement is named after? That’s right—Isaac Newton, the scientist who discovered gravity.

Objects weigh a little bit more at sea level than they do on the top of a mountain.

This is because the more distance you put between yourself and Earth’s mass, the less gravitational force Earth exerts on you.

So the higher you go, the less gravity pulls on you, and the less you weigh. However, the difference is very small and barely noticeable.

If you wanted to escape Earth’s gravitational pull, you would have to travel seven miles (about 11 kilometers) per second.

This number is called Earth’s “escape velocity.” To travel that fast, you would have to be a superhero!

Even if two objects are different weights, the force of gravity will make them travel at the same speed.

For example, if you dropped balls that were the same size but different weights out of the same second-story window, they would both hit the ground at the same time.

Gravity even helps guide the growth of plants!

Now you know gravity is a major force in the universe. It keeps us from floating away, controls the ocean’s tides, guides plant growth, keeps Earth and other planets in orbit, and more!

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• How to make a bouncy ball with things around your house

Gravity For Kids Fun, Clear Explanation With Pictures & Video

Gravity is the force that keeps us from floating off into space. It literally keeps our feet on the ground! We feel the effects of gravity every second of our lives (unless we’re astronauts), but most of us don’t give it a second thought. This article sets out to explain gravity for kids – and anyone else who has ever wondered why they fall down, rather than up.

(See more Science Articles.)

Before we get started, here’s a question:

If I had a 1kg weight in one hand, and a 100g weight in the other hand, and dropped them at exactly the same time, which would fall the fastest and therefore land first?

You’ll find the answer lower down the page!

Gravity For Kids: Introduction

Let’s start at the beginning.

If you drop a stone, it falls to the floor. Why is this?

Everyone knows that the answer is ‘Gravity’!

But what is gravity? It’s more than just a word!

The real answer is that a force – a force we call gravity – is acting on the stone, and pulling it towards the Earth.

Gravity is, quite simply, a force of attraction between objects. The stone is ‘attracted’ to – pulled towards – the Earth.

Thanks to Isaac Newton, we know that:

The more mass an object has, the bigger the force of attraction.

And …

The closer something is, the bigger the force of attraction.

The Earth, having a very large mass, and being very close, exerts a strong pull on anything in its vicinity, including:

a stone when you drop it,

your body when you fall over,

and something large and round flying above your head …

… The moon!

But why doesn’t the moon come crashing into the Earth? And why didn’t Neil Armstrong come falling towards the Earth when he took his ‘small step for a man’?

We’ll get to that. But first we’re going to take a look at how we came to understand gravity.

The Discovery of Gravity

Back to the question from the top of the page:

If I had a 1kg weight in one hand, and a 100g weight in the other hand, and dropped them at exactly the same time, which would fall the fastest … and therefore land first?

The answer (which I hope you got right) is that they would both fall at the same speed (or, more specifically, with the same acceleration), and both would hit the ground at the same time.

Don’t worry if you got it wrong. Even Aristotle (who lived from 384 to 322 BC) believed that heavier objects fall faster than lighter objects, so you’re in good company!

In fact, most people believed this until around 1638, when Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei proved that objects fall at the same speed – whatever their weight (or, strictly speaking, their mass. See this article to find out the difference).

Note: An astronomer is someone who studies ‘celestial bodies’, such as moons, stars, planets, comets and galaxies.

Another note: We refer to Galileo Galilei by his first name, for the very good reason that that was how he referred to himself, as was the custom in Italy at the time.

The story goes that Galileo proved his theory by dropping different-sized balls from the leaning tower of Pisa.

He found that the speed at which an object falls is determined not by how heavy it is, but by how long it has been falling.

Galileo’s Experiment Repeated … On The Moon!

In 1971 astronaut Dave Scott performed a similar experiment to Galileo’s. Not from the leaning tower of Pisa, but on the moon. Scott dropped a feather and a hammer, and – surprise, surprise –both reached the surface of the moon at the same time.

Galileo calculated the rate at which objects accelerate while falling to Earth. That rate is now known to be 9.81 m/s² – although this figure changes slightly depending on whereabouts on Earth it is measured.

The figure also ignores the effects of air resistance and any other factors which may create anything other than a perfect, frictionless fall.

Galileo increased our understanding of gravity, but even he couldn’t explain why it was that things fell to the ground in the first place.

Isaac Newton

It was up to Englishman Isaac Newton – arguably the greatest scientist who ever lived – to realise what gravity actually was.

Like all scientists, Newton used the work of other scientists as a basis for his own theories.

German astronomer Johannes Kepler had worked out the rotation of the planets round the sun (using observations made by Danish astronomer Tycho Brahe).

Using Kepler’s laws of planetary motion, Newton realised that gravity was a force of attraction, and the size of the force depended both on the mass of the objects involved, and the distance they were from each other.

Newton’s Law Of Universal Gravitation

Newton’s law of universal gravitation, published in 1687 states that ‘any two bodies in the universe attract each other with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them’.

The law can be written as an equation:

F = G ((m1xm2) / r²).

The force (F) between two objects of masses m1 and m2 is equal to the product of their masses divided by the square of the distance (r) between them.

G is the gravitational constant. It remains the same wherever it is applied in the Universe.

Using Newton’s laws, we can find out why two objects of different mass fall with the same acceleration.

Basically, if the mass of an object is doubled, the gravitational force is doubled, but the rate of acceleration remains the same.

If the mass of an object is halved, then the gravitational force is halved, but again the rate of acceleration remains the same.

Using Maths to Find Planets

Using Newton’s Law Of Universal Gravitation, scientists were able to calculate the presence of Neptune before it was ‘properly’ discovered.

In the 1820s it was found that Uranus (then the most distant discovered planet) was not where Newton’s laws suggested it should be.

Over the next decades, astronomers in England and France independently concluded that Uranus’s movement was being affected by another, unknown, planet, and calculated where this other planet would appear. This planet was Neptune, and it was found in 1846, proving that Newson’s law was correct.

It was Neptune’s gravitational pull that was affecting the orbit of Uranus.

Gravity, The Moon, And Tides

We’ve found that gravity is the force of attraction between two objects.

Every particle of matter is attracted to every other particle in the galaxy, but the force exerted between individual particles is very small, because their mass is very small.

But with large objects, such as the moon and the Earth, the force of attraction is very strong.

So strong, in fact, that it’s enough to keep the moon spinning around the Earth, rather than flying off into space.

(The mass of the Earth is around 6 million million million million kg.)

Because the moon is smaller, and less dense, than Earth, it has a significantly smaller mass. Therefore the force of gravity on the moon is much smaller. Around 17% of the Earth’s, in fact.

Neil Armstrong’s weight on the moon was only 17% of what it was on Earth. This enabled him to jump higher than he could on Earth, but was still enough to bring him back to the Moon’s surface.

Although the mass of the moon is much less than that of Earth’s, it still affects the Earth. The force it exerts as it orbits the Earth pulls the oceans towards it, causing tides.

Gravity For Kids Conclusion

We’ve covered a lot in this article. Thanks to Galileo you’ve found that all objects (a stone, you, a grand piano) fall at the same rate, no matter what their mass.

Again, thanks to Galileo, you’ve found that on Earth, objects accelerate at 9.81 m/s² (give or take) when dropped, and that this figure varies ever so slightly depending on where you are on the Earth.

Newton’s work showed us that gravity is a force of attraction between objects, and is dependent both on the masses of the objects involved, and on the distance they are from each other.

From this you know that the force of attraction increases for an object with more mass, and decreases for an object with less mass, meaning that their acceleration is a constant, G.

We’ve found that the moon is responsible for pulling the seas towards it, making the tides go out and come back in again.

Why not read more about the lives and work of the scientists in the article? Many of them made other incredible discoveries that were not just related to gravity.

See more science articles here.

Finished works and projects in the preschool educational institution (kindergarten). 10 ideas for research projects

Contents

1. Why projects are needed in kindergartens
2. Documents required for the implementation of the project
3. Projects for different age groups in preschool educational institutions
4. Types and types of projects for the Federal State Educational Standard
5. Research
6. Creative
8. Games
9. Projects in a preschool educational institution
10. First stage
11. Choosing the goal of project
12. The second stage
13. Development of the project
14. Third stage
15. Project
16. Fourth stage
17. Summing up
18. Classification of projects:
19. on the topic
20. according to the participants
21. for the terms of implementation
22. Samples samples projects under GEF
23. Project ideas
24. 1. Checking the quality of tap water by seed germination
25. 2. Does toothpaste affect the strength of teeth?
26. 3. The influence of a magnet on the development of indoor plants
27. 4. Felt boots from a cat for a cat
28. 5. How gravity affects the germination of plants
29. 6. How do ants live in an ant farm
30. 7. How do carrots grow in a garden 60 8. How to stock up healthy willowherb tea for the winter
31. 9. How to grow colored snails
32. 10 – bonus for winter holidays: What snow is like
33. Sample projects
34. Research work “Environmental problems of your hometown”
35. Road of Life history project
36. Research work “Amazing is near”
37. Research work “Invisibles”
38. Ice cream at home
39. Project “Miracles from soap”
medium
40. Water cycle in nature Project
41. Preschool educational group “Sorceress – water”
42. Short-term project in the middle group: “Little explorers”
43. Why do volcanoes erupt?
44. Project in preschool educational institution “Numbers in fairy tales”
45. What can kind words do?
46. Research work "What is immunity?"
47. Seminars in kindergarten

Why projects are needed in kindergartens

A child begins to explore the world from a very early age. The task of a preschool educational institution is to provide basic skills and knowledge that will be useful in the future. For example, in a preschool educational institution, children are taught about the alphabet, they are taught to read, and also to perform the simplest mathematical operations - addition and subtraction.

The implementation of projects in kindergartens is designed to help build an effective educational program and teach children various skills and abilities.

Documents required for the implementation of the project

Before implementing the project, the educator must do the following:

1. Set the goal of the project.
2. Develop a plan to achieve the goal.
3. Involve specialists in the implementation of the relevant sections of the project.
4. Draw up a project plan.
5. Gather the required material.
6. Include various activities in the lesson plan.
7. Prepare homework assignments for self-study.
8. Present the project in kindergarten with the help of an open session.

When implementing a project in a preschool educational institution, it goes through the following stages:

1. Goal setting. The teacher helps the child to choose a feasible and relevant task for him, taking into account his age, abilities and interests.
2. Development of the project - a plan of activities to achieve the goal.
3. Implementation of the project - practical part.
4. Summing up - defining tasks for new projects.

Projects for different age groups in kindergartens

Kindergartens are divided into the following groups:

• nursery - from 1.5 to 2 years;
• the youngest - from 2 to 4 years. Can be further divided into 1st and 2nd groups;
• medium - 4 to 5 years;
• senior - from 5 to 6 years;
• preparatory - from 6 to 7 years.

Each group has its own projects that take into account all the characteristics of the children in the groups. Depending on what topic or area of ​​life the teacher wants to cover, the project can be short-term, long-term or medium-term. Here are some examples for each of the age groups.

For example, in the middle group in a kindergarten, the following projects can be carried out: “Matches for children are not toys!”, “Healthy foods”, “Living water”, etc. So, the project “Matches for children are not toys!” designed to explain to preschoolers about the danger of fire, how to behave in case of fire and what measures can be taken to prevent fire.

With the help of the Living Water project, children's knowledge about water, its properties and states of aggregation can be clarified. Here, the rules of behavior on open water are considered, and an aesthetic attitude to nature is formed.

The "Healthy Foods" project should increase children's knowledge about foods, their beneficial properties, ways or places to obtain them, and also tell what dishes can be prepared from them.

In the senior group there are children from 5 to 6 years old. At this age, there is an intensive development of the intellectual, moral-volitional and emotional spheres of life. The projects implemented in the preschool educational institution in the senior group take into account these features and are aimed at their development. For example, the project "Our Kind Tales" is aimed at developing interest in books and reading with the help of Russian folk tales.

In the preparatory group at the kindergarten, the daily routine of the child does not differ from the one that was before, but the emphasis is on the moral and physical preparation of the child for school. At the same time, groups continue to conduct classes and implement projects aimed at developing various qualities and skills. One example of a preschool project in the preparatory group is the Kindness Saves the World project. It is aimed at developing positive qualities of character and is designed to motivate children to do good deeds that they can do.

There are also children's projects in which preschoolers learn on their own or together with their parents. For example, in a preparatory group in a kindergarten, the project “Magic Transformations of Milk” can be implemented. With it, children should learn about the different types of dairy products and how to prepare them.

Types and types of projects under the Federal State Educational Standard DO

There is a certain classification of projects in kindergartens. They differ in terms of implementation, composition of participants and topics. They use various methods and techniques aimed at the development of the child.

There are the following types of projects in preschool education according to GEF:

1. According to the dominant principle.
2. By the nature of the content and informativeness.
3. According to the child's role in the project.
4. According to the features of the contacts.
5. According to the number of people involved in the project.
6. By validity period.

The following types of projects are used in the practice of preschool educational institutions:

1. Research and creative.
2. Role playing with game elements.
3. Information-practice-oriented.
4. Creative.

Since the leading activity of a preschooler is a game, then, starting from a younger age, role-playing and creative projects are used.

The following types of projects are of great importance:

• research projects;
• customized;
• group;
• intergroup;
• complex;
• creative.

The main purpose of this method in a preschool educational institution is the development of a free creative personality of the child.

Research

Children conduct experiments, after which the results are presented in the form of newspapers, books, albums, exhibitions.

Creative

After the project is implemented, the result is formalized in the form of a children's holiday.

Fiction

These are projects with elements of creative games, when children enter into the image of fairy tale characters, solving problems and tasks in their own way.

Projects in a preschool educational institution

The implementation of any project in a preschool educational institution can be divided into certain stages:

First stage

At the first stage, the teacher formulates the problem and goals of the project, after which the product of the project is determined. Introduces children to a game or plot situation and then formulates tasks.

The tasks of children at this stage of the project implementation are: entering into the problem, getting used to the game situation, accepting tasks and goals, as well as supplementing the tasks of the project. The last point is very important, since one of the important tasks of the teacher is the formation of an active life position in children; children should be able to independently find and identify interesting things in the world around.

Selecting the goal of the project

The teacher helps children to choose the most interesting and feasible task for them at their level of development.

The second stage

At this stage, the teacher (in addition to organizing activities) helps children to plan their own activities competently in solving the tasks.

Children are united in working groups and there is a distribution of roles.

Development of the project

Drawing up an activity plan to achieve the goal: who will be contacted for help, sources of information are determined, materials and equipment for work are selected, what items to learn to work with to achieve the goal.

Third stage

The educator provides the children with practical assistance as needed, as well as directs and supervises the implementation of the project.

Children develop various knowledge, skills and abilities.

Implementation of the project

The practical part of the project is being carried out.

Fourth stage

The teacher prepares a presentation on the activities of a specific project and conducts it.

Children actively help in the preparation of the presentation, after which they present the product of their own activity to the audience (parents and teachers).

Debriefing

Debriefing, evaluation of results and definition of tasks for new projects.

Classification of projects:

Currently, projects in preschool educational institutions are classified according to the following criteria:

By subject

They differ in subject (creative, informational, game or research) and ways of implementing the results.

According to the composition of participants

They differ in the composition of groups of project participants - individual, group and frontal.

By implementation time

By duration, projects are both short-term (1-3 lessons), medium-term and long-term (example: familiarization with the work of a major writer can last the entire academic year).

Sample projects according to GEF

The following documents are required for the successful implementation of the project:

• explanatory note;
• project passport;
• cyclogram of its implementation;
• stages of work on it;
• totals;
• feedback from participants.

One of the most important documents is the project passport in the preschool educational institution. Using the example of the Children's News in Kindergarten project, let's consider what is included in it. The document indicates the authors of the project, its theme, type and type, purpose, tasks, who will participate, that is, for what age children it is intended, the timing of its implementation and expected results. With its help, teachers plan to introduce children to the work of a journalist and presenter and give them the opportunity to make a report or news release.

The Children's News in Kindergarten project has separate tasks for the child and the teacher.

Consider the project “Mini-museum in kindergarten. “Heritage of the Russian Land”, its purpose in the passport is formulated as follows: the creation of a mini-museum “Heritage of the Russian Land” to enrich the educational space of the kindergarten.

Project implementation includes the following stages: organizational, main and analytical. The first stage will last 3 months, the second - 11, and the third - 1 month. The documents describe in detail each of the stages, while children do not participate in the preparation for the implementation of the project. They will participate in the main and analytical stages. They will form the museum's exposition, make crafts on their own and together with their parents.

The main work falls on educators and other employees of the preschool educational institution in the implementation of the project. The organization of the educational program falls on the head of the preschool educational institution.

Project ideas

1.

Age: from 5–6 years.

Duration: 1-2 weeks.

We will need: unfiltered tap water and drinking water - such as bottled water that the family orders to drink, or water from an artesian well in the country house, seeds of seasonal vegetables - such as cucumbers, earth and flower pots or cups.

Experiment. We divide the seeds into two identical groups of 10–12 seeds. We bury each group in our own pot with earth to the same shallow depth. We pour the first group with cold tap water, just from the tap, the second group with drinking table water. Each pot is marked with stickers and placed in the same conditions - on the windowsill.

Every day we water the pots with the right water (without flooding, the earth should just be wet), observe and record the results. What happened on the first day, on the second, on the third, and so on - up to a week or two? How many seeds sprouted in each group, how long and thick these sprouts are, how tall they are day after day, in which pot the grass is greener, where the sprouts were first shed from the seed coat leaves. It is convenient to enter the results in a comparative table.

Most likely, not all of the sprouts in the "tap" pot will sprout, they will rise later, will be thinner and lower, the seed peels will be shed later. And then we will be able to raise our finger to the ceiling and talk about the dangers of chlorinated water, and also google the composition of tap water and ways to clean it together with the child. The most scientifically oriented families can supplement the experiment with another pot of seeds: we will water it with the same tap water, but filtered or settled.

2. Does toothpaste affect the strength of teeth?

Age: 5-6 years.

Duration: 10-14 days.

We will need: 4 chicken eggs, 2 glass jars, your favorite soda, freshly made lemonade, toothpicks, plaque-staining tablets (such as Curaprox), and ideally a microscope.

The experiment is carried out in two stages. First, we tell the child that the harmful bacteria that destroy teeth love acid and multiply well in it. Yes, and the acid itself spoils the teeth. We check. We start the experiment early in the morning. We take a chicken egg and explain that its shell also consists of calcium, like teeth. We open a bottle of Coca-Cola or another favorite soda, pour soda over an egg in a jar. For another egg, we prepare fresh lemonade from lemon juice and sugar - also pour it. After lunch, we check our eggs: the shell will become soft. After dinner, we gently touch the eggs again: most likely, the shell will dissolve completely, only a thin film will remain on top of the protein and yolk (even if this does not happen in the evening, then the next morning for sure).

Now let's test the strength of the toothpaste. In the new morning we take soda, fresh lemonade and a couple of eggs. This time, we generously apply toothpaste to the eggs (the most reliable one is with fluorine) and again place the eggs in familiar solutions. After lunch, gently tap each egg with a pencil: the shell will remain hard, although it will become thinner.

The second stage of the experiment. We tell the child that carious bacteria live in plaque. We remove a little plaque with a toothpick and, if you have a strong microscope, smear the plaque on a glass slide and observe. Large dark spots are bacteria.

Now we find out if the child brushes his teeth well. After the evening cleaning on duty, we give him a “magic pill” for staining plaque. You need to chew the tablet, hold the resulting liquid in your mouth for about a minute, rinse your mouth and smile with all your teeth. Most likely, in the mirror, the child will see a blue or green zombie smile. This means that there is still plaque on the teeth. I'll have to brush my teeth well again until the wonderful blueness disappears. It is believed that ten days are enough to automate high-quality toothbrushing, that is, you need a pack of 10 tablets. There is every chance that after this study, the child will be imbued with the topic of dental health and learn how to brush them properly!

3.

Duration: several weeks.

We will need: two freshly cut branches of one houseplant, a couple of glasses of water, a couple of pots of earth, a strong magnet.

Experiment. Scientists have discovered that the earth's magnetic field has a good effect on plant growth. We check. We cut off two branches of a houseplant, immerse them in glasses with water, place them in the same conditions (on a windowsill) at a distance of 20-30 cm from each other, put a magnet under one of the glasses.

The first check of the progress of the experiment is in 10-11 days (all this time we add water to the glasses). We look at how many roots appeared in the "magnetic" plant and how long they are, compared with the roots of the "untreated" plant. On the same day, we plant the branches in pots with earth, water them, put them in the same conditions at a distance of 20–30 cm. We again put a magnet under the “magnetic” plant.

Then, for several weeks, we observe which plant develops better, measure the height, the number of new shoots. In most cases, "magnetic" branches grow more actively and more magnificently (if nothing interferes with them, the roots are not damaged during planting, there is good earth in the pot). Here you can discuss with the child about the nature of the magnetic field and how it can be used in agriculture.

4. Cat boots for cats

Duration: from 3-4 weeks.

We will need: a woolly domestic cat or a cat, a tool for combing out fluff and wool, tools for wet felting and a little patience.

Experiment. We find out whether it is possible to use pet hair with benefit. To begin with, we comb it regularly and save wool. For one small felt boot 5 cm high, you will need about 15 grams of wool. In the process, we find out how little wool or fluff weighs, how much fluff is combed out of your personal cat in one go, we argue that by winter animals grow more fluff for warmth, but by summer they shed.

A positive side effect: we teach the child to brush his pet regularly, the house is more tidy.

Having accumulated the required amount of wool, we search the Internet for a master class on felting boots or go with our fluff to the studio for a felting lesson. We create felt boots for our beloved cat (which can become a family heirloom) and rejoice! Some craftsmen manage to make small copies of the pets themselves from the wool of their pets - but, of course, skill and experience in felting are needed here.

5. How gravity affects the germination of plants

Duration: 7–10 days.

We will need: cucumber seeds, clean water, gauze, cups of earth, stickers.

Experiment. This study is somewhat similar to an experiment with a magnet, only here we will study how the force of gravity affects plants. To do this, we will germinate the seeds of cucumbers and plant them in cups with earth: some with the root down, some with the root up, to the left and to the right.

First place the cucumber seeds in gauze or cotton and cover them with water. In a couple of days, roots will hatch from them - then we will begin the main phase of the experiment. Divide the germinated seeds into 4 equal groups (5-6 seeds each). Prepare 4 cups with earth, mark each of them with a sticker. In the first glass, plant the seeds with the root down, in the second - with the root up, in the third - with the root to the right and in the fourth - with the root to the left, all to the same depth. Put them in the same conditions on the windowsill and moisten the ground in cups.

After 2-3 days, the first shoots will appear. Watch them daily and record the results in a table with 4 columns - for each cup. Have sprouts appeared? How many seeds came up? Then observe the shoots: how thick are the stems, strong or thin, how tall, whether new seeds will germinate, whether the height of the sprouts is the same when the sprouts shed the skin of the seed. And draw conclusions!

In most cases, seeds planted root down will germinate best. This phenomenon is scientifically called geotropism: the roots grow better towards the center of the globe, and the stems - from the center.

6. How ants live in an ant farm

Duration: up to several months and years.

We need: an ant farm (purchased or made by yourself), food and water for ants, and if you are ready to complicate research, then take a large farm and two types of ants.

Experiment. Ant farm allows you to explore the entire cycle of creating an anthill. You and your child will figure out how worker ants differ from nurse ants, what rhythms are in the life of an anthill and what they eat. Admire the organization and hard work of ants and start doing good experiments on them.

For example, what happens if you put not only food, but also tiny pieces of various materials next to the anthill? Sometimes ants attack incomprehensible objects - for example, Styrofoam crumbs. Sometimes they take the finds to their pantries and place them there, sorting them by shape or size. And when the ants get bored, they shift the property in the warehouse and change the sorting principle - for example, they separate objects by color: black spools are in one closet, red ones are in the other. The way of thinking of ants is similar to ours: they do not abandon their own, they know how to overcome difficulties together, work hard and be fair. The population of an ant farm is easy to love, and children want to be like those they love. So the child can become more patient, more persistent and even kinder.

7. How carrots grow in the garden

Age: from 5–6 years.

Duration: several weeks.

We will need: a garden bed or a garden plot, carrot seeds, a watering can and a chopper for a child.

Experiment. If you have a garden or a house in the countryside, give your child a "piece of land" to explore. Help him loosen the ground, sow carrot seeds. Write down the dates: when the carrots were sown, when the seedlings appeared, how they develop every week. When it's time to thin out the seedlings, conduct an experiment: on one part of the garden, thin out the carrots, as expected, and on the other part, leave a tight fit. Weed one part of the bed from weeds, let the other overgrow as it wants. At the end of the season, compare the yield from the two halves of the experimental plot. Measure and weigh root crops - all these are important data for the project.

8. How to store healthy Ivan tea for the winter

Age: from 5–6 years old.

Duration: 2-4 days per batch of leaves.

We will need: fireweed leaves, clean cloth napkins, meat grinder (optional), oven, clean containers.

Experiment. Ivan-tea was stored and drunk by our ancestors, knowing about its healing power. Today we can buy Ivan-tea preparations in a store or pharmacy, or we can collect them ourselves! But the secret of Ivan tea lies in proper fermentation, there is no point in drying and brewing it just like that. We propose to conduct a comparative study: dry a little Ivan-tea just like that, and ferment most of it. Then brew both options and compare the drinks - by saturation, color, aroma, and maybe even by the effect on the body.

Ivan-chai blooms almost all summer, it is at the time of flowering that its leaves gain full strength. There are many good guides on the fermentation of fireweed leaves on the Internet, they will tell you about the beneficial properties of the plant, and also about what happens during the fermentation process. All this can be told to the child in the process of working on the stocks of willow-tea.

9. How to grow colored snails

Duration: months and years.

We will need: an aquarium, devices for water purification and saturation with oxygen, beautiful soil, ampoule snails, food for them.

Experiment. Aquarium ampoule snails are loved for their diversity of colors. They are black, blue, light blue, yellow, red, orange... Dad and mom of different colors will give children unpredictable shades. This is the moment to explore. Plant a yellow, red and blue snail in the aquarium and watch. Well, and, of course, the child will like to just feed the snails with different products, monitor the water temperature and notice when the snails feel better. Of course, an aquarium with live snails is a big responsibility, just like caring for any other pet. If your child loves unusual living creatures, he will like to mess around with Achatina land snails, and with "ghost" stick insects, and with geckos - he will learn a lot of new things and become more caring. If only you and your children have enough time and energy to take good care of your pets. And, of course, you can conduct a variety of studies with them.

10 - bonus for winter holidays: What kind of snow it is

Duration: 1-2 weeks.

We will need: magnifying glass, handkerchief, bandage, containers.

Experiment. Summer will fly by - the snowy Ural winter will return, and we will again need themes for projects! We suggest exploring: how snow is formed, why it creaks, whether it evaporates, what shape snowflakes are, whether snow can be considered clean (and eat it).

Catch snowflakes on a mitten and examine them, note the correct crystal form. Walk on the snow and listen to the crunch-creak in frosty weather and in the thaw - conclude that the snow creaks in frost, the creak is made by breaking crystals. Let the child blow on a cold metal object (there is water in the state of steam in the exhaled air) - the object will begin to be covered with frost, the layer of frost will become thicker and fluffier. Then run the mitten over the frost - it will fall down. In the same way, tiny droplets of water crystallize high in the sky, turn into regular snowflakes and fall to the ground. Watch how patterns form on the glass, how scratches on the surface and air currents help to create a frost pattern.

Hang a wet handkerchief in the freezing air. At first it will freeze, but after a few days it will dry completely. This means that snow and ice can also evaporate, and the water cycle in nature does not stop in winter. Bring a glass of snow into the heat, see how quickly the snow melts. Evaluate the transparency of the melt water - most likely, it will be cloudy. Fold the bandage several times, filter the snow - most likely, dirty marks will remain on the gauze filter. This suggests that the snow has time to absorb soot particles while it flies to the ground, and then re-contaminates on the ground.

Research projects give new knowledge, develop observation, discipline and will. Write down the initial data, intermediate and final results, take pictures of the process - and you can not only have fun, but also write a study paper to share your experience with other children and participate in the competition!

Sample projects

Research work "Environmental problems of the native city"

The problem of environmental pollution is one of the main threats to all people living on the planet. And our city is no exception. In this work, the student explores the environmental problems of his native city and ways to solve them.

Project in the direction of the history of "Road of Life"

Project work is dedicated to the anniversary of the lifting of the blockade of Leningrad. The purpose of the work: the study of one of the pages of the history of the Great Patriotic War - the blockade of Leningrad.

Research work “Amazing is near”

I already know that the caterpillar then turns into a chrysalis, but I have never seen how this happens? Will the caterpillar be able to pupate in my house. The purpose of the work: to witness the transformation of a caterpillar into a chrysalis.

Invisible research work

Masha is 6 years old, and she did not believe that bacteria remained on our hands until she checked it herself. Her goal was to find out whether there really is dirt (germs, bacteria) invisible to the eye on our hands?

Ice cream at home

This short-term project "Ice cream at home" for the senior group of kindergarten is devoted to the study of the history of ice cream. consideration of recipes for making ice cream at home and the practical activities of pupils.

Project “Miracles from soap”

Subject: preschool educational institution Author of the work: Leifman Elizaveta make your own soap at home.

The water cycle in nature

Subject: Preschool educational institution Author of the work: Stepanchenko Alexander

examples.

Project in the middle group of preschool educational institution “Sorceress - water”

Subject: preschool educational institution Author of the work: Ebuzova Anzhela Rasulovna

aimed at introducing pupils to water and its properties.

Short-term project in the middle group: “Little researchers”

Subject: preschool educational institution Author of the work: middle group

The research work in the middle group “Little Explorers” contains pedagogical developments for a short-term project in the middle group of kindergarten, aimed at introducing pupils to volcanoes.

Why do volcanoes erupt?

Subject: PEI Author of the work: Kalashnikov Makar

Proposed short-term project in the PEI in the middle group on the topic “Why do volcanoes erupt?” is aimed at studying by pupils the natural features of the volcano, its structure and the causes of the eruption.

Project in the preschool educational institution “Numbers in fairy tales”

Subject: preschool educational institution Author of the work: Bruzhas Arina Artemovna

the meaning of the use of different numbers in the context of a fairy tale.

What can kind words do?

Subject: DOW Author of the work: Stefanko Albina

This project in the DOE on the topic “What can kind words do?” developed by a kindergarten teacher in order to familiarize pupils of the senior group of a preschool educational institution with the theory of the influence of words on living organisms.

Research work "What is immunity?"

During my life I have not once heard the phrases: “Vadik won't go for a walk, he fell ill again, there is no immunity at all”; “You need to eat right, eat natural products. Otherwise, there will be no strength and immunity.” I was interested: What is immunity and why is it so often talked about?

Seminars in kindergarten

Sources

• https://academy-prof. ru/blog/proekty-v-detskom-sady-po-fgos
• http://vospitatel.com.ua/category/proekty.html
• https://www.u-mama.ru/read/obaby/development/9633-10-idey-dlya-issledovatelskih-proektov-v -nachalnoy-shkole.html
• https://www.o-detstve.ru/forchildren/research-project/
• https://obuchonok.ru/dou
• http://doshvozrast.ru/metodich/metodich01 .htm

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