Home » Misc » Is cat a short or long vowel

Is cat a short or long vowel


Discover Long and Short Vowel Sounds

Posted on Aug 3, 2017

Vowels are important letters. So important, in fact, that they appear in almost every word in the English language (“rhythm” we’re looking at you…) If you’re in the process of teaching the what’s what of vowels, this long and short vowel video for kids is a must-watch.

Know your vowels

Before we get into the juicy stuff, let’s make sure everyone here knows the five vowels:

The five vowels: a, e, i, o, and u!

Got it? Great. Now things get exciting. Each vowel has not one, but two unique sounds – a long sound and a short sound.

Differentiating between the two can be a tricky concept to grasp for young kids and ESL students. Luckily, this catchy tune and fantastical clip of regurgitating frogs is a fun  and educational short and long vowel video for students.

Loooong vowel sounds

In this long vowel video, you will discover (with the help of two hungry frogs and a song that’ll get stuck in your head for days) that long vowel sounds name the letter.

To illustrate this, say “the letter A” out loud. Go on, no one’s watching. Excellent. You just used the long vowel sound. Some words that include the long vowel sound of A are acorn, snake, alien, apron, sale, play, and agent.

Now, the letter E. The long vowel sound sounds something like eee. Examples include eagle, green, cheat, peach, concrete, and theme.

Island begins with the long vowel sound of I

And the letter I. When we say, “I am the greatest human to ever set foot on planet Earth,” we are using the long vowel sound for I. Other examples are island, ice-cream, kite, idea, pilot, and pie.

Moving on to O. Oh my, oh my, the long vowel sound for O sounds like “oh”! Some more examples include oatmeal, oval, open, rose, poem, go, and yoga.

Finally, we come to U. The long vowel sound for U sounds like “you”. Words like unicorn, cube, statue, music, duty, human, and tissue use U’s long vowel sound.

Short vowel sounds

Now we introduce short vowel sounds with this short vowel video for ESL and kids. We’ll start again with the letter A.

The short vowel sound for A can be found in words like apple, attitude, cat, actually, and can.

Elephant begins with the short vowel sound of E.

E’s short vowel sound sounds a bit like eh, and features in words like elephant, exciting, excellent, and end.

Now I. Say it out loud, “inside an interesting insect is impossible information.” Nice work!

O’s short vowel sound is less like oh and more like o. Examples include ostrich, octopus, orange, moss, octagon, and bon-bon.

Last but not least, U. Words like umbrella, up, unbelievable, and gut use the short vowel sound for U.

Watch the video

 

Want all of this information in an easy to understand video designed to hold the attention of children? Watch our Long & Short Vowel Sounds Song Video right now.
 

Hey there!

Did you know that Scratch Garden has a 2nd Channel? With a growing library of more than 50 videos?

It's all true! We have created a whole other channel on Patreon! Patreon allows creators like Scratch Garden to offer a kind of membership for special fans like you. In exchange for your support, you can access monthly patron-only content like behind-the-scenes videos, Halloween and holiday videos, as well as many hilarious Blooper Videos! 

For as little as $2/month you can watch all these videos AND help support Scratch Garden to keep making great fun educational content. 

Check out our 2nd Channel to find out more!

 

« The Five W’s Video Teaches How to Tell a Story

Learn about Prepositions with our Fun Videos! »

» What’s the difference between short and long vowels?

» What’s the difference between short and long vowels?

Learning the building blocks of words - sounds, their spellings, and word parts

18 Replies

Phonics teaching materials often talk about "short" and "long" vowels, as though the latter are just extended versions of the former.

The five vowels usually called "short" are:

  • "a" as in "cat",
  • "e" as in "red",
  • "i" as in "sit",
  • "o" as in "not",
  • "u" as in "bus".

The five vowels usually called "long", and which children are told "say their (letter) name", are:

  • "a" as in "paper",
  • "e" as in "be",
  • "i" as in "find",
  • "o" as in "go",
  • "u" as in "human".

But are we talking about sounds here, or particular spellings of these sounds?

If "short" vowels are sounds (regardless of spelling), then the following are short vowels too:

  • "a" spelt as in "pl ait", "salmon", and "Fahrenheit",
  • "e" spelt as in "bread", "said", "says", "any", "leopard", "heifer", "friend", and "bury",
  • "i" spelt as in "gym", "pretty", "busy", "sieve", and "women",
  • "o" spelt as in "want", "because", and "entree",
  • "u" spelt as in "front", "young", "blood", and "does".

Following the same logic, the following are also "long" vowels:

  • "a" spelt as in "make", "rain", "say", "they", "eight", "vein", "break", "fete", "cafe", "puree", "sundae", "gauge", "gaol", and "straight".
  • "e" spelt as in "bee", "eat", "field", "these", "ski", "funny", "turkey", "protein", "marine", "paediatric", and "amoeba",
  • "i" spelt as in "like", "by", "pie", "high", "type", "bye", "bonsai", "feisty", "height", "kayak", "eye", "iron", "tae kwondo", and "naive".
  • "o" spelt as in "home", "boat", "goes", "glow", "plateau", "mould", "mauve", "though", "folk", "brooch", "owe", "sew" and "Renault".
  • "u" spelt as in "use", "few", "cue", "feud", "you", "beauty", "nuisance", "ewe", "vacuum".

Try saying "capped-caped", "dinner-diner", "bellow-below" (stressing both syllables in "below"), hopping-hoping and "cutter-cuter".

The spoken versions don't just differ by length, and the written words with "short" vowels are actually longer, due to their double letters.

The terms "short" and "long" are misleading and confusing. These vowels are not short and long versions of each other.

They're completely different vowels

If you stretch out an "a" as in cat, you don't get an "a" as in paper.

"A" as in "cat" is a low front pure vowel, and "a" as in paper is a diphthong (two vowels run together) which moves from low to high in the front of the mouth.

The same goes for the other "short-long" pairs. The long" vowel "e" as in "be" is a pure vowel, but "i" as in "find" and "o" as in "go" are both diphthongs.

The sound "u" as in "human" is actually a consonant-vowel combination ("y" as in "yes" plus "u" as in "hula"), which makes sense of the spelling of "you", but not most of its other spellings. Which part of the letter "u" in "human" is representing the "y" sound, and which part the "ooh"? For learning-spelling purposes it's counterproductive to slice it so finely. However, children will often hear the "y" and want to write it, and teachers need to know that it's not a figment of childish imaginations, there really is a "y" sound in "new" (unless you speak American English).

Why people think "short" vowels are short

The "short" vowel sounds cannot occur at the end of a syllable in English. They must be followed by a consonant.

In linguistics, they are called "checked" vowels. We actually have six of them, the other one being "u/oo" as in "put" or "good".

Since we only have five vowel letters, but we have 20 vowel sounds, we have to use syllable position and letter-combining to get a bit of clarity around which sounds we mean.

Often we use vowel combinations like ai, ee, ea, ie, oa, oo, oe and ue.

Often we use a vowel plus a letter Y, W, R or L, as in ay, ey, oy, aw, ew, ow, ar, er, ir, or, ur, and sometimes al (as in calm or walk) and ol (as in yolk).

The letters Y, W, R and L otherwise represent consonants that are quite open and vowel-like.

Well, actually, the letter Y by itself is almost always a vowel spelling (as in "by", "baby" and "gym"), but not at word beginnings, where people writing "X is for xylophone" type alphabet books tend to focus.

A doubled consonant letter (ff, ss, ll, zz etc) usually indicates that the vowel before it is a "short" vowel, i.e. it's not an open syllable, it ends with a consonant (as per the "capped-caped" etc example above).

What about the other vowels?

In the dialect I speak, there are twenty vowel sounds, not ten. The missing-in-action ones in the five-short-five-long classification are:

  • "oo" as in "good", "put", "could", "wolf".
  • "ooh" as in "moon", "flute", "chew", "soup", "hula", "blue", "fruit", "to", "lose", "shoe", "sleuth". This tends to get lumped in with "long u" as it shares some spellings and is one of the two sounds in the letter name U ("y" + "ooh").
  • "ar" as in "car", "pass", "calm", "heart", "are", "baa", "aunt", "galah" and "clerk".
  • "er" as in "her", "first", "nurse", "works", "early", "journal", "were", "masseur" and "myrtle".
  • "aw" as in "for", "saw", "more", "all", "launch", "four", "warm", "door", "walk", "bought", "caught", "board", "dinosaur", "broad", "sure" and "awesome".
  • "ou" as in "loud", "cow", "drought", "Maori", "sauerkraut" and "miaow".
  • "oy" as in "boy" and "coin".
  • "air" as in "care", "hair", "there", "bear", "parent", "aeroplane", "millionaire", "their", "prayer" and "mayor".
  • "ear" as in "deer", "hear", "fierce", "here", "bacteria", "weird" and "souvenir".
  • The unstressed vowel in words of more than one syllable, or unstressed grammatical words like "a" and "the", which can be spelt using any vowel spelling. Think of the last syllable in "butter", "actor", "collar", "sofa", "centre", "flour", "tapir", "murmur" and "picture". As long as children get a solid grounding in the other vowel spellings, they can then use this knowledge to tackle the unstressed vowel, and in their "spelling voice" say "buttER", "actOR", "collAR" etc. There is no need to teach the unstressed vowel as a separate Thing, like this (this is from a THRASS chart):

If the other 19 vowel sounds and their spellings are not all taught systematically and well, expect some students to have a lot of trouble spelling the unstressed vowel. It's what signwriters get wrong all the time.

Adults can use the terms "short vowel" and "long vowel" among ourselves if we like, but I don't think it's helpful to teach this misleading and confusing terminology to children.

Instead, we can just say the sounds ("the sound ay", "the sound oy" etc) and teach children all the main spelling patterns for each sound, systematically and explicitly, before the end of their third year of schooling. This will be extremely bad for my business, but hey, the people at school will be among the ones giving out pills in my nursing home. I want them literate.

« Reorganising high-frequency word lists

what is the difference between long and short vowels

What is the difference between long and short vowels?

Chinese Style Pork...

Please enable JavaScript

Chinese Style Pork，How to Cook Meat Tender and Lean, How to Make Caramel Sauce?

Long vowel sounds are when the letter makes the actual letter sound ; for example, when the letter A sounds like the letter A. ... Short vowel sounds occur when a letter in a word is pronounced differently than the letter sounds. For example, the letter "U" in the word "beetle" makes the sound "uh". December 2, 2019d.

How to teach to distinguish between long and short vowels?

Top Tips for Helping Children Distinguish between Short and Long Vowels

  1. Add hand movements or motions to distinguish between sounds. …
  2. Use history! …
  3. Keep it simple and use keywords. …
  4. Use sound pictures and a mirror for mouth position. …
  5. Learning closed and open syllables with a house with an opening door.

What is a short and long vowel?

When a vowel sounds with a certain letter, then is a short sound . However, when the vowel sounds like the name of a letter, the result is a long sound. The sound a vowel makes depends on its position in the word and the letters that surround it.

See also how wildfires affect communities

What is a long vowel?

A long vowel is a vowel that is pronounced the same as the name of the letter 9 itself0014 . For example, a long U sound is pronounced like "yoo", as in words like "lure" and "tube". In contrast, the short U sound is pronounced more like "uh", as in words like "cub" and "bath".

What is a short vowel?

Short vowels vowel sounds that are pronounced in short form . … They can be compared to long vowels. The word "ship" has a short sound /i/, while the equivalent long sound /i:/ gives the word "sheep". Students need practice in distinguishing and pronouncing short and long vowels. nine0007

Is cat a short or long vowel?

When a vowel occurs alone between two consonants, we can expect the short vowel sound. In the word "cat" c-a-t, the vowel a is between two consonants, "c" and "t". Therefore, it is not surprising that the word "cat" is pronounced with the sound /æ/ (/æ/).

How do you use long and short vowels?

The basic rules for when to use them and when to use "long" vowels apply to all five of them. When syllables end in a vowel and then a consonant (as in the examples above), vowel usually short . If a vowel is followed by more than one consonant, it is almost always short.

What is the difference between a long me and a short me?

The short i makes the vowel most commonly associated with a letter, as seen in bit, clip, hid, and tip. That long i sound makes the sound of the name The letter in question, as seen from biting, hiding, seeing and power.

Is dog a short or long vowel?

These sounds are long sound (long o), as in the word most, and the sound av (sound av), as in the word dog.

What words have long vowels?

Long vowels

  • Long mist - baby, cake, rain, day, they, weigh.
  • Long e - me, eve, hear, meet, piece, sweetie.
  • Long i - quiet, cycling, bright, mine.
  • Long o - go, home, sock, boat, snow.
  • Long y - music, mule, bench, enmity.

How do you know if a vowel is long?

Explanation of basic spelling rules

  1. Short vowel rule: When monosyllabic words have a vowel in the middle, the vowel usually has a short sound. …
  2. Two vowels together: when two vowels are next to each other, the first vowel is usually long (the sound is the same as the sound of the letter) and the second vowel is silent.

What is an example of a short vowel?

Short vowels can be represented by a curved symbol above the vowel: ă, ĕ, ĭ, ŏ, ŭ. Long vowels can be represented by a horizontal line above the vowel: ā, ē, ī, ō, ū. Here are some examples of short vowels: in, egg, it, bull, up . Here are some examples of long vowels: ate, each, ice, oak, good.

How to learn long vowels?

13 Awesome Ways to Learn Long Vowels

  1. Say three words with a long vowel. (...
  2. Ask: what vowel sound do you hear? ...
  3. Write each word you said on the board: lake, bucket, hay.
  4. Underline the long digraph A - lake, bucket, hay.
  5. Explain that there are different ways to write a long A sound.

See also how wide the continental shelf is at Cape May.

be is a long vowel?

Is hot a short vowel?

There are 7 "short" vowels, although children are usually introduced to only 5 that are most often heard in simple CVC words (consonant, vowel, consonant): /a, (æ)/ in cat, /e, (e) / in a peg, /i,(I)/ in a pin, /o,(ɒ)/ hot, /u,(ʌ)/ in a bus. nine0007

What is the difference between short vowels and long vowels in Arabic?

Damma is an apostrophe-like form written over the consonant that precedes it in pronunciation. It represents the short vowel u (like the "u" in "but"). Vav is a long vowel ū (like the "oo" in "moon").

How to tell if a vowel is long or short?

Vowels at a glance

Short vowels occur when a letter is not pronounced as it sounds. Long vowels are is created by putting two vowels together or ending a word with an "E". . “Short vowels occur when a vowel is next to a consonant.

Flag short a or long a?

CVC are words that begin with a consonant followed by a vowel and then a consonant (examples: cat, bet, beetle). Words start with a simple CVC pattern and progress to words with more than one consonant at the beginning or end of a word (examples: flag (CCVC), gone (CVCC), etc.). hence make a long sound .

Is it a short vowel?

How to teach a child to read long vowels?

Is rain a long or short vowel?

Vowel sounds can be long or short. Long vowels can be formed by a single letter or a digraph (two letters form one sound). The sound in the apple is a short vowel sound. Then the sound "ay" in the rain is a long vowel sound .

What are short vowels in words?

Short "A" words

What is long A?

Long a, traditional English vowel name : see Vowel length § Traditional long and short vowels in English orthography. letter A.

How many vowels are there in English?

14 vowels Every language has vowels, but languages ​​differ in the number of vowels used. While we learn A, E, I, O, U, and sometimes Y, it is believed that English, depending on the speaker and dialect, at least 14 vowels .

What are the vowels called?

Monophthongs and diphthongs . Simple vowels are called monophthongs. Letters such as /ɪ/ are the IPA letters for every vowel sound in English. (IPA is the International Phonetic Alphabet).

What example do short and long vowels give in Arabic words?

As an example, we use the Arabic word for seat, which is pronounced juluus. Between the letters "j" and "l" is a short vowel u, and between "l" and "s" is a long uu. nine0014 . The long vowel yy is a combination of the short vowel y and the letter vav. Usually the short vowel y is not written.

Which words have all 5 vowels?

Yunoya , consisting of six letters, is the shortest word in the English language that contains all five basic vowels. Seven-letter words with this property include adoulie, douleia, eucosia, eulogia, eunomia, eutopia, miaoed, moineau, sequoia, and suoidea. (The scientific name iouea is a genus of fossil sponges from the Cretaceous period.)

How to teach short and long vowels to children?

Is soap a short vowel?

Children make up new words with the sound "o" by changing the first letter in the word.

How do you describe short and long vowels?

What are long words?

A vowel is considered long if this vowel is read as its name. , like the A in "target" and "enable". The vowel is short when it is not, as with the A in "archery" and "bar". If English is not your first language, you can practice recognizing long and short vowels by putting ...

What is short a?

Long and short vowels for children: A E I O U | Children's Academy for the Study of English Grammar

The difference between short vowels and long sounds | What are short and long vowels?

Comprehension of short and long vowels

Long vowels and short vowels || Vowel Sounds || English grammar || Telugu

what are short vowels

What are short vowels? nine0005

Short vowels vowel sounds that are pronounced in short form . In English RP, short vowels are pet, pot, put, putt, pat, and pit, as well as schwa. They can be compared to long vowels. … Students need practice in distinguishing and pronouncing short and long vowels.

What are the 7 short vowels?

Chinese Style Pork. ..

Please enable JavaScript

Chinese Style Pork，How to Cook Meat Tender and Lean, How to Make Caramel Sauce? nine0007

There are 7 "short" vowels, although children are usually introduced to only 5 that are most commonly heard in simple CVC (consonant, vowel, consonant) words: /a,( æ )/ in cat, /e,( e)/ in a peg, /i,(I)/ in a pin, /o,(ɒ)/ hot, /u,(ʌ)/ in a bus.

What is an example of a short vowel?

Short vowels can be represented by a curved symbol above the vowel: ă, ĕ, ĭ, ŏ, ŭ. Long vowels can be represented by a horizontal line above the vowel: ā, ē, ī, ō, ū. Here are some examples of short vowels: in, egg, it, bull, up . Here are some examples of long vowels: ate, each, ice, oak, good.

What are the 5 short vowels?

5 short vowels:

  • short a: /æ/ cat.
  • short e: /ɛ/ bed.
  • short i: /ɪ/ sit.
  • short o: /ɑ/ top.
  • short y: /ʌ/ sun.

See also why geographers use maps

What are short and long vowels? nine0005

A long vowel is a vowel sound that is pronounced the same as the name of the letter itself. For example, is a long sound. Y is pronounced "yoo", as is the case with the words "lure" and "tube". In contrast, the short U sound is pronounced more like "uh", as in words like "cub" and "bath".

How to learn short vowel sounds?

Learning short vowels: perfect practice makes perfect!

  1. First, make sure you learn the correct sound for each vowel. … nine0024
  2. Use picture clues and keywords to identify the correct vowel. …
  3. Use hand signals for each vowel. …
  4. Give students the opportunity to practice short vowels frequently.

How to identify a short vowel?

Short vowels occur when a letter is not pronounced as it sounds. Long vowels are formed by adding two vowels or ending the word with the letter "E". ‘Short vowels happen when the vowel is next to the consonant .

What is the short vowel rule?

Short vowel rule: When monosyllabic words have a vowel in the middle, the vowel usually has a short sound. . … If there is an f, l or s after a vowel, that letter is often doubled.

Which words have all 5 vowels?

Yunoya , consisting of six letters, is the shortest word in the English language that contains all five basic vowels. Seven-letter words with this property include adoulie, douleia, eucosia, eulogia, eunomia, eutopia, miaoed, moineau, sequoia, and suoidea. (The scientific name iouea is a genus of fossil sponges from the Cretaceous period.)

Is the machine a short vowel?

There is great power in words, because if you change the first letter {beginning}, you can write thousands of words! *Note: There are a few additional patterns on the short vowel page that are not exactly short vowels , such as the car, the ball, and her, just to name a few.

Is an apple a short vowel?

The short vowel for A can be found in words like apple, relation, cat, actually can. nine0007

How many short vowels are there in English?

five short vowels 5 short vowels

Then five short vowels the sounds in English are a, e, i, o and u. Remember that these sounds do not necessarily indicate spelling. Note that the words above all contain the vowel they produce, but this is not always the case.

What is a vowel and an example?

The definition of a vowel is a letter denoting a speech sound pronounced with the vocal tract open, in particular letters A, E, I, O, U . The letter "A" is an example of a vowel. … A letter (as a, e, i, o, u, and sometimes y) or a letter or symbol representing such a sound.

What are short vowel patterns?

A short vowel is often found in a monosyllabic word. is spelled with one vowel . C-V-C, or Consonant-Vowel-Consonant, is a common short vowel pattern. C-V-C-C, or Consonant-Vowel-Consonant-Consonant, is another common short vowel pattern. nine0007

What is the vowel for kindergarten?

A vowel is a special type of speech sound produced by a change in the shape of the upper vocal tract or the area above the tongue in the mouth. … These letters are vowels in English: A, E, I, O, U and sometimes Y . Y is said to "sometimes" be a vowel because the letter Y represents both vowels and consonants.

How to explain a short vowel to a child?

Why are short vowels important?

Short vowels are learned first. nine0013 because they have more correct sounds than other words . They are mostly just three-letter words, which is useful for students who are just learning to decipher words.

See also why the number of trophic levels is limited

Is a short vowel heard?

Words such as "read", for example, are pronounced as long vowel when the tense is present. For example: "We are reading this list of short vowels."

What are examples of vowel sounds?

Examples of vowels

  • /i:/, as in "I", "these", "should" and "be".
  • /ɪ/ as in "with", "this", "if", and "think".
  • /ʊ/ as in "put", "will", "look", and "woman".
  • /u:/ as in k, you, new, and who.

Is Zip a short vowel?

In the case of "zip" "i" is short . If it is not followed by a consonant, such as "no" or "he", the vowel is long. nine0007

What are 2 vowels called together?

Vowel digraphs

Sometimes two vowels together form a new sound. This is called diphthong .

How to explain vowels?

The alphabet consists of 26 letters, 5 of which are vowels (a, e, u, o, y), and the rest are consonants. A vowel is a sound that is produced by breathing out of the mouth without covering any part of the mouth or throat.

Which words have only vowels?

All-vowel words (found in major English dictionaries) include AA (lava type), AE, AI, AIEEE, IAO, OII, EAU, EUOUAE, OE, OO, I, O, A, IO, and UOIAUAI , the last of which is the longest vowel-only word (seven letters).

Which word has all 26 letters?

English pangram is a sentence that contains all 26 letters of the English alphabet. The most famous English pangram is probably "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog." My favorite pangram: "Surprisingly few discotheques offer jukeboxes." nine0007

Cake is a short vowel?

A long vowel is the same as the name of the vowel itself. Follow these rules: Long A is AY, like in a cake. . The long sound E is EE an in the sheet.

Short or long vowel at home?

Long vowel Words

See also How many cells does a unicellular organism have?

Long e - me, eve, hear, meet, piece, sweetie. Long i - quiet, cycling, light, mine. Long o - go home, sock, boat, snow. nine0007

Is rope a long or short vowel?

When a syllable ends in a silent "e", the silent "e" signals that the vowel before it is long . Examples: "make, generate, kite, rope and use". 8. When there are two vowels together in a syllable, the first vowel is usually long and the second quiet.

Does the egg have a short e sound?

The short "e" is the sound that the letter "e" makes in the words "egg", "leg" and "wet". It is pronounced like "e" (as opposed to words like "meeting", "tea" or "key" which contain long "e" sounds pronounced like "and"). nine0007

Does the umbrella have a short Y sound?

Then a short "u" sound says "uh ", as in "umbrella" and "beetle". On the other hand, the long "y" sound is a little less common. It can be heard in words like "huge". When teaching phonetics, start with short vowels first.

Is the ant a short sound?

Short Word Wheel

When you turn the wheel, words containing a short "a" sound appear, including cat, hat, axe, rat, mask, ham, bag, apple, ant, bank, man, and hand . nine0007

What are the twenty vowels?

There are 20 vowels in English. IPA short vowels : /ɪ/ - pit, /e/ - pet, /æ/ - pat, /ʌ/ - cut, /ʊ/ - put, /ɒ/ - dog, /ə/ - o. Long vowels in IPA: /i:/-week, /ɑ:/-hard, /ɔ:/-fork, /ɜ:/-heard, /u:/-boot.

What is the significance of the vowel sound?

A vowel is the sound of syllabic speech pronounced without any vocal tract strictures . Vowels are one of the two main classes of speech sounds, the other being the consonant. ... The word "vowel" comes from the Latin "vocalis", meaning "vocal" (that is, referring to the voice). nine0007

What is the short i sound?

The short “and” sound, which is the vowel sound in the word “strike” and “big” is an important sound for new readers. Start with words that have a short "and" first, such as "igloo" or "iguana", so your child can hear the "and" sound clearly.

How do you pronounce a short vowel?

The most common way: one vowel in a closed syllable usually produces a short sound.

Learn more