Pre k phonological awareness activities

Phonological and Phonemic Awareness: Activities for Your Pre-K Child

That's a complicated sounding term, but it's meaning is simple: the ability to hear, recognize, and play with the sounds in spoken language. Phonological awareness is really a group of skills that include a child's ability to:

Strong phonemic awareness is one of the strongest predictors of later reading success. Children who struggle with reading, including kids with dyslexia, often have trouble with phonemic awareness, but with the right kind of instruction they can be successful. Learn some of the warning signs for dyslexia in this article, Clues to Dyslexia in Early Childhood.

For pre-K children, the focus is on rhyming, alliteration, syllables, and beginning sounds. Parents can make a big difference in helping their children become readers by practicing these pre-reading oral skills at home. Try some of the simple rhyming and word sound games described here.

Why phonemic awareness is the key to learning how to read

This video is from Home Reading Helper, a resource for parents to elevate children’s reading at home provided by Read Charlotte. Find more video, parent activities, printables, and other resources at Home Reading Helper.

Try these speech sound activities at home

Rhyme time

“I am thinking of an animal that rhymes with big. What's the animal?” Answer: pig. What else rhymes with big? (dig, fig, wig)

Body part rhymes

Point to a part of your body and ask your child to think of a rhyming word. For example, what rhymes with hair? (bear). What rhymes with eye? (pie) What rhymes with head? (bed). Make it more challenging by asking for two or three rhyming words. Nonsense words count, too!

Read books that play with sounds

Try these books featuring rhyme, alliteration, and more:

• All About Arthur (An Absolutely Absurd Ape)
• Alphabears
• Animalia
• Buzz Said the Bee
• Catch a Little Fox
• Each Peach Pear Plum
• A Giraffe and a Half
• The Hungry Thing
• Jamberry
• See You Later Alligator
• Sheep in a Jeep
• Yours Till Banana Splits
• Zoophabets

Clap it out

Practice listening for syllables. Explain to your child that syllables are the big chunks in words as you say them: some words have one syllable (hat), some have two (apple), and some have three or more (banana).

You can actually feel syllables! Have your child put her hand under her chin and say the word slowly so she can feel when her mouth goes down. Be sure to explain that each time her chin goes down, she’s saying another syllable or part of the same word.

Think of everyday words your child knows (for example: apple, baby, toothbrush). Tell your child that you'll both clap the number of syllables in each word. Show her how to clap one time as you say each syllable: /ap/ (clap) /ple/ (clap). Try it with more words. Kids also love clapping their name!

Tongue ticklers

Alliteration or "tongue ticklers" — where the sound you're focusing on is repeated over and over again — can be a fun way to provide practice with a sound. Try these:

• For M: Miss Mouse makes marvelous meatballs!
• For S: Silly Sally sings songs about snakes and snails.
• For F: Freddy finds fireflies with a flashlight.

"I Spy" first sounds

Practice beginning sounds with this simple "I spy" game at home, on a walk, or at the grocery store. Choose words with distinctive, easy-to-hear beginning sounds. For example, if you're in the bathroom you can say, “I spy something red that starts with the "s" ssss sound (soap).” 

Which letter sounds do I teach first?

Reading expert Linda Farrell recommends that you begin with teaching the letter names, and then focus on the letter sounds that are closest to their letter names (such as /v/). And here's a great tip for teaching the trickier letter name–letter sound combinations — use arm motions. In this video, Linda demonstrates motions for /x/ and /y/. (From our video series Reading SOS: Expert Answers to Family Questions About Reading.)

Sound scavenger hunt

Choose a letter sound, then have your child find things around your house that start with the same sound. “Can you find something in our house that starts with the letter “p” pppppp sound? Picture, pencil, pear”

Rhyme boards

Try this activity from the Florida Center for Reading Research (FCRR). The FCRR "At Home" series was developed especially for families! Watch the video and then download the activity: Rhyme Boards. See all FCRR phonological awareness activities here.

Rhyming A-LOT-OH!

Try this activity from the Florida Center for Reading Research (FCRR). The FCRR "At Home" series was developed especially for families! Watch the video and then download the activity: Rhyming A-LOT-OH!. See all FCRR phonological awareness activities here.

More phonological and phonemic awareness resources

20 Fun Phonemic Awareness Activities for Preschoolers

June 17, 2022 //  by Sharayah Lynn Grattan

When we are young, we learn sounds and words in various ways. Usually, we hear a word and register it to the meaning of an action or object. Phonemic awareness is the understanding of how words/sounds can break down and build-up, and is very important when it comes to learning how to read.

Toddlers can benefit from different exercises and activities that break down words into segments, syllables, and sounds. From there they can learn each part's meaning and grow in their understanding of language. Here are 20 of our favorite games and activities to improve foundational literacy skills as well as critical pre-reading skills in toddlers.

One of the first phonemic awareness skills preschoolers can work to improve is their ability to recognize single sounds. Focusing attention on what you hear is the first phase of breaking down and registering each phoneme. Have your students close their eyes in class and say the sounds they hear.

Learn more: Teach Starter

Word segmentation is a great practice in learning how phonemes work and sound together. You can find these cute printable flashcards of different images or make your own. Next, grab some cotton balls and use them to count the letter combinations that make up each word.

Learn more: Fantastic Fun and Learning

Collect some familiar objects around the classroom and put up a barrier so your students cannot see them. This listening game is excellent practice for learners to block out and separate sounds between those that are ambient and those that are important. Try using objects they hear regularly so students don't get frustrated or discouraged.

Learn more: Teach Phonics

One hands-on learning tool that combines letter sounds and motor skills is segmenting and blending words using LEGOs. Start off with simple 2-3 letter words and have your students break apart the pieces and say the letter names, then put the blocks together to make each word.

Learn more: A Teachable Teacher

For this sound game, print out some picture cards, grab some yarn, and make a tic tac toe board on the floor. You can choose to focus on initial sounds or ending sounds depending on what your learners are struggling with.

Learn more: This Reading Mama

Get your preschoolers up and moving with this fun game that improves phonological awareness. Place 3 hula hoops on the floor and choose 3 words your students are familiar with. Each word is represented by a hula hoop. Once you've said the words, the students must jump into the hula hoop of the word that sounds different than the other 2.

Learn more: Teach Starter

Let's focus on identifying individual sounds in a word. Ask your students for simple word corrections where one sound is off. For example, "Who do you see if you are sick?" "Poctor?". Your students can then answer and say "no, doctor!".

Learn more: Tejedastots

Props, crafts, and games are useful strategies for building a strong foundation of language in your preschoolers. These learning bracelets made from pipe cleaners and beads are a fun and interactive way for students to visualize combinations of letters and practice putting them together.

Learn more: A Teachable Teacher

9. Word Sorting With Pictures

Every word has a certain number of sounds and letters. You can use these free printable candy jars and images to play an activity that relates phonemes to letters, then counts and categorizes them.

Learn more: Fantastic Fun and Learning

Kids love mystery! This fun learning experience not only improves students' letter recognition but also expands their vocabulary. Place small familiar items in a bag, and plastic letters for the items' initial sounds. Each item your toddler pulls from the bag they must put in the correct phoneme column.

Learn more: Pinay Homeschooler

Simple and effective, you can make these letter signs yourself with popsicle sticks and letter printouts. Start off by asking your kiddos to identify the initial sound/letter, then once they understand the game, you can make it more challenging by asking for the middle sound or ending sound.

Learn more: Easttn Family Fun

This is a children's book teaching phoneme awareness skills through the struggles of a hungry monster who speaks a language where he changes the first sound in his words. You can do a read-aloud of the book and practice with the examples used as well as some of your own.

Learn more: Amazon

Did you know there is an app you can download for free onto your smart device that helps kids learn phonemic awareness? The app uses rhyming words and images to test kids' understanding of sounds and letters.

Learn more: Apple

The pattern of the song is the same melody as "If you're happy and you know it, clap your hands", but the words are "If you think you know this word, shout it out!". Once you've gone through the verse, spell out some easy words and have your students say the words back.

Learn more: Simply Kinder

Ask your students to think of the initial sound in their name, then have them look for an object in the classroom that starts with the same sound. This will get your kids thinking and moving in a fun and interactive way!

Learn more: Tejedastots

Print out some bingo cards with images of familiar objects your students will recognize. When playing the game instead of saying the names of the objects, say words that rhyme with them. For example, instead of saying "car" say "far".

Learn more: Carls Corner

You can find this activity bundle with tons of rhyming and sound recognition games your preschooler will love!

Learn more: Pre-k Pages

You can get creative with how you want to arrange your scavenger hunt. Each egg has pictures of objects your students need to match with the initial phoneme on the dinosaur picture. Hide the eggs around the classroom or place them in a sensory bin.

Learn more: Fantastic Fun and Learning

Here's a super fun language game that uses motor skills, color and sound recognition, and memory skills. You'll need some cookie cutters in the shape of various familiar objects and letter stamps. Have your preschoolers take turns shaping the playdough and stamping it with the initial and ending letters.

Learn more: Modern Preschool

Hopefully, you have some toy animals and food items in your classroom you can use for this phonemic awareness activity. First, have your kids categorize the animals based on their initial phonemes. Then, ask them to do the same thing with food items for extra practice and to improve their phonemic awareness skills.

Learn more: The Playbased Mom

Related posts:

Category: Classroom Ideas

Phonological games for preschoolers | Skyteach

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Before learning to swim, children get used to the water, learn to breathe correctly, and train to lie on the water. In the same way, before learning to read, a preparatory stage is needed - the child must learn to distinguish sounds and control them. This is called phonological awareness.

The development of phonological awareness includes the following steps:

• separating words in a sentence by ear;
• selection of rhyming words;
• distinguishing syllables in words;
• onset recognition and roman. Onset is the initial phoneme in a word, and rima is the sounds following the onset. For example, in the word dog d is onset, and og is rima;
• identification of phonemes in words;
• fusion and separation of phonemes.

I will tell you how to develop phonological awareness through games. The games from the selection are suitable for preschoolers, younger students, as well as for all students who have difficulty learning to read. Tasks are easily adapted for group and individual lessons.

Candy Count

This game teaches you how to count the number of words in a sentence.

You will need a candy wrapper or a printed wrapper and counters such as fruit puree lids or large buttons. Say a sentence and put as many candies in the package as there are words in the sentence. Then the students listen to the sentences and lay out the sweets themselves.

Sample sentences:

• Children play.
• Read a book.
• Boys like cars.
• He likes dancing.
• Mary doesn't live here.

Hungry Spider

We train the ability to find rhyming words.

You will need a web drawn on a sheet of paper, cards with flowers and pictures of rhyming words: pink/sink, red/bread, black/sack, green/bean, brown/clown, blue/shoe.

Attach the web to a board or wall, and place the cards with the pictures of the objects around the room. Read the rhyme aloud, filling in the gap with the first words of the pair:

I'm A Hungry Spider (based on the tune “I'm a Little Teapot”)

I'm a hungry spider, in my web.

Looking for treats that rhyme with _____.

Can you find me a tasty treat?

Put it in my web. Let's eat!

Children must find an object with a rhyming name and fix it on the web, for example, with a magnet. For young children, make cobwebs on the floor with masking tape or masking tape.

Source: Rhyming Activity: I’m a Hungry Spider

Pick a rhyming pair

Task to find consonance in words - rhymes.

You will need cards with rhyming words or real objects with rhyming names. The words must be familiar or learned beforehand. Each child receives a card, walks around the classroom and says the word out loud until they find a rhyme. If the class is large, then the children match in pairs.

Possible word pairs: flag/bag, cake/snake, duck/truck, star/car, boat/goat, bug/rug, pear/bear, log/frog. The number of words depends on the level of knowledge of the child.

Calling animals

Task for distinguishing syllables.

You will need animal figurines, eg bull, donkey, camel, gorilla, elephant. We hide the animals behind our backs and invite the child to call them in turn, dividing the words into syllables. For example, ca-mel, e-le-phant. Clapping hands helps to clearly separate syllables.

In my lessons the animals usually miss their flight: This is the final call for passenger Donkey. Let's call him together. Don key! don key! Hurry up.

Magic pockets

We practice the ability to distinguish syllables in words and count them.

You will need three or four pockets and a stack of word cards. Say the word in syllables - students will count the syllables and put the card in the appropriate pocket.

Pop-it game

Learning to identify phonemes.

The teacher shows the picture and says the word and then breaks it down into phonemes, eg b-u-s . During the pronunciation of sounds, children push the appropriate number of buttons in the pop-it toy. If pop-it is not at hand, then the number of phonemes can be slammed.

Puppet conversation

Task to merge phonemes into words.

Put on a glove puppet and say that it speaks the puppet language - this will be a temporary name for English. Ask the children to translate what the toy says. For example:

Teacher (puppet voice): H-e-l-o. What does Mr Crocodile say? H-e-l-o?

Children: Hello!

I practice most of the tasks from the article at home with my three-year-old son. He does tasks on rhymes and tapping syllables himself, and he determines phonemes with my help.

I hope your students enjoy the games and help them take the first step towards learning to read.

You may also be interested in reading about games for the development of phonemic hearing in children

Earn with Skyeng

Julia Belonog

Certified teacher (CELTA A; TKT 2, YL; TESOL; CPE). Anglomama

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15 Learning Disorder Terms Parents Need to Know

If your child has a speech, reading, or learning or attention disorder, you may have come across these terms on social media, forums, or at professional appointments. .

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Terms such as phonological awareness, auditory processing disorder, auditory accuracy, phonological memory…

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Understanding these 15 terms will help you better organize the necessary assistance for your child:

1. Phonetics cha, yes) and the speech sounds they represent.

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Phonetics is the foundation of reading and writing skills. Thanks to phonetics, the child decodes written words in the process of reading.

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2. Phonemes

A phoneme is the sound of speech. When we speak Russian, we make 42 different speech sounds. But there are only 33 letters in the Russian alphabet. This is one of the reasons why Russian is difficult to learn.

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3. Phonemic perception

Phonemic perception is the ability to perceive individual speech sounds (phonemes) in words and work with them.

Learn how to develop phonemic awareness from an early age.

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4. Phonological awareness

Phonological awareness is the awareness that words are made up of smaller parts (such as syllables and sounds).

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The term includes a range of sound-related skills that a student needs to develop reading skills. As the child develops phonological awareness, he/she not only comes to understand that words are made up of small sound units (phonemes), but also learns that words can be broken down into larger sound "chunks" known as syllables. .

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5. Phonological accuracy

Phonological accuracy refers to the ability to correctly distinguish between individual phonemes (e. g., in similar-sounding words that begin with the same sound) or other aspects of phonology (e.g., rhyming, number of syllables).

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Phonological accuracy is key to listening and reading skills. This allows the student to make a clear distinction between similar-sounding words (e.g. "heron" and "saber" or "picture" and "basket"), including morphological differences that can drastically change the word's meaning and/or grammatical function (e.g. " known" and "unknown" or "inserted" and "exposed").

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The ability to quickly and accurately identify speech sounds is critical to learning the rules of phonetics and matching spoken language to text correctly.

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A child with well-developed phonological accuracy will more easily develop decoding skills, understand word and sentence structure, develop vocabulary, follow instructions, and participate more actively in class work.

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Well developed phonological accuracy helps in:

• Understanding and following verbal instructions

• Listening skills

• Development of reading skills

• Learning the rules of phonetics

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6.

Phonological fluency is the understanding that words are made up of different sounds and the ability to quickly and accurately identify and manipulate these sounds.

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Phonological fluency is critical to learning to read. This allows the student to memorize sequences of sounds and manipulate them quickly and accurately. This makes it easier to both write words and decode them. The more effectively the reader is able to decode, the more of his cognitive resources (mental abilities) he can focus on understanding the text.

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A student with good phonological fluency will also find it easier to learn new words while reading. When confronted with a new word, a student who can accurately pronounce the word is more likely to recognize and understand its meaning.

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Well-developed phonological fluency helps in:

• Learning the rules of phonetics

• Development of reading skills

• Development of writing skills

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7.

Phonological memory is the ability to retain speech sounds in memory. This is essential for spoken language and tasks such as comparing phonemes and making connections between phonemes and letters. It also helps with listening and reading understanding of sentences, as it allows you to remember the sequence of words in order.

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Phonological memory plays a key role in the development of oral and written language skills. This allows the student to:

• Memorize and manipulate sound sequences

• Associate spoken words with written ones

• Memorize new words by determining their meanings

• Remember the beginning of a sentence by listening to it to the end.

The ability to remember speech sounds is important for the correct understanding of sentences when changing the order of words in a sentence changes its meaning (for example, "The monkey bites the boy" and "The boy bites the monkey").

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Accurate memorization of word order also contributes to the construction of accurate ideas about the structure of sentences and the acquisition of knowledge about syntax.

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A student with a well-developed phonological memory develops phonemic perception and decoding skills more easily, knowledge of vocabulary and sentence structure is formed. Such a student follows instructions better and takes a more active part in class work with presentations, etc.

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8. Auditory Processing / Auditory Perception

Auditory processing refers to what the brain does with the audio information it "hears". This includes various skills such as identifying and locating sounds, listening to background noise, and processing what is heard when the sound is fuzzy.

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When a student manipulates the auditory information he has heard, but it doesn't sound right, this is called an auditory processing disorder (or auditory perception disorder).

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This can happen if the child has difficulty understanding speech in background noise or has difficulty identifying where the sound is coming from. Or it could be a problem in distinguishing speech sounds that sound similar.

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Find out 5 common hearing loss (HAI) myths!

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9. Sequencing of audio information

Sequencing of audio information refers to the ability to identify and remember the order in which a series of sounds were presented. This is very important for matching sound sequences to letter sequences in decoding and writing.

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Organizing audio information is critical to developing speaking and writing skills. The ability to identify and remember the order of sounds in words is important for recognizing subtle differences between words (such as "pot" and "top") and for developing phonemic perception and decoding skills.

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A student who has a well-developed ordering of sound information understands and absorbs information better, develops better oral and written speech skills and concentrates attention. Such a student becomes an expert reader and a successful student.

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See also: How do weak cognitive skills affect learning?

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10. Listening word comprehension

Listening word comprehension refers to the ability to accurately identify words heard based on auditory cues alone, without the aid of visual or contextual cues.

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Listening comprehension of words is critical to the development of spoken language and vocabulary, and therefore essential to the development of reading and writing. This skill allows the student to accurately and efficiently identify words in speech and helps him form a correct understanding of the information presented by ear.

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A student with well developed listening comprehension will find it easier to follow instructions and participate in class discussions; it is easier to answer questions, complete tasks and remember information; and it's much easier to become a proficient reader.

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He will also find it easier to carry on a conversation in a noisy environment or when there are distractions.

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11. Hearing accuracy

Hearing accuracy is the ability to accurately identify differences between sounds and correctly identify sound sequences.

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Accuracy in listening is the foundation of speech and reading skills. This skill allows the student to quickly and accurately identify and distinguish between rapidly changing sounds, which is very important for distinguishing between phonemes (the smallest units of speech that distinguish one word from another).

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A student with well-developed listening comprehension will find it much easier to follow instructions and participate in class work; it is easier to remember questions, tasks and information; and it's much easier to become a proficient reader. He will also be able to:

1. Read and write fast

2. Focus on verbally presented information

3. Maintain a conversation in a noisy environment or when there are distractions.

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