What is pre reading

The Power of Pre-Reading - HIP Books

PRE-READING: Getting Your Brain Ready to Read

PRE-READING refers to all the things a reader does before reading in order to engage with the text and increase capacity to understand it.

“If you build the big picture before you start, you begin reading the text with a conceptual framework already in place. Then, when you encounter a new detail or a new bit of evidence in your reading, your mind will know what to do with it.”
(Michael Austin, 2007. Reading the World: Ideas That Matter)

THE 3 Ps of PRE-READING: PREVIEW, PRIOR KNOWLEDGE and PURPOSE FOR READING

PREVIEW: We preview a text to get a sense of what it’s all about. Previewing can range from scanning a short article to exploring illustrations or chapter headings.

PRIOR KNOWLEDGE: It’s said that prior knowledge represents up to 60% of comprehension! Authors often assume the reader is coming to the reading with certain knowledge. Activating prior knowledge before reading opens up those schema in our brains into which new information can be added Read more about background knowledge here.

PURPOSE: Knowing the purpose for reading helps us take a stance as a reader. For example, we read in a different way if we know the text is supposed to make us laugh than if the text is full of challenging facts.

Research has shown that engaging in pre-reading strategies can affect both motivation and comprehension. Appropriate preparation for reading can enable students to read materials that might otherwise be beyond their capacity. We know that pre-reading strategies are particularly important for struggling readers. That’s why every HIP TEACHER’S GUIDE contains suggestions for before reading the novel and discussion points before reading each section, including a nonfiction article to build prior knowledge and anticipation.

For example, here’s an idea from the HIP FANTASY COLLECTION: Have students brainstorm all the elements readers might expect to find in a fantasy story, such as a system of magic, villains and heroes and a setting that is another world. Then invite students to revisit the list as they read to see which are found in the book. Read more here.

PRE-READING ROUTINES

There are a number of things teachers can do to prepare students for reading a particular text, such as:

ANTICIPATION GUIDES: Prepare a list of facts/details from the book and flip some of them around so they are false. Before reading, invite students to guess whether each item is true or false. After reading, have students revisit the list and their predictions.
GROUP DISCUSSION OR BRAINSTORMING: Introduce the theme of the book or an essential question and have students discuss it before reading.
PRE-TEACHING KEY VOCABULARY WORDS: Pre-teaching 3-5 important concept words from the story builds background knowledge and helps support comprehension. (However, trying to teach too many words pretty much ensures that students won’t remember any of them! Stick to a small essential vocabulary. )

It’s important, however, to give students strategies that they can use on their own to prepare for reading Here are a few:

PIC FLICK/CHAPTER WALK: HIP novels are peppered with graphic novel-style illustrations to support comprehension. Every chapter in a HIP novel has a title, for the same reason. Flicking through the pictures or taking a trek through the chapter headings provides a preview of what will happen in the book. .
READ A RANDOM PAGE: HIP founder and author Paul Kropp always read page 40 before reading. There’s nothing magical (or scientific) about page 40, but there is something to be said for previewing a few random pages to get a sense of the author’s style and readability.
MAKE A NONFICTION CONNECTION: Think about what you already know (or think you know) about the topic. Read an informational piece or watch a video to build background knowledge about the theme of the novel.
GENERATE SOME WONDERINGS: Looking at the front cover image and back cover (or flyleaf) blurb, as well as engaging in other previewing strategies can generate questions that provide a purpose for reading.
UNDERSTAND THE GENRE: Even within the FICTION genre, there are a number of sub-genres that have quite different features, such as fantasies, mysteries, ghost stories, or historical fiction. Knowing the elements of the genre helps the individual take a stance as a reader and supports comprehension.
LEARN MORE ABOUT THE AUTHOR/SOURCE: Asking questions about where the information comes from is particularly important in internet reading, where anybody can publish just about anything. But even with fiction, knowing about the author’s style and what other things they’ve written can help readers prepare to read. Knowing if the author is trying to persuade you to think a certain way can help you read more critically. Read more about Purpose, Perspective and Point of View.
THINK ABOUT YOUR PURPOSE FOR READING: Why are you reading this text? Whether you’re reading for information or for pleasure will affect your “stance” as a reader. Readers will approach a text differently if they know it’s supposed to be funny or factual. Read more about Race Car Reading here.

HEY! WHAT ABOUT PREDICTION?

Predicting what a text will be about from the cover image or back cover blurb is a time-honored pre-reading strategy in school. Why isn’t it on the list? Read more here!

Pre-Reading Strategies To Boost Kids’ Reading Comprehension

What Are Pre-Reading Strategies?

Pre-reading strategies are learning approaches designed to help give your child structure, guidance, and background knowledge before they begin exploring a new text.

These strategies target your child’s reading comprehension skills by giving them the tools they need to become active, successful readers.

By activating the knowledge your child already has about certain subjects, learning how to utilize context clues, and talking with you about the book, they’ll be on their way to reading and writing scholarly essays in no time!

Basic Pre-Reading Strategies

As the name suggests, pre-reading strategies are used before you begin reading a book with your child. There are a few main strategies you can use to help your child prepare to dive into any story. Let’s take a look!

Previewing

By this, we don’t mean Googling the movie-adaptation trailer (although that might be a fun way to compare and contrast the text later on!).

Previewing means letting your child gather clues — from the book’s title and cover illustrations, inside illustrations, and maybe the table of contents for older children — to try to figure out what might happen or what they might learn in a book they are about to hear or read.

Purpose

If you have time, it’s always great to put aside a moment for mindfulness before reading with your child. Talk with them about what reading goals they still want to achieve.

Do they still need help with longer words (pronunciation)? Do they want to work on their character voices (expression)? Getting their input will help you both come together to set a goal — or purpose — for your reading time.

Predictions

Using the resources available to your child, see if they can make predictions about what might happen in the story before they get a chance to read anything.

What information can they gather just using the title, cover, and illustrations? Then you both might continue predicting as the story unfolds.

8 Pre-Reading Activities To Try At Home

1) Speaking In Questions

This is a fun activity that helps your child become more insightful about the text they’re reading while letting them be silly, too! The goal here is for your child to investigate the things they want to know, might know, or aren’t sure about just by looking at the cover of the text.

We know you probably use the question-and-answer format quite a bit in your reading routine, so this offers your child a nice change of pace. Instead of you asking the questions, they get to ask, too!

These questions can be silly or straightforward. For example, if you’re reading Goldilocks and The Three Bears, you could start the question conversation by asking your child, “Why do you think her name is Goldilocks?”

Your child might ask back, “Why do these bears live in a house?” See how many questions you can come up with.

It’s OK if these questions are not answered right away. Most of them will probably be answered once you’ve finished reading the book! Any that go unaddressed can always be answered afterward.

2) K-W-L-H Chart

This pre-reading activity was invented and made famous by Donna Ogle back in the 1980s. The different letters in K-W-H-L charts represent different tasks for your child to complete with you.

The “K” column is reserved for things your child already knows about the subject of a book or its story. The key here is activating and then reflecting on their prior knowledge. For example, if they’re reading Charlotte’s Web, what do they already know about pigs and spiders?

The “W” category is for what your child wants to know about the story. What are they curious about?

The “L” (what they learned from the story) and “H” columns (how they can find out more ) are reserved for discussing after you’ve finished reading.

The last row, how they can find out more, is more important in nonfiction than fiction — although after reading Charlotte’s Web, you could find out more about spiders by seeking out a nonfiction book.

While this exercise is traditionally completed by writing their answers down on a chart, we think it’s more fun to get physical with it!

For example, you could make a book review video to share with family members! First, challenge yourselves to come up with at least six Ks and 6 Ws, three from each of you.

Next, make a video that begins by naming the book you are reading, followed by announcing the things you know and the things you want to know. When you are finished with the book, video what you learned and where you can go to learn more.

You can even create a special book-video library of your KWLH experiences!

3) Pre-Teach Vocabulary

If you know that the book you’ll be reading together will challenge your child’s current reading skills, consider teaching them a handful of the more challenging words ahead of your reading time.

We love a good old-fashioned game of (reverse) Charades for this pre-reading activity. To start, you might write out the word you want your child to learn on a large sheet of paper. Make sure to use bold, thick letters!

Then, try and act out the definition of the word for your child. Based on your impeccable acting skills, they can guess the definition of this new word!

4) Pre-Teach Themes

Many children’s books set out to teach children more than new words. They usually have moral lessons embedded in their pages as well.

For example, themes might include things like the power of friendship in Charlotte’s Web or courage in a book about Martin Luther King, Jr.

To get your child’s mind focused on the theme of the book, you could prompt them by discussing the same moral lesson. See what their initial opinion is about it. Do they have a strong sense of it already, or do they want to learn more?

Reading the book can either confirm or change their opinion. And then you have something to talk about when you’re finished reading!

5) Word Bingo

This game is another great option for getting your child’s mind prepped to learn vocabulary or to brush up on sight words they need a little extra help with.

If you’d like to try this pre-reading activity, create a Bingo sheet for each of you using words from the text before your reading time. Every time you or your child hears or sees a word that matches one on your sheet, place a sticker on it.

The first one to yell out, “Bingo!” wins.

6) Sentence Obstacle Course

This pre-reading activity is great for encouraging your child’s comprehension and sentence formulation. The stronger grasp they have on learning how to construct words into sentences, the faster they’ll adjust to the flow and structure of stories.

For this exercise, we suggest writing down several words on individual sheets of paper. Make sure you include all the components of a typical sentence — nouns, adjectives, objects, and verbs. Only include one word per piece of paper.

Next, scatter the words on the ground. We suggest adopting the “the floor is lava” rule! Your child will need to hop to different words to combine them into a sentence.

For example, they could “write”: The (jump) cat (jump) is (jump) red. If you want them to work on their punctuation, you could include that, too!

7) Anticipation Vs. Reality

This method will help take some of those preliminary questions you and your child came up with and figure out what happens in the end!

For this game, you can play while reading or beforehand. If you want to make guesses about what will happen in the story before reading, make sure you jot them down on a piece of paper to keep track of who made the most correct guesses.

If you want to play during the story, you can ask questions to prompt your child before turning to a new page. For every correct guess they make about what happens next in the story, they earn a tally point.

The goal is for your child to get as many points as they can!

8) Origin Story

For children who seem to show an interest in history, this might be the perfect pre-reading activity.

There are so many things you can learn from books just from discovering a little bit about their backgrounds. For example, tons of writers pull from their real lives for inspiration to write their books.

Finding out about an author’s life in the author’s blurb and maybe even searching out more information either before or after reading can be a learning adventure all on its own!

To do this activity, work with your child to see what you can find out about the story you’ll be reading (without spoiling the ending!). What you can learn based on the author, where they are from, where the story is based, its historical period, and its subject matter?

This helps your child build additional knowledge and gets them prepared for the story ahead!

Pre-Reading Strategies For The Win

Pre-reading strategies are all about getting your child prepared for the reading journeys to come. We hope these eight ideas will help you both have interesting, exciting conversations about books and where they can take you!

And if you ever need a little helping hand in the meantime, check out our personalized Learn & Grow App for reading exercises and adventures that will keep your child entertained, energized, and learning!

Author

Childhood pre-reading tips and activities

en la Educación Infantil It is necessary to teach children instrumental methods in order to prepare children through various exercises for faster and better reading comprehension. Therefore, today I wanted to give you goals they need to practice so that the child has the necessary motivation to start pre-reading at such an early age.

Don't miss out on everything we tell you below because we're sure you'll find it interesting. You will be able to better understand the process of learning to read in children, as well as come up with good activities for the whole family.

Index

1 Some ideas for getting started
2 Suggestions for developing reading
3 When it's done
4 Pre-reading: developing reading ability

Some ideas for getting started

you can use to better understand it all:

Get the child interested through short texts , easy to understand, encouraging the child to continue the reading process.
Put a fun and suitable material for your mentality so you can work the way you want and be as productive as possible.
Don't interfere In the process of learning, allowing the child to follow his personal rhythm, do not dissuade him from possible stagnation in his learning.
No start the actual exercises before reading until the age of 4 when the child stabilizes his motor behavior more and at the same time can consolidate his ideas.

Pre-reading exercises begin when language development : conversations, stories, recitations, etc.

Later, pre-reading exercises begin, which charge the child's imagination through drill about:

Object recognition , painted on cardboard boxes that compare each other, noting their differences in shape, color, size, etc.
Comparison of words , after sentences, differentiating their own characteristics.
Take cards with a story known to the children. Given images, they will repeat history until they are created. something familiar .
Cut out the letters that were drawn earlier, placing the consonant vowels in a different color.
Play with puzzle by increasing your difficulty.
Hand out cards that have different words, search until they find ones they think are similar to the written word.

Reading Development Tips

After this brief introduction, we are going to delve a little deeper into this topic so that you can help your children with it. learning to read, but always respecting their learning rhythms and their evolution.

In schools, children are taught to read from the age of 4, but they are not fully prepared or do not have sufficient mental maturity to be able to read. The intellectual maturity of children begins at the age of 7. be more prepared to start reading In this way, pre-reading can be started more effectively so that children can develop their reading ability.

Remember that, as we have already mentioned several times, at four years old children are still in magical thinking and symbolic play, and here they must continue! They need to stay at this stage for their minds to develop properly.

When it's ready

In order for children to learn to read and for reading comprehension to become effective later on, you need to consider the following factors:

Physiological
Psychological
Cognitive
Emotional
Ambient

For this reason, there are many schools and educational institutions around the world that do not expect children to start reading until they are 7 years old. They respect their evolution and their mental maturity to become children.

What does it mean to be children? That they can explain their environment, experiment with the senses, learn the values of coexistence and for themselves, that they feel satisfied, that they learn from their mistakes and, above all, who have the intrinsic motivation to learn so that reading becomes something wonderful... instead of something tedious and boring.

Pre-reading: developing the ability to read

Pre-reading is what precedes reading itself. Try to unscramble the letters in the words to be able to join them and thus read them. This requires the right material and a lot of motivation.

They can use words they know, recycled materials... put all the letters together and make words that are accompanied by their pictures so that they can mentally match the word to the concept it defines.

The choice of words can be made according to your tastes, interests or life. These can be words that take into account the following categories:

Affective. These can be names of loved ones, proper name, “brother”, “mother”, “father”, “grandfather”, “grandmother”, “uncle”, “aunt”, etc. The more affective and emotional charge the word contains , all the better.
Cognitive. Non-ambient words in which syllables are repeated (something easy to learn), vowels or consonants are repeated, etc.

It must be remembered that clarity of perception is important for children to learn sooner and better. The large, thick letters in different materials and the bold colors of are great ideas for pre-reading work.

Letters should have a handwriting that resembles the letters they will write in the future. Therefore, printed letters are not the best choice. For example, the "Memima" typeface or font is a good choice.

You can work on the words at certain times or distribute them around the house so that the children can recognize the letters and words. You can even hang posters with words around the house and at the same time has a nice box with words and pictures of each word side by side to be able to search for the word and picture.

For example, in the case of family members, real photos can be added to give the event more emotional weight. Another idea to work on pre-reading is to draw the letters with your hands; paint, in the air, etc.

Article subject:

10 games to learn to read

Now that you know more exercises and know more about how they help your child with pre-reading, feel free to create your own own family games. Your children will be happy to spend time with you, and you will be happy to see your mind learning almost like magic . And the fact is, their minds and their learning are limitless as long as they are properly motivated and provided with the necessary fun materials!

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4 methods of quick reading of educational and scientific literature

People have been reading for hundreds of centuries, but only in our time the question of increasing the speed of reading has become so acute. The main reason is the increase in the volume of information as a result of the development of science, its integrativity and the need to significantly accelerate the development of information. Organize daily workouts for your brain and the result will not be long in coming.

In Russian, reading is interpreted in several meanings:

1. reading as a process of perception of texts arranged in various ways:

2. reading as pronunciation, recitation of texts, including for educational purposes;

3. reading as an oral presentation to an audience of educational (lecture) or scientific material (report).

4. reading as a process of perception, processing, recoding, understanding and memorization of various symbols and texts with the help of a visual analyzer.

Figure 1. Model of processing textual information

Deep reading is a way of reading in which the reader pays attention to details, analyzes and evaluates them. It is also called analytical or critical.

For example, this way of reading is best used when studying academic disciplines.

Quick reading - continuous reading of the text, in which the process of analyzing facts and synthesizing individual concepts quickly proceeds.

For example, this way of reading is suitable for reading scientific, technical, economic, etc. literature.

Selective reading is a reading method in which individual sections of the text are read selectively.

For example, this method is used for secondary reading of an information source after its preview.

Reading-browsing is a way of reading in which there is a preliminary acquaintance with the source of information.

For example, we pick up a book, skim through the preface, look for the most important provisions of the author by the table of contents, according to which we can presumably judge the main content of the source, look through the conclusion and draw a conclusion about the usefulness and value of the text.

Reading-scanning is a method of reading a source in which it searches for exclusively factual information (numbers, words, surnames, etc.).

For example, to prove his point of view, the reader looks for this or that statistical information in books.

Thus, the considered methods of reading show the need not only to master them, but also the opportunity to choose the appropriate method each time, depending on the nature of the text and the time budget.

Regression - involuntary, mechanical, repeated eye fixations of the same section of the text (phrases, words, sentences). With such reading, the eyes move back, but not to the starting point of reading, but limiting themselves to the near zone.

Speaking is the movement of the lips, tongue and other organs of speech while reading silently. When reading slowly, internal speaking occurs, proceeding at the same speed with which we read the text aloud.

Small field of vision — coverage of the text with one eye fixation. A person perceives letters, words, at best a few words, therefore, the eyes make several fixations, which is called splitting the gaze.

No reading strategy - the absence of a goal, task and topic that moves the reader.

Lack of attention - switching thoughts to extraneous sounds, thoughts, objects reduces interest in reading and slows down the perception of the text.

Reading methods differ in the speed of their implementation, which is defined as the number of characters read per unit of time. Important is not only the speed of reading the text, but also the coefficient of understanding, the productivity of reading.

In different countries and languages, both the names and meanings of reading standards differ (see table).

Reading speed standards in different countries

Our country also has reading speed standards for adults (see table).

Norms of reading speed in Russia

Of course, each person's reading speed is individual and depends on many factors: the activity of neuropsychic processes, peculiarities of thinking, attention, genetic predisposition. But each person, training daily, can change his own indicators.

Reception 1. Disable regression.

It is necessary to force yourself not to go back to the previously read text. To do this, you can wear headphones while reading or use a special reading algorithm. This algorithm assumes sequential extraction of information on key issues.

Special reading algorithm

TITLE (books, articles) - AUTHOR (authors) - SOURCES AND ITS DATA - TOPIC (what the book, article is about) - FACTUAL INFORMATION - DISPUTE ISSUES - NOVELTY OF THE MATERIAL AND THE POSSIBILITY OF ITS USE.

Reception 2. Disable internal articulation (pronunciation).

Since our speech is a rhythmic pattern, to increase the speed of reading it is necessary to use the technique of arrhythmic tapping.

Arrhythmic tapping reception

While reading to himself, a person taps out a rhythm with his hand that does not correspond to the rhythm of Russian speech. For example: one-two-three-four-six-seven-eight. This rhythm breaks the usual mechanism of speech movements when reading a Russian text, that is, it interferes with internal pronunciation.

Reception 3. Expanding the field of view.

The untrained eye is forced to make 12-16 stops while reading, which takes time and tires the eye muscles.

Vertical reading technique

The table contains numbers from 1 to 25. Look at the center of the table from a distance of 30-40 cm, trying to see the entire table. You must find all the numbers in ascending order from 1 to 25 in 25 seconds. If you have lost any purely, then look for it by moving the eye only vertically. Using the same pattern, you can make tables for yourself with a large number of numbers. Exercise 3-5 minutes daily.

Table for teaching vertical reading

Reception 3. Improving attention.

In psychology, it is customary to distinguish the following qualities of attention: concentration, volume, switching, distribution, and stability. Fluent reading skills require the development of all qualities.

To improve all qualities, a series of exercises must be performed daily.

Exercise example.

You have two tasks. Each of which you must close with a piece of paper immediately after reading. Read assignments very quickly. Then you should answer the questions.

Task 1. The wife asked her husband to buy oil, soap, meat, and cabbage. Husband bought: cabbage, soap, oil, lard. What did your husband forget to buy? What did he buy extra?

Task 2. In room 235, in the right drawer of the cabinet, which stands next to the desk, there is a book of Wormsbereh and the Cabin “One Hundred Pages an Hour”. Bring her. Where exactly is the book? Were you asked to enter room 325, 235, 435? Where is the closet? Where is the book? Who are the authors of the book?

The online Schulte table is one of the most effective simulators for developing attention, memory and speed reading skills.

Lumosity - online version has more than 40 games for training attention, multitasking, short-term and long-term memory, focus (concentration), stress management, etc.

PEAK - contains 25 puzzles divided into several categories. Focus - a series of exercises on interacting with shapes: sorting, matching and isolating them. Agility - puzzles that require quick decision making and cause some brain confusion.