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INTEREST AND READING LEVELS
Interest Level: AllPre-KK123456789101112Adult to AllPre-KK123456789101112Adult
Guided Reading: AllABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZZ+ to AllABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZZ+
Lexile Level: to
Lexile Code: AllAD: Adult DirectedBR: Beginning ReaderGN: Graphic NovelHL: High-LowIG: Illustrated GuideNC: Non-ConformingNP: Non-ProseIcon
Accelerated Reader:
All0.
10.20.30.40.50.60.70.80.91.01.11.21.31.41.51.61.71.81.92.02.12.22.32.42.52.62.72.82.93.03.13.23.33.43.53.63.73.83.94.04.14.24.34.44.54.64.74.84.95.05.15.25.35.45.55.65.75.85.96.06.16.26.36.46.56.66.76.86.97.07.17.27.37.47.57.67.77.87.98.08.18.28.38.48.58.68.78.88.99.09.19.29.39.49.59.69.79.89.910.010.110.210.310.410.510.610.710.810.911.011.111.211.311.411.511.611.711.811.912.012.112.212.312.412.512.612.712.812.913.013.113.213.313.413.5
to
All0.10.20.30.40.50.60.70.80.91.01.11.21.31.41.51.61.71.81.92.02.12.22.32.42.52.62.72.82.93.03.13.23.33.43.53.63.73.83.94.04.14.24.34.44.54.64.74.84.95.05.15.25.35.45.55.65.75.85.96.06.16.26.36.46.56.66.76.86.97.07.17.27.37.47.57.67.77.87.98.08.18.28.38.48.58.68.78.88.99.09.19.29.39.49.59.69.79.89.910.010.110.210.310.410.510.610.710.810.911.011.111.211.311.411.511.611.711.811.912.012.112.212.312.412.512.612.712.812.913.013.113.213.313.413.5
Reading Recovery: All1234567891011121314151617181920 to All1234567891011121314151617181920
Grade Level Equivalent: AllPre-KK123456789101112 to AllPre-KK123456789101112
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Tools to Help You Level Your Classroom Library
A few weeks ago, I shared tips for organizing your classroom library.
The response to that blog post has been overwhelming! In the post, I explained that I sort the books in my own classroom library by reading level, as well as theme.
Sorting by theme is the easy part. We all know the importance of providing developmentally appropriate texts to students, but leveling an entire library can be a daunting task … until today!
I have researched a few of the top tools (both free and paid) for aiding teachers as they level their classroom libraries. Today I bring you pricing information, photos of the tools in action, and my HONEST opinion of each resource so you can make an informed decision about what will work best for you as you level your own classroom library.
I was pleased to discover that several companies provide iPhone and Android apps that allow you to scan the barcode and receive leveling results within seconds! Free or paid, iPhone (and Android) apps are my favorite type of resource because they are the fastest and most efficient way to level your books.
I’ll start by walking you through a few of the apps I recently installed on my iPhone. It is important to note that whether it was free or paid; no single app was able to identify and provide leveling information for EVERY book in my library. As you might expect, the paid apps sometimes provided data which was lacking in the free apps. In other cases, the FREE Scholastic Book Wizard app provided information about books that the paid apps did not! I would not expect a single resource to single-handedly level your entire classroom library, but each of the apps I successfully tested were able to level an impressive amount of books from my own library.
Scholastic Book Wizard App
Looking for a great FREE resource to help you get started? Start with the Book Wizard app from Scholastic! The app allows you to manually search (by typing the name of a tittle, author, or keyword). Most importantly, the app has a scanner that allows you to simply scan the bar code to quickly search the database for book information.
I was pleased to discover that information for MANY of my classroom books was available in the app. A brief synopsis of the book is included on the “Book Info” screen as well as title, author, and book level information. The one (minor) downside was that the level information was presented in a rather tiny text. As a result, the book level didn’t jump out at me, I had to really look at the screen to see it.
Bonus Feature: The Scholastic Book Wizard app also allows users to create an inventory of all titles in classroom library. You can also designate how many copies of the book you own and additional notes (such as where the book is filed in your library). I did not see any means to check books in or out. The list would mostly be a helpful tool for helping teachers quickly find a book or keep track of books they already own.
Level It App
My favorite of the paid apps was the Level It app. Just like Book Wizard, this app allows users to manually search for a book, or use your phone’s camera to scan a book’s bar code.
This app also provides a description of the book with title, author, and level information. I loved how the levels are easier to discern with a quick glance at the screen. When I had a big stack of books that needed to be leveled, I appreciated being able to quickly and easily find this information so I could move on to the next book in the pile. This app is available for iPhone and Android users.
Bonus Feature: The Level It app includes a feature to inventory your classroom library, along with a class roster. This allows the teacher to create individual student profiles and the ability to check in/out books to specific students. This is not a feature that I can see myself implementing in my kindergarten classroom, but I know it is a tool that will prove to be useful for MANY classroom teachers.
Literacy Leveler App
The Literacy Leveler App by FikesFarm, LLC is similar to the Level It app, but a bit more basic. Priced at $3.
99, this app is currently only available for iPhone users. It allows users to manually search by title, author or ISBN; as well as scan each book’s bar code. Although the format of the app is simplistic compared to Level It (the other leading paid app for iPhone users) and did not include a book synopsis, I did appreciate the fact that book level information was boldly formatted and easy for users to see.
Bonus Feature: The Literacy Level app allows teachers to create an inventory of all titles included in their classroom library. It does indicate how many copies of a title a teacher possesses; nor does it allow teachers to make notes about each book. Despite its limitations, the library tool allows teachers to easily see a list of all books in their classroom library books at a given reading level with a quick touch of the screen.
Classroom Organizer App
Another free app for iPhone and Android users is the Classroom Organizer app from Booksource.
The app allows teachers to determine reading levels, organize, and track books in their classroom library. The description of this app sounds amazing (especially for a free product). Unfortunately, the great features offered by this app are overshadowed by it’s shortfalls for usability. I followed the instructions and got started by creating an online account with Booksource, but after nearly a dozen attempts, have not been able to successfully log in to the app. Some things should simply not be this much of a challenge. I’m sure it’s a wonderful app, but I have yet to see it in action.
If you don’t have a smart phone or you prefer to look things up on your computer (the new old-fashioned way), there are a few websites that can be equally helpful as you level the books for your classroom library.
A to Z Teacher Stuff Leveled Books Database
The Leveled Books Database at A to Z Teacher Stuff allows users to search by title or author to determine the reading level for student books.
Teachers have the option of searching to find Guided Reading Level or Reading Recovery Level.
Although the database is not comprehensive (MANY popular titles from my classroom library are missing from the online resource,) it is free and helpful for some books. If you are just getting started, this is a resource that should not be overlooked.
Scholastic Book Wizard
If you love the Book Wizard app, you should know that this was the website that started it all. The Scholastic Book Wizard is a free website that allows educators to search by title, author, or keyword. Users can view a book’s Grade Level Equivalent, Guided Reading Level, or Lexile Measure. The extensive database was my first step when I began to level my own classroom library a few years ago.
Fountas & Pinnell Leveled Book Website
For educators seeking a more official means of leveling their classroom books, the Leveled Book Website from Fountas & Pinnell is available as a subscription service.
With a base price of $25 for an annual membership, group discounts are also available.
I Leveled My Books… Now What?
Once your classroom books have been leveled, you will want to make them easily accessible to your students. My own classroom library consists of two categories: books sorted by level and books sorted by theme. The box containing each type of book is clearly labeled, and each book contained within the box is given a small coordinating label. This way, students have a clear visual cue to help them return books to their proper location.
My Kindergarten Classroom Library
Find out more about my classroom library in this blog post. Learn how it’s organized, where to shop for my favorite book bins and see the little touches I added to make it extra special for my students.
Classroom Library Labels
Organize your library in style with my classroom library labels. Available in {Black Series} and {White Series}, this downloadable product includes labels for a variety of levels and themes to suit your classroom needs.
Classroom Library Labels can be purchased in my TpT store.
Do you have plans to level your classroom library this summer?
What is your favorite book leveling resource?
Lock management in transaction
The mechanism for managing data locks in a transaction allows locking mutable data not by means of the database management system used, but by means of the platform. Such data lock management is performed not in terms of DBMS data, but in terms of the subject area. Thanks to this, locks are applied “more precisely” and the parallelism of the work of users increases.
1C:Enterprise 8 configuration can work in one of three modes of lock management in a transaction: nine0003
- automatic;
- managed - standard mode for new configurations;
- automatic and controlled.
The automatic data lock management mode uses the repeatable read and serializable transaction isolation levels provided by the database management system.
These transaction isolation levels ensure consistent and consistent reading of data, and no additional lock management is required from the developer. nine0003
Managed mode allows you to increase the parallelism of the work of users in the client-server mode of operation by using a lower level of database transaction isolation (Read Committed). When writing data in a transaction, 1C:Enterprise objects automatically lock the required data. The developer needs to manage data locks in cases where business logic requires a consistent and consistent reading of data in a transaction.
Automatic and managed mode allows you to use the ability to manage locks in a transaction only for some configuration objects. This mode can be used to optimize the concurrency of user work with individual application objects (for example, with several of the most intensively used documents) or to gradually transfer large configurations to the mode of managing locks in a transaction.
nine0003
In summary, the differences between working in the automatic blocking mode and in the managed blocking mode are shown in the following table:
Most often, the need to manage data locks in a transaction arises in the process of posting documents, when you need to read and then write changed data to the same tables. For example, if balance control is performed when posting a document.
Especially for this, the record sets of accumulation registers and accounting registers have the LockForChange property.
If you need to control the balances, and then record movements in the same register, then this property must be set for the recordset of this register in the Movements property.
The effect of this property is the same as if the developer had independently set (written in the code) the necessary 1C:Enterprise 8 managed locks. The platform will set the required managed lock automatically when writing this set of records.
As a result, other managed transactions using a similar lock will not be able to start reading this register until the current transaction ends. nine0003
Below is an example of "manual" control of data locks when reading the data of the accumulation register Accounting for Items in the processing of posting the Invoice document. In this example, managed locks are created and set completely using the 1C:Enterprise language only.
SmartE is a new series of entry-level industrial switches from EtherWAN. STAT#3/21
Author: Sergey Vorobyov
nine0044 This article provides a brief overview of EtherWAN's new line of SmartE managed industrial Ethernet switches, which offer a low price point and a balanced feature set to meet many basic needs.
The article was published in the journal MODERN AUTOMATION TECHNOLOGIES №3/2021
Over the past 10 years, industrial Ethernet switches have become a separate class of devices capable of solving a wide range of tasks for building reliable, fault-tolerant and multi-service data transmission networks.
Every year, the industrial switch market is becoming more and more cumbersome, new players, new equipment appear, and manufacturers are constantly adding new functionality. nine0048
As a result, a modern industrial switch is a complex device equipped with a large set of functions. Indeed, if we take a closer look at the functionality of an industrial managed Ethernet switch in the middle price segment, then you can find a very large number of features in it: support for several redundancy protocols, security, work with multicast traffic, etc.
However, when solving problems of building an industrial network, such examples of application are very rare when most of the functions are in demand. And this is due to many factors, ranging from the scope of application to the tasks that need to be solved. nine0003
Speaking of switches, you should always pay attention to the functionality, which very often determines the final price of the device. You have to pay for functionality, but it is not always needed and in full demand.
Now in the arsenal of many manufacturers of industrial network equipment, you can find several types of industrial switches with different functions:
- unmanaged switches;
- managed switches with L2 feature set; nine0008
- managed switches with L3 feature set.
Each type of switches is aimed at solving its own range of tasks and differs significantly in price, capabilities and, of course, functions. Now a modern industrial Ethernet network is a complex and competent combination of all three types of switches. As a rule, only in this case it is possible to build a reliable, balanced, functional and, most importantly, cost-effective system.
However, over the past 3–4 years, many tasks have appeared where an even more specific solution is needed, for example, building a network where the functionality of unmanaged switches is insufficient, and the functionality of managed L2 switches is very redundant. A typical task is to provide network redundancy and its segmentation into VLANs (Virtual Local Area Network - virtual local computer network).
It will not be possible to solve it without a managed switch. And the price of a full-fledged managed L2 switch differs several times from that of an unmanaged one. nine0003
As a result, the price of the final solution increases significantly. In terms of budget savings, this fact forces designers and integrators to use more economical commercial segment equipment that is not designed for solving industrial problems.
As a result, it is possible to provide functionality and even the price may turn out to be acceptable, but an industrial network built on commercial switches will most likely not meet the requirements for reliability and fault tolerance. In this regard, manufacturers of industrial network equipment offer customers more and more niche solutions. nine0003
Using the example of the Taiwanese manufacturer EtherWAN, whose equipment is in the middle price segment, it can be shown that the class of industrial network switches is growing and is currently represented by the following types (Fig.
1):
- unmanaged switches;
- managed switches with a basic set of L2 functions;
- managed switches with full L2 functionality;
- managed switches with a basic set of L3 functions; nine0008
- managed switches with full L3 functionality.
Fig. 1. EtherWAN Industrial Ethernet Switch Portfolio
And if managed switches with a basic set of L3 functions, the so-called Lite L3, are the lot of fairly large networks, then managed switches with a basic set of L2 functions are equipment that can be used to solve a huge number of tasks where high-performance capabilities are not required, but high reliability of the equipment is required. In 2021, EtherWAN introduced a new series of managed switches with a basic L2 feature set, called SmartE. nine0003
About EtherWAN
EtherWAN is an industrial network equipment manufacturer headquartered and manufactured in Taiwan. It was founded in 1996, and today you can find a lot of devices in the portfolio [1].
The company's products are successfully used in such vertical markets as energy, oil and gas industry, urban infrastructure, etc.
SmartE Series
Series SmartE (Fig. 2) is a very interesting addition to the existing portfolio [2], as it is designed taking into account industrial requirements, but at the same time it has a fairly low and affordable price.
Fig. 2. EtherWAN's New SmartE Switch Series
At the moment, the portfolio of the series includes 9 devices (Table 1) with various port configurations, which allows you to make a choice for a specific task. nine0048
Table 1. Nomenclature of SmartE Series Switches
As in any line, there are switches with Fast Ethernet speed and options with gigabit Uplink ports, which are implemented using SFP (Small Form-factor Pluggable - the standard for modular transceivers).
Separately, it is worth noting the simultaneous support of SFP modules with different speeds, that is, gigabit versions of SmartE switches can work with Fast and Gigabit Ethernet SFP modules (Fig.
3). nine0048
Fig. 3. Appearance and design of the SmartE switch
Switch frame
Switches of the new series are made in a standard industrial design for EtherWAN equipment (Fig. 3). Naturally, this is a rugged metal case with an IP30 degree of protection and fully conductive cooling. The switches are designed for mounting on a DIN rail. The kit comes with everything you need for installation. Also, the switch is equipped with a duplicate power supply input and has protection against polarity reversal and overcurrent. Input voltage range 12…57 VDC. There is a voltage comparator at the input, and when voltage is applied to both inputs, it automatically selects a higher value and makes this input the main one. When the voltage fails at one of the inputs or when its level drops below 12 V, the switch automatically switches to the second channel and closes the control relay. This function allows you to monitor the state of the power supply network of switches and promptly signal abnormal operation.
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Operating modes
The presence of several modes of operation is also one of the "chips" of the new series. Using the select button, you can start the switch in one of four modes (Fig. 4).
Fig. 4. Selecting the operation mode of the SmartE series switch
- Restore factory default settings
This mode is required to reset the device. Since the switches are not equipped with a console cable, this mode can make it much easier to solve problems if you accidentally set the wrong function. In this mode, all saved configuration and IP parameters are reset. nine0008 - Fixed IP operation
This mode is quite useful when you need to get emergency access to the switch without changing its configuration. In fact, when operating in this mode, the switch is available at 192.168.0.254. At the same time, the DHCP server is launched on the switch, which allows you to assign the IP address of the PC that is connected to the switch.
- Reset switch IP configuration
The mode allows you to reset the IP address of the switch to the standard 192.168.254/24. - Unmanaged switch operation
This mode is probably self-explanatory: at the output, the switch operates in unmanaged mode.
To select the operating mode after the boot phase of the switch, as soon as the LEDs of all ports turn off, you must press and hold the mode button for more than 10 seconds (step 1). The four Port 1 and Port 2 LEDs will blink, indicating that the switch is ready for mode selection. Step 2 - Select the desired mode: Briefly press the mode button. Step 3 - exit selection mode: press and hold the mode button for more than 5 seconds. nine0003
SmartE switch functions
EtherWAN has developed a new hardware platform for the new SmartE series, the performance of which is enough to solve many problems. Conceptually, this is still a non-blocking architecture operating in the “Store and Forward” mode.
But taking into account the focus of the line on a small budget, the manufacturer has identified a pool of the most popular functions that are used in small industrial networks, and equipped the switches with them. The set of supported protocols, of course, turned out to be not as rich as in the flagship lines, but it includes all the main options that are usually used to solve small local problems. But taking into account the reduction in the number of functions, their list turned out to be quite impressive. Even the name indicates that the switch is smart - “Smart” and, therefore, is capable of solving a wide variety of tasks. The switch supports VLAN (up to 32), data link aggregation, port mirroring, QoS functionality, SNMP protocol, as well as LLDP, SNTP, RMON, can work with multicast traffic (IGMP-snooping - network management protocol multicast, which organizes multiple devices into groups), filter MAC addresses, etc. At the same time, the switch supports very interesting redundancy functionality, which distinguishes this series from competitors.
Consider the redundancy of an industrial network in more detail. nine0003
Industrial redundancy with SmartE switches
If you look at the technical description of the switches of the new series, you can see support for RSTP (Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol, IEEE 802.1w), this is not surprising, as a rule, this protocol is supported by many industrial managed switches. However, the EtherWAN manufacturer, focusing on the current market realities, decided to supplement this functionality.
We all know that ring redundancy topologies are the most popular these days, and you can often see RSTP in these rings. RSTP for the ring is not the best solution, since with standard settings it is recommended to use up to 15 devices in the ring, while the recovery time can be up to 10 seconds. In fact, RSTP is not optimized for ring topologies. nine0003
When developing a new series, the manufacturer took into account the fact that 15 devices are not always enough for modern realities, even for small tasks, and a recovery time of 10 seconds is also not the best indicator.
The manufacturer slightly optimized the RSTP protocol, and the new series has support for two interesting options.
Large Tree Support ( LTS ) - the name of this function can be translated as "large tree support". With this option, it is possible to build redundant ring topologies of a larger network diameter. In other words, you can increase the ring size of LTS-enabled switches up to 57 devices. The disadvantage of this feature is that it is proprietary and can only work with switches of the new SmartE series. nine0003
Fast Ring Detection ( FRD ) - this function adds speed to the process of switching to a backup path, significantly speeding up switching to it in case of an error. When operating, a switch with FRD enabled assigns an ID to each ring. This identifier is sent to each switch in the corresponding ring. One switch can simultaneously belong to several different rings, for example, you can combine the RSTP protocol with the LTS and RTS options enabled and the regular RSTP protocol (Fig.
5). nine0048
Fig. 5. Possible redundant topologies using SmartE switches
This allows you to use and combine equipment from different manufacturers with RSTP support.
Separately, it is worth noting the recovery time: with the FRD option enabled, it will not exceed 500 ms. This value is acceptable for most general industrial tasks.
As a result, with the LTS and RTS options enabled, you can create more flexible redundant topologies of industrial networks, combine equipment from different manufacturers, while the recovery time remains at a very decent level. nine0003
SmartE application example at a public transport station
An example of the successful use of SmartE series switches is shown in Fig. 6.
Fig. 6. Application example of SmartE series switches (Ethernet network of public transport station)
SmartE switches were used to implement a multi-service data transmission network for a large station, or, as it is now also called, a public transport hub.
When implementing a network of such an object, it is necessary to ensure fault-tolerant and reliable operation of all the main elements of the station: terminals, turnstiles, control points, etc. However, the tasks that are set before the functionality of the equipment are not extremely high: there is no need to support multiple redundancy protocols, there is no need for precise time synchronization, support for highly specialized industrial protocols, etc. But at the same time, just everything you need is present in the SmartE line, from redundancy to segmentation and QoS functionality. Nevertheless, the design of the switches is industrial and, most importantly, the price remains at a low level. nine0003
Conclusion
The market for industrial managed switches has changed over the past 3-4 years. This is due to the fact that many tasks have appeared where a simple budget solution with basic functionality is needed, for example, when a simple inexpensive budget switch with basic features (VLAN, redundancy, QoS, etc.
