Pre reading meaning
The Power of Pre-Reading - HIP Books
PRE-READING: Getting Your Brain Ready to Read
PRE-READING refers to all the things a reader does before reading in order to engage with the text and increase capacity to understand it.
“If you build the big picture before you start, you begin reading the text with a conceptual framework already in place. Then, when you encounter a new detail or a new bit of evidence in your reading, your mind will know what to do with it.”
(Michael Austin, 2007. Reading the World: Ideas That Matter)
THE 3 Ps of PRE-READING: PREVIEW, PRIOR KNOWLEDGE and PURPOSE FOR READING
PREVIEW: We preview a text to get a sense of what it’s all about. Previewing can range from scanning a short article to exploring illustrations or chapter headings.
PRIOR KNOWLEDGE: It’s said that prior knowledge represents up to 60% of comprehension! Authors often assume the reader is coming to the reading with certain knowledge. Activating prior knowledge before reading opens up those schema in our brains into which new information can be added Read more about background knowledge here.
PURPOSE: Knowing the purpose for reading helps us take a stance as a reader. For example, we read in a different way if we know the text is supposed to make us laugh than if the text is full of challenging facts.
Research has shown that engaging in pre-reading strategies can affect both motivation and comprehension. Appropriate preparation for reading can enable students to read materials that might otherwise be beyond their capacity. We know that pre-reading strategies are particularly important for struggling readers. That’s why every HIP TEACHER’S GUIDE contains suggestions for before reading the novel and discussion points before reading each section, including a nonfiction article to build prior knowledge and anticipation.
For example, here’s an idea from the HIP FANTASY COLLECTION: Have students brainstorm all the elements readers might expect to find in a fantasy story, such as a system of magic, villains and heroes and a setting that is another world.
Then invite students to revisit the list as they read to see which are found in the book. Read more here.
PRE-READING ROUTINES
There are a number of things teachers can do to prepare students for reading a particular text, such as:
- ANTICIPATION GUIDES: Prepare a list of facts/details from the book and flip some of them around so they are false. Before reading, invite students to guess whether each item is true or false. After reading, have students revisit the list and their predictions.
- GROUP DISCUSSION OR BRAINSTORMING: Introduce the theme of the book or an essential question and have students discuss it before reading.
- PRE-TEACHING KEY VOCABULARY WORDS: Pre-teaching 3-5 important concept words from the story builds background knowledge and helps support comprehension. (However, trying to teach too many words pretty much ensures that students won’t remember any of them! Stick to a small essential vocabulary.
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It’s important, however, to give students strategies that they can use on their own to prepare for reading Here are a few:
- PIC FLICK/CHAPTER WALK: HIP novels are peppered with graphic novel-style illustrations to support comprehension. Every chapter in a HIP novel has a title, for the same reason. Flicking through the pictures or taking a trek through the chapter headings provides a preview of what will happen in the book. .
- READ A RANDOM PAGE: HIP founder and author Paul Kropp always read page 40 before reading. There’s nothing magical (or scientific) about page 40, but there is something to be said for previewing a few random pages to get a sense of the author’s style and readability.
- MAKE A NONFICTION CONNECTION: Think about what you already know (or think you know) about the topic. Read an informational piece or watch a video to build background knowledge about the theme of the novel.
- GENERATE SOME WONDERINGS: Looking at the front cover image and back cover (or flyleaf) blurb, as well as engaging in other previewing strategies can generate questions that provide a purpose for reading.
- UNDERSTAND THE GENRE: Even within the FICTION genre, there are a number of sub-genres that have quite different features, such as fantasies, mysteries, ghost stories, or historical fiction. Knowing the elements of the genre helps the individual take a stance as a reader and supports comprehension.
- LEARN MORE ABOUT THE AUTHOR/SOURCE: Asking questions about where the information comes from is particularly important in internet reading, where anybody can publish just about anything. But even with fiction, knowing about the author’s style and what other things they’ve written can help readers prepare to read. Knowing if the author is trying to persuade you to think a certain way can help you read more critically.
Read more about Purpose, Perspective and Point of View. - THINK ABOUT YOUR PURPOSE FOR READING: Why are you reading this text? Whether you’re reading for information or for pleasure will affect your “stance” as a reader. Readers will approach a text differently if they know it’s supposed to be funny or factual. Read more about Race Car Reading here.
HEY! WHAT ABOUT PREDICTION?
Predicting what a text will be about from the cover image or back cover blurb is a time-honored pre-reading strategy in school. Why isn’t it on the list? Read more here!
Pre-Reading Strategies To Boost Kids’ Reading Comprehension
What Are Pre-Reading Strategies?
Pre-reading strategies are learning approaches designed to help give your child structure, guidance, and background knowledge before they begin exploring a new text.
These strategies target your child’s reading comprehension skills by giving them the tools they need to become active, successful readers.
By activating the knowledge your child already has about certain subjects, learning how to utilize context clues, and talking with you about the book, they’ll be on their way to reading and writing scholarly essays in no time!
Basic Pre-Reading Strategies
As the name suggests, pre-reading strategies are used before you begin reading a book with your child. There are a few main strategies you can use to help your child prepare to dive into any story. Let’s take a look!
Previewing
By this, we don’t mean Googling the movie-adaptation trailer (although that might be a fun way to compare and contrast the text later on!).
Previewing means letting your child gather clues — from the book’s title and cover illustrations, inside illustrations, and maybe the table of contents for older children — to try to figure out what might happen or what they might learn in a book they are about to hear or read.
Purpose
If you have time, it’s always great to put aside a moment for mindfulness before reading with your child.
Talk with them about what reading goals they still want to achieve.
Do they still need help with longer words (pronunciation)? Do they want to work on their character voices (expression)? Getting their input will help you both come together to set a goal — or purpose — for your reading time.
Predictions
Using the resources available to your child, see if they can make predictions about what might happen in the story before they get a chance to read anything.
What information can they gather just using the title, cover, and illustrations? Then you both might continue predicting as the story unfolds.
8 Pre-Reading Activities To Try At Home
1) Speaking In Questions
This is a fun activity that helps your child become more insightful about the text they’re reading while letting them be silly, too! The goal here is for your child to investigate the things they want to know, might know, or aren’t sure about just by looking at the cover of the text.
We know you probably use the question-and-answer format quite a bit in your reading routine, so this offers your child a nice change of pace. Instead of you asking the questions, they get to ask, too!
These questions can be silly or straightforward. For example, if you’re reading Goldilocks and The Three Bears, you could start the question conversation by asking your child, “Why do you think her name is Goldilocks?”
Your child might ask back, “Why do these bears live in a house?” See how many questions you can come up with.
It’s OK if these questions are not answered right away. Most of them will probably be answered once you’ve finished reading the book! Any that go unaddressed can always be answered afterward.
2) K-W-L-H Chart
This pre-reading activity was invented and made famous by Donna Ogle back in the 1980s. The different letters in K-W-H-L charts represent different tasks for your child to complete with you.
The “K” column is reserved for things your child already knows about the subject of a book or its story.
The key here is activating and then reflecting on their prior knowledge. For example, if they’re reading Charlotte’s Web, what do they already know about pigs and spiders?
The “W” category is for what your child wants to know about the story. What are they curious about?
The “L” (what they learned from the story) and “H” columns (how they can find out more ) are reserved for discussing after you’ve finished reading.
The last row, how they can find out more, is more important in nonfiction than fiction — although after reading Charlotte’s Web, you could find out more about spiders by seeking out a nonfiction book.
While this exercise is traditionally completed by writing their answers down on a chart, we think it’s more fun to get physical with it!
For example, you could make a book review video to share with family members! First, challenge yourselves to come up with at least six Ks and 6 Ws, three from each of you.
Next, make a video that begins by naming the book you are reading, followed by announcing the things you know and the things you want to know.
When you are finished with the book, video what you learned and where you can go to learn more.
You can even create a special book-video library of your KWLH experiences!
3) Pre-Teach Vocabulary
If you know that the book you’ll be reading together will challenge your child’s current reading skills, consider teaching them a handful of the more challenging words ahead of your reading time.
We love a good old-fashioned game of (reverse) Charades for this pre-reading activity. To start, you might write out the word you want your child to learn on a large sheet of paper. Make sure to use bold, thick letters!
Then, try and act out the definition of the word for your child. Based on your impeccable acting skills, they can guess the definition of this new word!
4) Pre-Teach Themes
Many children’s books set out to teach children more than new words. They usually have moral lessons embedded in their pages as well.
For example, themes might include things like the power of friendship in Charlotte’s Web or courage in a book about Martin Luther King, Jr.
To get your child’s mind focused on the theme of the book, you could prompt them by discussing the same moral lesson. See what their initial opinion is about it. Do they have a strong sense of it already, or do they want to learn more?
Reading the book can either confirm or change their opinion. And then you have something to talk about when you’re finished reading!
5) Word Bingo
This game is another great option for getting your child’s mind prepped to learn vocabulary or to brush up on sight words they need a little extra help with.
If you’d like to try this pre-reading activity, create a Bingo sheet for each of you using words from the text before your reading time. Every time you or your child hears or sees a word that matches one on your sheet, place a sticker on it.
The first one to yell out, “Bingo!” wins.
6) Sentence Obstacle Course
This pre-reading activity is great for encouraging your child’s comprehension and sentence formulation.
The stronger grasp they have on learning how to construct words into sentences, the faster they’ll adjust to the flow and structure of stories.
For this exercise, we suggest writing down several words on individual sheets of paper. Make sure you include all the components of a typical sentence — nouns, adjectives, objects, and verbs. Only include one word per piece of paper.
Next, scatter the words on the ground. We suggest adopting the “the floor is lava” rule! Your child will need to hop to different words to combine them into a sentence.
For example, they could “write”: The (jump) cat (jump) is (jump) red. If you want them to work on their punctuation, you could include that, too!
7) Anticipation Vs. Reality
This method will help take some of those preliminary questions you and your child came up with and figure out what happens in the end!
For this game, you can play while reading or beforehand. If you want to make guesses about what will happen in the story before reading, make sure you jot them down on a piece of paper to keep track of who made the most correct guesses.
If you want to play during the story, you can ask questions to prompt your child before turning to a new page. For every correct guess they make about what happens next in the story, they earn a tally point.
The goal is for your child to get as many points as they can!
8) Origin Story
For children who seem to show an interest in history, this might be the perfect pre-reading activity.
There are so many things you can learn from books just from discovering a little bit about their backgrounds. For example, tons of writers pull from their real lives for inspiration to write their books.
Finding out about an author’s life in the author’s blurb and maybe even searching out more information either before or after reading can be a learning adventure all on its own!
To do this activity, work with your child to see what you can find out about the story you’ll be reading (without spoiling the ending!). What you can learn based on the author, where they are from, where the story is based, its historical period, and its subject matter?
This helps your child build additional knowledge and gets them prepared for the story ahead!
Pre-Reading Strategies For The Win
Pre-reading strategies are all about getting your child prepared for the reading journeys to come.
We hope these eight ideas will help you both have interesting, exciting conversations about books and where they can take you!
And if you ever need a little helping hand in the meantime, check out our personalized Learn & Grow App for reading exercises and adventures that will keep your child entertained, energized, and learning!
Author
| Preschool childhood as a period in human life plays an important role in shaping how not only each individual person, but also all of humanity, the world as a whole will become. The educational, ideological, moral, and cultural priorities laid down in preschool childhood determine the life path of generations and influence the development and state of the entire civilization. nine0005 It is necessary to pay as much attention as possible to the formation of the inner world of the child. Modern children spend more and more time playing computer games and watching TV. Sociological studies in our country and abroad have revealed negative trends: there is a markedly reduced interest in reading among younger preschoolers and adolescents; the share of reading in the structure of children's free time has been drastically reduced. nine0005 Today, in order to educate a reader in a child, an adult must himself show interest in a book, understand its role in a person’s life, know books recommended for preschool children, be able to talk interestingly with kids and help in analyzing the work. Fiction is a powerful, effective means of mental, moral and aesthetic education of children, it has a huge impact on the development and enrichment of children's speech. In poetic images, fiction opens and explains to the child the life of society and nature, the world of human feelings and relationships. It makes emotions more intense, nurtures the imagination and gives the preschooler excellent examples of the Russian literary language. These samples are different in their effect; in stories, children learn the brevity and accuracy of the word, in poetry they catch the musicality, melodiousness, imagery of Russian speech; folk tales reveal to them the accuracy and expressiveness of the Russian word, show how rich their native speech is with humor, lively and figurative expressions, comparisons. Preschool children are listeners, not readers, a work of art is conveyed to them by a teacher, so their possession of expressive reading skills is of particular importance. The teacher faces an important task - each work must be conveyed to the children as a work of art, reveal its intention, infect the listener with an emotional attitude to what is read; feelings, actions, lyrical experiences of the characters. The ability to correctly perceive a literary work, to realize, along with the content, the elements of artistic expression does not come to the child by itself: he must be developed and educated from a very early age. In this regard, it is very important to form in children the ability to actively listen to the work, to listen to artistic speech. Thanks to these skills, the child will form his own bright, imaginative, colorful, grammatically correct speech. nine0004 The significance of fiction in the upbringing of children is determined by its social, as well as educational and educational role in the life of the whole people. The art of the word reflects reality through artistic images, shows the most typical, comprehending and summarizing real life facts. This helps the child to learn life, forms his attitude to the environment. Artistic works, revealing the inner world of heroes, make children worry, experience, as their own, the joys and sorrows of heroes. Kindergarten introduces preschoolers to the best works for children and, on this basis, solves a whole range of interrelated tasks of moral, mental, aesthetic education. The process of development of aesthetic perception is very noticeable at preschool age. To understand that a work of art reflects the typical features of phenomena, a child can already at 4-5 years old. Researchers note such a feature of the artistic perception of the child as activity, deep empathy for the heroes of the works. Older preschoolers have the ability to mentally act in imaginary circumstances, as if to take the place of a hero. For example, together with the heroes of a fairy tale, children experience a sense of fear in tense dramatic moments, a sense of relief, satisfaction when justice is won. nine0005 A work of art attracts a child not only with its bright figurative form, but also with its semantic content. Older preschoolers, perceiving the work, can give a conscious, motivated assessment of the characters, using in their judgments the criteria of human behavior that have developed under the influence of education in our socialist society. Preschoolers are capable of mastering a poetic ear and can understand the main differences between prose and poetry. Children of senior preschool age, under the influence of the purposeful guidance of educators, are able to see the unity of the content of the work and its artistic form, find figurative words and expressions in it, feel the rhythm and rhyme of the poem, even remember the figurative means used by other poets. Thus, it is important to recognize the process of reading as determining in education and development, worldview and moral development of a person, a child. |
Invaluable help in this is provided by communication with the book. Through reading fiction, the child learns the past, present and future of the world, learns to analyze, moral and cultural values are laid in it. 
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Direct empathy for the characters, the ability to follow the development of the plot, the comparison of the events described in the work with those that he had to observe in life, help the child relatively quickly and correctly understand realistic stories, fairy tales, and by the end of preschool age - shifters, fables. An insufficient level of development of abstract thinking makes it difficult for children to perceive such genres as fables, proverbs, riddles, and necessitates the help of an adult. nine0005 
nine0005 the meaning of reading for a person — International School of Speed Reading and Information Management Vasilyeva Lidia Lvovna
If you have mathematician friends who ask you why read fiction, give them this text. If you have friends who convince you that soon all books will become electronic, give them this text. If you remember going to the library with warmth (or vice versa with horror), read this text. If your children are growing up, read this text with them, and if you are just thinking about what and how to read with children, all the more read this text. nine0005
It is important for people to explain which side they are on. A kind of declaration of interest.
So I'm going to talk to you about reading and how reading fiction and reading for pleasure is one of the most important things in a person's life.
And I'm obviously very biased, because I'm a writer, author of fiction. I write for both children and adults. For about 30 years I've been making my living with words, mostly creating things and writing them down.
No doubt I am interested that people read, that people read fiction, that libraries and librarians exist and promote the love of reading and the existence of places where one can read. So I'm biased as a writer. But I'm much more biased as a reader. nine0005
One day I was in New York and heard talk about building private prisons, a booming industry in America. The prison industry needs to plan for its future growth - how many cells will they need? What will be the number of prisoners in 15 years? And they found that they could predict all of this very easily, using a simple algorithm based on polls, what percentage of 10 and 11 year olds couldn't read. And, of course, he cannot read for his pleasure.
There is no direct correlation in this, it cannot be said that there is no crime in an educated society. But the relationship between the factors is visible. I think the simplest of these connections come from the obvious:
Literate people read fiction
Fiction has two uses:
First, it exposes you to reading addiction.
The thirst to know what happens next, the desire to turn the page, the need to keep going even if it's hard because someone is in trouble and you have to find out how it all ends... that's the real drive. It makes you learn new words, think differently, keep moving forward. To discover that reading in itself is a pleasure. Once you realize this, you are on your way to constant reading. nine0005
The easiest way to ensure literate children is to teach them to read and show them that reading is fun. The simplest thing is to find books they like, give them access and let them read them.
There are no bad authors for children if children want to read them and look for their books, because all children are different. They find the stories they need, and they go inside those stories. A worn out idea is not beaten up and worn out for them. After all, the child discovers it for the first time for himself. Don't discourage children from reading just because you think they're reading the wrong things.
Literature that you don't like is the way to books that you might like. And not everyone has the same taste as you. nine0005
And the second thing that fiction does is it creates empathy. When you watch a TV show or a movie, you are looking at things that happen to other people. Fiction is something you make out of 33 letters and a handful of punctuation marks, and you, you alone, use your imagination to create the world, populate it, and look around through the eyes of others. You begin to feel things, visit places and worlds that you would not know about. You will know that the outside world is also you. You become someone else, and when you return to your world, something in you will change a little. nine0005
Empathy is a tool that brings people together and allows them to behave not like narcissistic loners.
You also find in books something vital for existence in this world. And here it is: the world doesn't have to be that way. Everything can change.
In 2007, I was in China for the first party-approved science fiction and fantasy convention.
At some point, I asked an official representative of the authorities: why? After all, NF was not approved for a long time. What changed? nine0005
It's simple, he told me. The Chinese created great things if they were given diagrams. But they did not improve or invent anything themselves. They didn't invent. And so they sent a delegation to the US, to Apple, Microsoft, Google, and asked the people who were inventing the future about themselves. And found that they read science fiction when they were boys and girls.
Literature can show you another world. She can take you where you've never been before. Once you visit other worlds, like those who have tasted the magic fruits, you can never be completely satisfied with the world in which you grew up. Dissatisfaction is a good thing. Dissatisfied people can change and improve their worlds, make them better, make them different. nine0005
A sure way to destroy a child's love of reading is, of course, to make sure there are no books around.
And there are no places where children could read them. I'm lucky. When I was growing up, I had a great neighborhood library. I had parents who could be persuaded to drop me off at the library on my way to work during the holidays.
Libraries are freedom. Freedom to read, freedom to communicate. It is education (which does not end the day we leave school or university), it is leisure, it is refuge, and it is access to information. nine0005
I think it's all about the nature of information. Information has a price, and correct information is priceless. Throughout human history, we have lived in times of lack of information. Getting the information you need has always been important and always worth something. When to plant crops, where to find things, maps, stories and stories - this is what has always been valued at meals and in companies. Information was a valuable thing, and those who possessed it or obtained it could count on a reward.
In recent years, we have moved away from a lack of information and approached a glut of it.
According to Google's Eric Schmidt, the human race now creates as much information every two days as we did from the beginning of our civilization until 2003. That's something like five exobytes of information a day, if you like numbers. Now the task is not to find a rare flower in the desert, but to find a specific plant in the jungle. We need help navigating to find what we really need among this information. nine0005
Books are a way to communicate with the dead. It is a way to learn from those who are no longer with us. Mankind created itself, developed, gave rise to a type of knowledge that can be developed, and not constantly memorized. There are tales that are older than many countries, tales that have long outlived the cultures and the walls in which they were first told.
If you don't value libraries, then you don't value information, culture, or wisdom. You are drowning out the voices of the past and harming the future.
We must read aloud to our children. Read to them what makes them happy.
Read them stories we're already tired of. Speak in different voices, keep them interested and never stop reading just because they have learned to do it themselves. Making reading aloud a moment of togetherness, a time when no one is looking at their phones, when the temptations of the world are put aside.
We must use language. Develop, learn what new words mean and how to apply them, communicate clearly, say what we mean. We should not try to freeze the language, pretend that it is a dead thing to be honored. We must use language as a living thing that moves, that carries words, that allows their meanings and pronunciations to change over time. nine0005
Writers - especially children's writers - have obligations to their readers. We must write things that are true, which is especially important when we are writing stories about people who did not exist, or places where they have not been, to understand that the truth is not what really happened, but what tells us, who we are.
After all, literature is true lies, after all. We must not bore our readers, but make them want to turn the next page. One of the best resources for those who are reluctant to read is a story they can't put down. nine0005
We must tell our readers the truth, arm them, give them protection, and pass on the wisdom we have learned from our brief sojourn in this green world. We should not preach, lecture, stuff ready-made truths down the throats of our readers like birds that feed their chicks pre-chewed worms. And we should never, for anything in the world, under any circumstances, write for children what we would not like to read ourselves.
All of us - adults and children, writers and readers - must dream. We must invent. It is easy to pretend that no one can change anything, that we live in a world where society is huge and the individual is less than nothing, an atom in a wall, a grain in a rice field. But the truth is that individuals change the world over and over again, individuals create the future, and they do so by imagining that things could be different.
Look around. I'm serious. Stop for a moment and look at the room you are in. I want to show something so obvious that everyone has already forgotten it. Here it is: everything you see, including the walls, was invented at some point. Someone decided that it would be much easier to sit on a chair than on the ground, and came up with a chair. Someone had to come up with a way so that I could talk to all of you in London right now without getting wet. This room and all the things in it, all the things in the building, in this city exist because over and over again people come up with something. nine0005
We must make things beautiful. Not to make the world uglier than it was before us, not to devastate the oceans, not to pass on our problems to the next generations. We must clean up after ourselves, and not leave our children in a world that we have so stupidly spoiled, robbed and mutilated.
Albert Einstein was once asked how we can make our children smarter.
