Lakai where the wild things are

Fully Flared (Video 2007) - IMDb

• Video
• 20072007
• 1h 29m

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A skateboard film featuring the Lakai team filmed over the course of 4 years.A skateboard film featuring the Lakai team filmed over the course of 4 years.A skateboard film featuring the Lakai team filmed over the course of 4 years.

IMDb RATING

8.5/10

445

YOUR RATING

• • Ty Evans
  • Spike Jonze
  • Cory Weincheque
• Stars
  • Brandon Biebel
  • Danny Brady
  • MikeMo Capaldi

• • Ty Evans
  • Spike Jonze
  • Cory Weincheque
• Stars
  • Brandon Biebel
  • Danny Brady
  • MikeMo Capaldi

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Top cast

Brandon Biebel

Danny Brady

MikeMo Capaldi

Mike Carroll

Jesus Fernandez

Cairo Foster

J. B. Gillet

Rick Howard

Nick Jensen

Marc Johnson

Scott Johnston

Eric Koston

Jeff Lenoce

Guy Mariano

Alex Olson

Anthony Pappalardo

Lucas Puig

J.J. Rousseau

• • Ty Evans
  • Spike Jonze
  • Cory Weincheque
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• Release date
  • December 7, 2007 (United States)
• • United States
• • English
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  • Australia
• Production company
  • Girl Films
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• 1 hour 29 minutes

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The five creepiest things in the game - Game Advisor

Massive open world Red Dead Redemption 2 was praised for its realism, including the representation of the dangers that lurked in the real Wild West. In the game, players can face deadly bandits, dangerous weather conditions, and a variety of animals that can tear the protagonist Arthur Morgan to pieces. However, there are also bizarre and sometimes even supernatural horrors in the game's world, some of which are downright creepy. Here are five of the creepiest things0003 Red Dead Redemption 2 which players can find in the game. Please note that this article has potential spoilers for for those hoping to see these Easter eggs in their natural form.

5/5 1. Ghost Train

Tales of ghost ships dominate the folklore of the seven seas, just as tales of ghost trains are whispered around a campfire at night in the west. If Arthur visits the railroad tracks in northwestern Lemoyne late at night, around three o'clock, his horse will panic and a translucent ghost train will roar into the distance. There doesn't seem to be any reward for the ghost train (some fans have commented that it resembles the famous ghost train from Final Fantasy 6 ), but it's an interesting easter egg nonetheless.

4/5 2. Night Folk

The ghost train may be creepy, but at least it doesn't pose a threat to Arthur's well-being. The same cannot be said for the Night Folk, which are a wild group of possibly inbred individuals that terrorize the swamps north of Saint-Denis at night. While exploring the Lakai Swamps in Nwa Bay, players may stumble upon the Night Folk, and encountering these madmen is sure to be one they won't forget anytime soon.

3/5 3. Serial killer

Imagine that you are just walking along a path and then you come across a trail of dismembered bodies. Gathering your courage, you follow the gruesome trail and find a severed head with a note in its mouth. This is exactly what happens to Arthur Morgan in the game Red Dead Redemption 2 And this note serves as a clue to find another head, which serves as a clue to find another head. This twisted treasure hunt eventually leads Arthur straight to the serial killer, and it's one of the most memorable encounters in the game.

2/5 4. UFO Easter Egg

Not to be outdone by the extravagant UFO Easter Egg in Grand Theft Auto 5 , Red Dead Redemption 2 also has its own UFO Easter Egg. It's significantly less confusing than the UFO Easter Egg in its predecessor, Red Dead Redemption 2 First, players need to visit a cabin in Honey's Bethel, New Hanover, where they'll find skeletal remains and a note that says "KUHKOWABA, OWNER OF TIME AND GALAXIES. Once the note is found, they will need to follow the objective sign to the top of Mount Shann, which is located northwest of Strawberry in West Elizabeth. At the top of the mountain, they will find a mysterious stone circle. When everything is done, players will want to return to the hut at night, and they will see a strange extraterrestrial phenomenon culminating in a bright green glow. We do not claim that they were aliens, but ...

1/5 5. Saint Denis Vampire

Red Dead Redemption 2 there are UFOs, crazy swamp people and ghost trains, so why not vampires? Following the secret map of Saint-Denis, players will find themselves on the trail of a vampire who feeds on the unfortunate inhabitants of the city late at night. Finding the vampire requires following a series of clues and being in the right alley at the right time, but it's worth it. After killing the creature of the night, Arthur is able to loot its body to obtain a decorated dagger, nicknamed "the vampire's dagger" by fans.

In addition to the creepy things listed here, there are other strange places in Red Dead Redemption 2 . For example, players can find the mutant pictured above, as well as find what appears to be a deactivated robot sitting on top of a hill. There are probably even more spooky Easter eggs yet to be discovered by players. Red Dead Redemption 2 and possibly the upcoming Red Dead Online will have them as well, so it will be interesting to see what happens in the next few weeks. Red Dead Redemption 2 is out now for PS4 and Xbox One.

Uzbekistan: challenges, threats, problems and solutions - I

What are Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan arguing with Uzbekistan about? Where did it come from and what is the Republic of Uzbekistan? What are the prospects for the socio-economic development of Uzbekistan and what factors hinder this process?

Recently, in some media, and especially in Internet publications, questions about the past, present and future of the Uzbek people, the Republic of Uzbekistan itself and its economic problems are insufficiently substantiated, and sometimes biased and simply erroneously covered. Therefore, I decided to devote this article to the analysis of such issues on the basis of reliable materials and facts of a historical, political and economic nature.

1. Are Tajikistan's territorial claims against Uzbekistan justified? The history of the peoples of Uzbekistan, the Uzbeks themselves, as well as its statehood is very rich and goes back centuries, just like the history of other peoples, ethnic groups and states of the world.

However, some representatives of the Tajik people, who consider themselves experts in the field of history and ethnogenesis, do not agree with this statement. In their opinion, Tajikistan was the center of the birth of world civilization, since its people allegedly belong to the founders of this civilization, i.e. to the Aryan race. It was to that “higher” race to which the German fascists considered themselves. And in this mythical world of Tajik "historians" there is no place for the Uzbek people themselves, or for their territory and state. In their opinion, even the creation of the Uzbek SSR as part of the USSR was an erroneous historical event, since at that time they supposedly should have created the Tajik SSR, including Uzbekistan as an autonomous republic in it ...

The main ideologist of the "specialists" carrying, to put it mildly, such crazy ideas is Doctor of Historical Sciences, Academician Rakhim Masov [1-2]. Moreover, since the beginning of the 90s of the last century, the Tajik side, headed by Academician R. Masov, began not only to argue with the Uzbek side about the ethnogenesis and history of the two peoples, but also to make territorial claims to the holy places of the Uzbek people - Samarkand and Bukhara - and also to some adjacent lands of the Republic of Uzbekistan. All this could be attributed to the category of scientific disputes of historians who, to put it mildly, are incompetent people in matters of international law, but bring polemical questions of ethnogenesis, the history of their peoples and countries to the public through the media, including the Internet. However, at the end of last year, messages and publications appeared on the Internet, which say that such claims come not only from these “scientists”, but also from the lips of the President of the Republic of Tajikistan, Emomali Rahmon [3].

For this reason, during the preparation of this article, I had to once again carefully study the problems related to the history of our peoples and states, the legitimacy of territorial and other claims of the Tajik side to the Uzbek side. As a result of such a study of the issues under consideration, based on materials from reliable sources, I was able to discover facts that make it possible to establish an objective truth and answer the question posed. A summary of all this boils down to the following.

February 27, 1917 (old style) in the Russian Empire, a monarchical state, the February (bourgeois) revolution took place, after which on March 1 (14), 1917, the Russian Tsar - Emperor Nicholas II - abdicated. Following this, the Provisional Government and the Soviets of Workers', Soldiers' and Peasants' Deputies came to power simultaneously. On September 1 (14), 1917, the Provisional Government declared Russia a republic. But then on October 25 (November 7) of the same year, a coup d'état was carried out - the October (Socialist or proletarian) revolution, which allowed the Bolsheviks to seize power. As a result of all this, tsarist Russia or the Russian Empire was erased from the political map of the world. And on the ruins of this empire, at first, such republics as the RSFSR, the Ukrainian SSR, the Byelorussian SSR and the Transcaucasian SFSR were created, which then, on the basis of the “Treaty on the Formation of the USSR” dated December 22, 1922 years were united in a new state - the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). This Treaty, on the basis of the corresponding Declaration, was approved by the First All-Union Congress of Soviets on December 30, 1922.

As a result of administrative-territorial reforms or the national-state delimitation of Central Asia in the 20s of the last century, the Turkestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was withdrawn from the RSFSR, the capital of which was Tashkent. Then, in 1924, from its composition, as well as from the composition of the Bukhara People's Republic and the Khorezm People's Soviet Republic, the Turkmen and Uzbek SSR were separated as new union republics. Moreover, if the Turkmen SSR became part of the USSR on October 27, 1924 years old, then the Uzbek SSR - May 13, 1925. But unlike the Turkmen SSR, the Uzbek SSR until December 5, 1929 included Tajikistan as an ASSR, just as Karakalpakstan was also formed in 1932 as an autonomous republic, which is still in its composition. Even later (from December 5, 1936), such republics as the Kazakh and Kirghiz SSR were separated from the RSFSR and became part of the USSR. Moreover, what is interesting: if Kazakhstan in those years when it was part of the RSFSR was called the Kirghiz Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, then Kyrgyzstan was called the Kara-Kyrgyz Autonomous Okrug. (In addition to textbooks on the history of the USSR, you can also learn about all this from Wikipedia materials dedicated to all these Central Asian republics).

Thus, I managed to establish fairly well-known, but inexorable facts, allowing to draw the following very serious conclusions, which I had to partially write about earlier [4] and which was indirectly recognized by academician Rakhim Masov [1]. Their essence is as follows. The peoples of Central Asia, including the Uzbeks and Tajiks, have deep historical roots. This is justifiably emphasized in their scientific works and polemical articles by representatives of the scientific circles of these peoples. However, before the emergence of the USSR, such administrative-territorial units or union republics, which are now called independent states or republics - Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan - never existed on the political map of the world at all .

In turn, this conclusion proves the absolute groundlessness, groundlessness and irrelevance of the claims of the Tajik side to Samarkand, Bukhara and other adjacent territories of Uzbekistan, since never in history before 1991 there was such a state as the Republic of Tajikistan, which would include such world-famous and majestic cities as Samarkand and Bukhara, as well as other adjacent territories of Uzbekistan . And if this is so, does the Tajik side have the right to make any claims of a territorial nature against them, and even more so to demand their return or annexation to its territory?

Of course not!

Everything is exactly the opposite. If any party has the right to present territorial claims to the other party (as, for example, China against Taiwan, not to mention Hong Kong and Macau, which it has already received back), then only the Republic of Uzbekistan can be such a party . Since it has a real basis for making such claims - the irrefutable fact that Tajikistan since October 14, 1924, i.e. from the date of its formation as an autonomous republic, until December 5, 19For 29 years, when it was transformed into a union republic, it was part of Uzbekistan.

So, it should be emphasized once again that not Tajikistan to Uzbekistan, but vice versa, only Uzbekistan can make any territorial claims to Tajikistan, up to the complete annexation of the territory of this republic to its territory. But the Republic of Uzbekistan, which is building a state of law and civil society, being true to its international obligations, incl. According to the Charter and decisions of the UN, from the day of gaining its independence to the present day, it has never made such territorial claims to Tajikistan. And, it seems that she will never make such claims if the Tajik side behaves tactfully, culturally and competently in interethnic and interstate relations with it as a member of the international community, ceasing to bear any nonsense in the sphere of ethnic, territorial and other issues.

I once again emphasize this circumstance here because the Tajik side proceeded not only with territorial claims, but also with attempts to belittle the significance of the cultural and historical heritage of the most numerous people of Central Asia - the Uzbeks, which were briefly mentioned above. But there are other real challenges and threats associated with the civil war, international terrorism, drug trafficking, etc. , which I will discuss a little later.

2. How the economy of Uzbekistan developed during the Soviet Union and during the period of its independence. Here I will allow myself to very briefly comment on some aspects of the work of independent analysts A.Paramonov and A.Strokov "The collapse of the USSR and its consequences for Uzbekistan: the economy and the social sphere" [5], devoted to the study of the economy of the Republic of Uzbekistan during the years of its independence. I would also like to share with readers my own thoughts on this topic in the context of other issues, the consecration of which this article is devoted to.

Speaking about the work of A. Paramonov and A. Strokov, it can be noted that it was carried out quite conscientiously within the framework of the UNDP project “Regional Human Development Report”. Therefore, in my opinion, it deserves a positive assessment, and its study, together with other materials published in the Soviet era, the post-Soviet period and in recent years, give grounds to draw the following conclusions and conclusions.

The Uzbek SSR, by the standards of the Soviet era (or the command-administrative system), although it developed quite well, ranking third among the union republics in terms of economic indicators, but in general was, like the other republics of Central Asia, one of the most backward industrial and agrarian republics of the Soviet Union. This conclusion is confirmed by:

- data, according to which the gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in the Uzbek SSR was almost always lower than the all-Union one by about 2 times or 200%;

- by the fact that Uzbekistan at that time occupied one of the last places in the USSR in terms of the production of consumer goods per capita [6]. In 1990, according to this indicator, it was 4.77 times behind Latvia, 4.6 times Estonia, 3.66 times Lithuania, 3.48 times Belarus, 2.95 times Moldova, 2.67 times Armenia. , Russia - 2.55 times, Ukraine - 2.45 times, Georgia - 2.37 times.

As a result of this state of affairs, Uzbekistan in Soviet times was forced to import up to 70% of consumer goods in exchange for the products that it supplied to the all-Union treasury. And this problem, after the acquisition of independence by Uzbekistan, has become one of the main problems that require an urgent solution, otherwise threatening to develop into intractable political problems. A similar picture was in the USSR towards the end of its existence, when empty store shelves contributed to the emergence of discontent among the Soviet people, which ultimately led to the collapse of the empire.

At the same time, it should be noted that in [5], it is stated that “in 1990, about 70% of the population of the republic had a total income below the subsistence level, while in Russia and Ukraine this figure was 30%” , and points to other negative processes and phenomena. However, the authors say almost nothing specific about the serious mistakes and distortions that took place in planning the socio-economic development of Uzbekistan. Moreover, regarding the employment of the population, A.Paramonov and A.Strokov argue that allegedly in the Soviet era “there was no unemployment in the republic” [5, p. 6]. But one cannot agree with such a statement of these authors. And that's why.

At a time when only 2 to 5% of the total population lived in the rural areas of developed countries, about 60% of the population lived in the rural areas of Uzbekistan, which in 1990 amounted to 20.71 million people [6, p. 72]. But of these 60% of the rural population (12.3 million people), only 15.5% (1.9 million people) were employed. But these Soviet statistics, aimed at praising that socialist economic system and its economy, even when it was collapsing before everyone's eyes, hid a huge number of unemployed among the rural population of the Uzbek SSR. According to my approximate calculations, the number of unemployed in Uzbekistan is 1990, i.e. a year before the collapse of the USSR, it was approximately 4 million people, and this figure is only 22.4% less than the number of people employed in the entire national economy of the republic of that period, because the number of all employed in the Uzbek SSR was 5. 2 million. person [6, p.102]. But official sources showed that in the same year in the Uzbek SSR only 321,000 people applied to state bodies for employment [6, p.98]. And this figure is only about 8% of the total unemployed population!

In my opinion, the existence of such a huge army of unemployed in the Uzbek SSR was concealed in Soviet times for the simple reason that, in accordance with the then prevailing ideology, there should not have been any unemployment. Therefore, such a phenomenon as unemployment was interpreted as an evasion from socially useful activities and even a parasitic way of life, falling under criminal acts, namely, "parasitism".

Another serious problem for Uzbekistan, which gained its independence, was not only the difficult socio-economic situation within the republic, but also the very difficult political and socio-economic situation throughout Central Asia, and especially in neighboring republics. And first of all, in a republic like Tajikistan, which, although it had a different state (Tajik) language, was no different from Uzbekistan in terms of its economic structure, mentality, culture, life and religious traditions of the population. Moreover, the share of Uzbeks in Tajikistan was then about 23%. However, in Tajikistan then there was a CIVIL WAR. According to expert estimates, this war, which lasted until 1997 years old, claimed the lives of at least 150 thousand people, incl. the then President of this country, Rakhman Nabiev, and made refugees about 70 thousand people - citizens of this republic [7].

And this CIVIL WAR posed a threat not only to its own people and state, but also to the Uzbek people and the young Uzbek state. As a result of this war, the vital railway communication with the regions of the Ferghana Valley of the rest of Uzbekistan was almost interrupted. The war itself could spread to its territory and take the lives of a much larger number of our citizens, not to mention the possibility of the appearance of thousands and thousands of refugees. Due to the fact that the population in Uzbekistan was and still is almost 4 times larger than the population of Tajikistan, in the presence of interethnic tension, all this could lead to a military conflict between neighboring countries.

At that time, a similar threat emanated from the territory of Kyrgyzstan, since there, too, there was a possibility of an interethnic conflict between Kyrgyz and Uzbeks escalating into a civil war that took place in the Osh and Jalal-Abad regions of Kyrgyzstan in the early 1990s, in which at least 1200 people died person [8]. Such events could also develop into a serious military conflict between Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan.

In addition, the threat of a military conflict of that period also came from Afghanistan, where among the indigenous population of this country, ethnic Uzbeks made up and still make up at least 9-10% [9]. More precisely, such a threat came from Afghan field commanders of Uzbek nationality. So, for example, Zhuma Namangani, at one time was a citizen of Uzbekistan, Dzhumabay Khadzhaev and was in the ranks of the "limited contingent of troops" of the USSR in Afghanistan. Subsequently, he illegally fled to Afghanistan through Tajikistan and fought there on the side of the Taliban as a field commander, as well as, for example, Takhir Yuldashev, who later became the leader of the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU). But Takhir Yuldashev on December 1991 years old, before his escape to Afghanistan along the same route as Zhuma Namangani, i.e. through Tajikistan, organized large religious riots in Namangan [10]. Then religious extremists, led by him, who also declared himself an emir, seized the buildings of the regional committee of the Communist Party and the administration of the city of Namangan. And such a seizure was carried out according to a scenario that was similar to the scenario that preceded the civil war in Tajikistan. Then these extremists announced in Namangan the creation of some kind of Muslim government, the symbol of which was the “Islamic flag” they hoisted over the building of the city administration.

Given that some of these extremists later turned into terrorists and militants guarding members of the IMU and even Bin Laden, at that time they posed a real threat to the country's authorities. We should pay tribute to the courage of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Islam Karimov, because at that difficult and dangerous time for his life, he came to Namangan without any fear or fear to negotiate with these Islamic extremists and without any protection met in the seized administrative building of the Namangan regional committee of the Communist Party of Uzbekistan. only with the leaders, but also with the crowd of extremists, where the “emir” Takhir Yuldashev behaved very indecently and defiantly.

In addition, in 1991, there was an attempt to overthrow President Islam Karimov at the VII session of the Supreme Council of the Republic of Uzbekistan by a group of opposition-minded deputies, which was directly broadcast on the first channel of Uzbek TV. In 1992, there were major riots organized by a member of parliament (Oliy Majlis) Salai Madaminov, the leader of the Erk party. The pogroms perpetrated in Tashkent by him and other unhealthy opposition forces with the participation of immature students had as their main goal the violation of the unity of the multinational people of Uzbekistan.

Other challenges and dangers that threaten the normal development of Uzbekistan and the peaceful life of its population cannot be ignored. Such threats were and are international terrorism, whose representatives repeatedly bombed various buildings, up to the building of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan, and all other acts of intimidation in Tashkent and other regions of Uzbekistan, as well as religious extremism, which has both external and internal roots. . There is also drug trafficking, which is laid by the criminal world and is directly connected with Afghanistan, where, according to UNODC, more than 90% of opium entering the world market [11].

3. What other problems hinder the normal development of Uzbekistan? No less acute problem for the economic development of the republic is the very unfavorable position that Uzbekistan occupies on the geographical map of the world. Our republic is located in an enclave that has absolutely no direct access to the seas and oceans. Moreover, in Afghanistan, with which Uzbekistan has a common border and through which it could enter the Indian Ocean, as well as to many other countries, a war has been going on endlessly for more than 30 years, and there is no end in sight to this war.

Previously, the threats to the peaceful development, independence and territorial integrity of Uzbekistan were a civil war, which, as mentioned above, could spread to its territory from the territories of neighboring countries, as well as the possibility of military conflicts with these countries. In recent years, such a threat to Uzbekistan has become, as I believe, economic and political blackmail, which is organized not by some spontaneously emerging social forces, but by official bodies and high-ranking statesmen of Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan. Despite the fact that our republic, together with these countries, is a member of such international organizations as the CIS, the EurAsEC, the SCO and the CSTO, this blackmail is built either around the water problems of transboundary rivers and the construction of hydropower facilities, or around unfounded territorial claims against Uzbekistan, or for other reasons.

For example, Kyrgyzstan wants not only to generate electricity from the kinetic energy of river water that accumulates in the Toktogul reservoir, but also to sell this water to Uzbekistan after its use, although this river water has flowed through its territory for centuries and was used without any payment in mainly for irrigation of agricultural land. That is, Kyrgyzstan wants to sell river water to Uzbekistan, which, according to the laws of nature, originates in the Tien Shan mountains and is intended, in addition to irrigating the territories of Kyrgyzstan itself, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Kazakhstan, mainly to serve the purpose of filling the Aral Sea. The same sea, which, due to the mistakes of socialist planning, which in our time has led to the insufficiency of incoming river water to it, dries up, thereby violating the ecology of not only our region, but the whole world. For political purposes, Kyrgyzstan cuts off river water for Uzbekistan through the Naryn River, which, connecting with the Karadarya, turns into the Syrdarya River. It blocks when this river water is urgently needed (in spring and summer) for irrigation of farmland not only for our country, but also for other countries. And, on the contrary, it dumps this water in huge quantities into the river in late autumn and winter, when it, being not needed, only destroys the coastal fortifications and reservoirs of Uzbekistan. Kyrgyzstan acts approximately the same way in relation to Kazakhstan on the water basin of such rivers as the Talas and Chu.

Therefore, the question arises: maybe you should pay for the sun's rays, which carry thermal energy and fall on the territory of Kyrgyzstan, passing through the territory of Kazakhstan and China? Or maybe you have to pay for the air that we all breathe, because it is carried by the wind blowing towards Kyrgyzstan from Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan?

And our "serious concern" is the issue related to clouds and clouds. With those clouds and clouds that are also carried by the wind from the territories of Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan to the territory of Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. And which, falling on the tops of such mountains as the Tien Shan and the Pamir, serve as sources of those river waters, which subsequently "thanks" to the incompetence of the deputies of the parliament of Kyrgyzstan acquire a far-fetched, but "legitimate" status of a commodity, and turn into a subject of dispute over their purchase -sales between our countries.

But the main questions here are other, namely: what will Kyrgyzstan do if Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan finally declare that they will never pay for the river waters flowing through their territories for centuries? In this case, will Kyrgyzstan be able to find means and ways of transferring the flow of a river, for example, Naryn, to another territory, bypassing Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan, where they are ready to pay it for all this?

In connection with the crazy ideas of representatives of Kyrgyzstan about the need to sell irrigation river water flowing along the rivers Naryn, Syrdarya, Amudarya, Chu and Talas, I had another, but more rational idea. And, unlike the considered idea of ​​our Kyrgyz colleagues, it is more fair and justified.

I, as an economist who studies the theoretical problems of the cost and price of goods [12], believe that it is necessary to pay not for the fact that river waters enter the territory of Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan from the territory of Kyrgyzstan or Tajikistan, but for the fact that this river water flows through the territories of other countries. Since the accumulating country is forced subsequently, after its use for the purpose of obtaining electrical energy, to drain into the rivers flowing through the territory of Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan. Rivers that have their own well-defined length, measured in kilometers. In kilometers, requiring appropriate costs for their maintenance in good condition and about the various shortcomings of which everyone constantly talks. This should be paid for by Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, which are building reservoirs and hydropower facilities on the upper reaches of transboundary rivers.

If so, then let's dwell on this idea, considering that the requirements of the parties to pay their expenses for the maintenance of reservoirs, hydropower facilities and transboundary rivers are mutually compensated. And this solution to the problem, in my opinion, is the most correct and fair, taking into account the interests of not only the peoples of Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan, but also the population of such states as Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan, which is provided for by international law [13-15], as well as Resolution of the UN General Assembly No. 1803 (XVII) of December 14, 1962 years, which reads: "The right of peoples and nations to inalienable sovereignty over their natural wealth and resources must be exercised in the interests of their national development and the welfare of the population of the respective states" [16].

A similar problem exists in relations between Uzbekistan and Tajikistan in the construction of the Rogun hydroelectric power station. But this construction, according to experts and the government of Uzbekistan, carries a serious threat that can flood the lower reaches of transboundary rivers. Among such facilities, the Rogun HPP not only has the highest elevation in the world above sea level, but is also located in a seismically hazardous mountainous area, and the design and estimate documentation for the Rogun HPP was developed almost forty years ago and does not meet modern requirements. In addition, there are serious complaints about the quality of such facilities being built not only in Kyrgyzstan, but also in Tajikistan. Therefore, the Government of the Republic of Uzbekistan turned to the Government of Tajikistan with a request to conduct an additional examination of this facility for the validity of its design and construction. But as it is clear from the comments on the appeal of the Government of Uzbekistan, which are published on the Internet, the Tajik side, apparently, does not want and will not conduct the required examination and thereby relieve tension in interstate relations that arose due to the fears of the Uzbek leadership about the construction of the Rogun hydroelectric power station. These fears were even supported by the Russian side during Dmitry Medvedev's visit to Uzbekistan. Therefore, I believe that this issue can be resolved on completely different terms than those offered by Tajikistan. In doing so, I believe the following should be taken into account:0011

- the fact that this facility will serve primarily the Tajik people, who have been in need of electricity for a long time and suffer from its shortage;

- the experience of Kyrgyzstan, where the solution of a similar issue regarding the Kambarata HPP-1, even after the establishment of the corresponding joint venture with the Russian Federation, stalled for similar reasons;

- Tajikistan's initiative to establish an international consortium for the construction of the Rogun HPP;

- proposals of Russian business circles on design, construction and their share participation in the creation of an international consortium proposed by the Tajik side.

Then, in my opinion, it is necessary to create the economic entity that the Tajik side proposes - an international consortium or joint venture (JV) for the construction of the Rogun HPP under the auspices of, say, such international organizations as the CIS, SCO or EurAsEC. Moreover, by registering such an international consortium or joint venture not with the Ministry of Justice or other registering body of Tajikistan, but with one of the executive bodies of these international organizations or communities. But first, it is necessary to resolve the issues of conducting an international examination of the design and estimate documentation of the Rogun HPP at the expense of the Tajik side. The construction of the object itself should be carried out at the expense of the contributions of the founders of the joint venture, the attraction of loans and other investment resources, for example, Russian or Chinese, as well as other TNCs, international financial and investment institutions.

I believe that it will be fair if the share of Tajikistan corresponds to its real contribution to the authorized capital of such a consortium or the number of its shares actually acquired by it at the time of the official registration of the joint venture. This process should rule out the possibility of including in Tajikistan's share the book value of the Rogun HPP at the time of its mothballing during the Soviet era, as well as the results of its subsequent revaluation. In conditions when there are no funds to purchase shares of the Rogun HPP, and funds from the population, most of whom suffer from poverty and poverty, are attracted to purchase these shares, it is erroneous to insist that the share of Tajikistan in the authorized capital of the international consortium being created should be 51%. an approach that scares off large investors. In normally developing countries, where there is no poverty and poverty, the population does not invest all their money in stocks, but only their savings. So I guess it will be sufficient for Tajikistan to own a “golden share” of such an international consortium . During the period of operation of the considered JV in the form of an international consortium, such a “golden share” will give Tajikistan a decisive vote at the meeting of shareholders, which is necessary to maintain its influence on this consortium, whose activities affect the state and public interests of this country.

If Tajikistan agrees to such a proposal and fulfills the conditions put forward by the Government of the Republic of Uzbekistan on the need for an international examination of the estimate documentation and the feasibility of the construction of the Rogun HPP, and the results of this examination are positive and all issues of concern to the Uzbek side are reflected in the constituent documents of the joint venture, then it can be assumed that then Uzbekistan will not refuse to participate in such a joint venture, despite the existing tension and disagreements between our countries.

Apparently, it is possible to resolve the issues of examination of construction documentation, investment and construction of the Kambarata HPP-1 in Kyrgyzstan in a similar way, for which the Russian side is ready to contribute its capital in the amount of $ 2 billion, if the results of the examination are positive and there are no objections from the neighbors of Kyrgyzstan and, first of all, Uzbekistan.

In the next article, we will continue our conversation about the life and prospects of the Uzbek people and consider a number of other important issues.

Literature

On the issue of the formation of the Uzbek SSR (www.centrasia.ru/newsA.php?st=1265962380).