Pre reading strategies pdf

Pre-Reading Strategies To Boost Kids’ Reading Comprehension

What Are Pre-Reading Strategies?

Pre-reading strategies are learning approaches designed to help give your child structure, guidance, and background knowledge before they begin exploring a new text. 

These strategies target your child’s reading comprehension skills by giving them the tools they need to become active, successful readers. 

By activating the knowledge your child already has about certain subjects, learning how to utilize context clues, and talking with you about the book, they’ll be on their way to reading and writing scholarly essays in no time!

Basic Pre-Reading Strategies

As the name suggests, pre-reading strategies are used before you begin reading a book with your child. There are a few main strategies you can use to help your child prepare to dive into any story. Let’s take a look!

Previewing

By this, we don’t mean Googling the movie-adaptation trailer (although that might be a fun way to compare and contrast the text later on!).  

Previewing means letting your child gather clues — from the book’s title and cover illustrations, inside illustrations, and maybe the table of contents for older children — to try to figure out what might happen or what they might learn in a book they are about to hear or read.   

Purpose

If you have time, it’s always great to put aside a moment for mindfulness before reading with your child. Talk with them about what reading goals they still want to achieve. 

Do they still need help with longer words (pronunciation)? Do they want to work on their character voices (expression)? Getting their input will help you both come together to set a goal — or purpose — for your reading time.

Predictions

Using the resources available to your child, see if they can make predictions about what might happen in the story before they get a chance to read anything. 

What information can they gather just using the title, cover, and illustrations? Then you both might continue predicting as the story unfolds.  

8 Pre-Reading Activities To Try At Home

1) Speaking In Questions

This is a fun activity that helps your child become more insightful about the text they’re reading while letting them be silly, too! The goal here is for your child to investigate the things they want to know, might know, or aren’t sure about just by looking at the cover of the text. 

We know you probably use the question-and-answer format quite a bit in your reading routine, so this offers your child a nice change of pace. Instead of you asking the questions, they get to ask, too! 

These questions can be silly or straightforward. For example, if you’re reading Goldilocks and The Three Bears, you could start the question conversation by asking your child, “Why do you think her name is Goldilocks?”

Your child might ask back, “Why do these bears live in a house?” See how many questions you can come up with. 

It’s OK if these questions are not answered right away. Most of them will probably be answered once you’ve finished reading the book! Any that go unaddressed can always be answered afterward.

2) K-W-L-H Chart

This pre-reading activity was invented and made famous by Donna Ogle back in the 1980s. The different letters in K-W-H-L charts represent different tasks for your child to complete with you.

The “K” column is reserved for things your child already knows about the subject of a book or its story. The key here is activating and then reflecting on their prior knowledge. For example, if they’re reading Charlotte’s Web, what do they already know about pigs and spiders?

The “W” category is for what your child wants to know about the story. What are they curious about? 

The “L” (what they learned from the story) and “H” columns (how they can find out more ) are reserved for discussing after you’ve finished reading. 

The last row, how they can find out more, is more important in nonfiction than fiction — although after reading Charlotte’s Web, you could find out more about spiders by seeking out a nonfiction book.   

While this exercise is traditionally completed by writing their answers down on a chart, we think it’s more fun to get physical with it!

For example, you could make a book review video to share with family members! First, challenge yourselves to come up with at least six Ks and  6 Ws, three from each of you. 

Next, make a video that begins by naming the book you are reading, followed by announcing the things you know and the things you want to know. When you are finished with the book, video what you learned and where you can go to learn more. 

You can even create a special book-video library of your KWLH experiences!

3) Pre-Teach Vocabulary

If you know that the book you’ll be reading together will challenge your child’s current reading skills, consider teaching them a handful of the more challenging words ahead of your reading time. 

We love a good old-fashioned game of (reverse) Charades for this pre-reading activity. To start, you might write out the word you want your child to learn on a large sheet of paper. Make sure to use bold, thick letters!

Then, try and act out the definition of the word for your child. Based on your impeccable acting skills, they can guess the definition of this new word!

4) Pre-Teach Themes

Many children’s books set out to teach children more than new words. They usually have moral lessons embedded in their pages as well. 

For example, themes might include things like the power of friendship in Charlotte’s Web or courage in a book about Martin Luther King, Jr.

To get your child’s mind focused on the theme of the book, you could prompt them by discussing the same moral lesson. See what their initial opinion is about it. Do they have a strong sense of it already, or do they want to learn more?

Reading the book can either confirm or change their opinion. And then you have something to talk about when you’re finished reading! 

5) Word Bingo

This game is another great option for getting your child’s mind prepped to learn vocabulary or to brush up on sight words they need a little extra help with.  

If you’d like to try this pre-reading activity, create a Bingo sheet for each of you using words from the text before your reading time. Every time you or your child hears or sees a word that matches one on your sheet, place a sticker on it. 

The first one to yell out, “Bingo!” wins.

6) Sentence Obstacle Course

This pre-reading activity is great for encouraging your child’s comprehension and sentence formulation. The stronger grasp they have on learning how to construct words into sentences, the faster they’ll adjust to the flow and structure of stories.

For this exercise, we suggest writing down several words on individual sheets of paper. Make sure you include all the components of a typical sentence — nouns, adjectives, objects, and verbs. Only include one word per piece of paper.

Next, scatter the words on the ground. We suggest adopting the “the floor is lava” rule! Your child will need to hop to different words to combine them into a sentence.  

For example, they could “write”: The (jump) cat (jump) is (jump) red. If you want them to work on their punctuation, you could include that, too!

7) Anticipation Vs. Reality

This method will help take some of those preliminary questions you and your child came up with and figure out what happens in the end!

For this game, you can play while reading or beforehand. If you want to make guesses about what will happen in the story before reading, make sure you jot them down on a piece of paper to keep track of who made the most correct guesses.

If you want to play during the story, you can ask questions to prompt your child before turning to a new page. For every correct guess they make about what happens next in the story, they earn a tally point. 

The goal is for your child to get as many points as they can!

8) Origin Story

For children who seem to show an interest in history, this might be the perfect pre-reading activity.

There are so many things you can learn from books just from discovering a little bit about their backgrounds. For example, tons of writers pull from their real lives for inspiration to write their books. 

Finding out about an author’s life in the author’s blurb and maybe even searching out more information either before or after reading can be a learning adventure all on its own!  

To do this activity, work with your child to see what you can find out about the story you’ll be reading (without spoiling the ending!). What you can learn based on the author, where they are from, where the story is based, its historical period, and its subject matter?

This helps your child build additional knowledge and gets them prepared for the story ahead!

Pre-Reading Strategies For The Win

Pre-reading strategies are all about getting your child prepared for the reading journeys to come. We hope these eight ideas will help you both have interesting, exciting conversations about books and where they can take you!

And if you ever need a little helping hand in the meantime, check out our personalized Learn & Grow App for reading exercises and adventures that will keep your child entertained, energized, and learning!

Author

The Effect of Pre-reading Activities on the Reading Comprehension Performance of Ilami High School Students

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sciencedirect. com

How to read articles in English. Effective reading strategies

March 25, 2014 Tags: reading, teaching aids, Upper-Intermediate level, free materials

Have you tried reading articles from English-language magazines? I I mean serious articles from serious journals like New Scientist?

Is it difficult? Still would! Not the easiest topics, not the easiest vocabulary.

And yet - reading articles from English magazines is very exciting and useful. And if you can argue with fascination (for taste and color, like said), the benefits are undeniably huge. Approximately as from morning exercises)) Only for the mind.

But how to read articles in English if everything is so complicated there? How to get through the jungle of unfamiliar words? Complex wording?

I will make you happy)) Everything is not so scary! Today I'll show you some hacks effective reading strategies. How to read serious (but interesting!) articles from English magazines and not go crazy?))

Take, for example, a New Scientist article about that our personal information no longer belongs to us.

I must say right away that it makes sense to start reading such articles not earlier than Intermediate, but better than Upper-Intermediate.

If you really want, you can, of course, at the initial levels. But I warn you, it will be difficult. I sometimes introduce students to the beautiful and on Pre-Intermediate and even Elementary, but a completely different work is needed there, quite a different approach.

So how do you read magazine articles in English?

Effective strategies readings

Superficial reading

First, let's take a look at the entire article. Let's look at:

• heading
• subheading
• subheadings within the article
• short excerpts from the text
• pictures and illustrations (if any)
  

In principle, this is already enough to understand the main topic of the article.

Now, to be sure, let's look at the beginning of each paragraph. For what? First, to test our first guesses. Second, to understand how the article is organized, according to what logic.

The article can be downloaded and worked on. Or you can just run through the eyes of this post and learn nothing))

So, read the beginning of each paragraph. What details did you find out?

That's about it. Congratulations. You don't have to read further))

If you collect all this into a single whole - and there are more than these pieces than enough - the main content of the article is obtained. And we already know where what information to look for.

I think this reading strategy is one of the most useful and effective. Saves a lot of time and gives results.

Careful reading

Well, now, if you want to delve into the details, you can read the article carefully, thoughtfully.

If there are too many unfamiliar words in the text , perhaps more early to read New Scientist)) Practice English and expand your vocabulary.

For those cases when there are just a lot of unfamiliar words , there are another useful reading strategy. With every unfamiliar word you have to decide how important it is to understand.

"What we see is this commercial surveillance industry that has sprung up in the last decade and a half," says Peter Eckersley.

However, many of us seem untroubled by the intrusion.

We only care about revealing private details when it has undesirable consequences.

Here, for example, I have marked words that may be unfamiliar to us. And what?

sprung up - it is clear from the context that this is something from the "appeared" series

untroubled - most likely, I know the word trouble , and I can put its derivatives into the context

intrusion - something about this whole problem, described in the article

revealing - it is clear from the context, this is something similar to show or give

Of the 6 unfamiliar words, only two really need to be checked: surveillance and consequences . And still not a fact about consequences ))

Well, if there are almost no unfamiliar words in the text , I sincerely Congratulations. Either you have already read this article with me in the lesson, or you are advanced English language user))

Before the second reading, I highly recommend jotting down questions answers to which you would like to know from the article. And then read. So you don't just read, but a little more meaningful and purposeful.

I also highly recommend mentally (or even in writing!) Formulate for yourself the main idea of ​​each paragraph.

Links within text (Referencing)

In addition to content and vocabulary, pay attention to links inside the text. What I mean?

A wide variety of pronouns and other words that are not name an object, but refer to an early (or subsequent) mention of it. This one of the means of coherence of the text. Without understanding how the text is arranged, it happens very difficult to understand it.

For example:

Links within the text (referencing, pronoun referencing) - an important feature of any text on any language, but it is especially prominent in journal articles. Why?

Because articles are written in the most concise language in limited space. This magazine space needs to be squeezed in as many ideas as possible. Hence the density of text coherence means.

So, again:

Effective reading strategies

Superficial viewing

Begin with the main idea of ​​the article. Read the headlines subheadings, callouts; look at illustrations. State what the article is about.

Read the beginning of each paragraph. Understand organization text (content) and main thoughts.

Formulate questions to which you would like answers in the article

Careful reading

Read the text more carefully a second time. understand for yourself the thought/purpose of each paragraph. Find answers to your questions. Or not find it))

Under no circumstances should you check every word in the dictionary. Where perhaps guess the meaning of unfamiliar words from the context.

Check the most important unfamiliar words (or those that especially liked). Learn more about how to use the English explanatory dictionary.

Pay attention to links within text (for example, pronouns)

And if you want to dig deeper, download the tasks for this text and do it.

In tasks:

• questions for the article
• some useful vocabulary (not all unfamiliar words and expressions, but those that are useful for discussing the article)
• interesting metaphors and idioms (set expressions)
• some grammar - one that is very common in this article (more than ten times there is a "hidden" passive voice here. Not be scared!)))

We do all these tasks with students, so it's checked! Works!

Then download the answers and check yourself. It is in this order, not vice versa)))

And if you are a teacher, you already have ready-made exercises and assignments for an article from New Scientist. Download and use!))

This article fits perfectly into such topics from textbooks:

- Shopping
- Consumerism
- Advertising
- Technologies
- Surveillance

The students and I read the article on the topic We're being watched from the textbook Speakout Upper-Intermediate. Read more about Speakout.

Of course, there are a lot of other interesting things in this article from New Scientist, but if we consider it in very much detail, we will have to read and discuss it forever))

Do you use these reading strategies? Or always read texts in detail and thoughtfully?

What other effective reading strategies do you know?

Share in the comments!

Author: Daria Maslovskaya

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