Prepositional phrase kids
How to Teach Prepositional Phrases—Free Activity – The Joy of Teaching
Prepositions, despite seeming confusing and complex to students, are actually some of the most commonly used words in the English language and are an important steppingstone in developing students’ descriptive writing!
Prepositions have a lot of different functions, such as describing movement, time, place, manner, means, or possession. Prepositional phrases expand the job of prepositions into modifying verbs, nouns, or adjectives in greater detail. Once students understand the function and importance of prepositions and prepositional phrases, their writing fluency will increase, and they’ll be able to write more descriptively and in more detail.
Examples of PrepositionsExamples of Prepositions
The basic prepositions that we use most often are:
- to
- of
- in
- for
- on
- with
- at
- by
- from
- above
The main function of these prepositions is to show the relationship between two words in a sentence. For example:
- The table by the window. By, in this sentence, describes the table in relation to the window. It connects the window and the table and adds direction and detail to the sentence.
The words listed above are used in many of our sentences without us realizing it. Notice how many prepositions are used in the previous sentence! They’re everywhere in our language, but how do we teach that to students? Check out some of the activities below.
Beginning Prepositional PhrasesA prepositional phrase is a preposition followed by a noun, pronoun, or noun group. Some examples of this are:
- I went to the store. “To” is the preposition, and “to the store” is the prepositional phrase.
In addition to the prepositions listed above, some other beginning prepositions are:
- across
- behind
- below
- beneath
- near
These prepositions describe position and movement, which is an easy way for students to remember them.
- The plane is below the clouds.
- The river is beneath the bridge.
Evan-Moor’s Language Fundamentals (grades 1–6) is a resource that focuses on teaching the basics of the English language, such as nouns, pronouns, adjectives, and prepositions! Using practice pages, students will learn about each concept and then put it to practice.
Here are some examples of the beginning preposition workbook pages:
Download this free introduction to prepositions worksheet from Language Fundamentals.
Advanced Prepositional Phrases
There are other prepositions that can sometimes be more difficult for students to remember. Though they are more advanced, they still function the same as beginning prepositions and serve similar purposes like movement, means, or manner. Here are some examples:
- against
- according
- between
- during
- except
- past
- since
- through
- toward
More advanced prepositions also sometimes use multiple prepositions in one phrase.
This is called a complex prepositional phrase. For example:
- The store is across from the gas station.
- According to the news, it will snow today.
There are also adjectival and adverbial prepositional phrases, which use nouns, prepositions, objects, and adjectives to add more detail and description to a sentence. Here is an example:
- The car across the street is purple.
The car is the noun, across the street is the prepositional phrase, and purple is the adjective. Prepositions are often used in a sentence like this to help modify nouns.
Language Fundamentals also covers more advanced prepositions, as well as adjectival and adverbial prepositional phrases. Here are some examples of the lessons students use to practice advanced prepositions:
5 Hands-on Preposition Activities
In addition to worksheets and practice sentences, there are many hands-on activities to help students understand prepositions! These can be done in the classroom, at home, or during online learning!
Simon Says Prepositions Game
- Each student needs a cup (plastic or one from home) and a small toy, like a car or plastic bear.
- Using directional prepositional phrases (below, next to, under, on top of, etc.) call out commands Simon Says style.
- For example: “Simon Says the toy is behind the cup.” Students must follow suit until you have a winner!
- You can also practice writing sentences by having students place the toy and then write a sentence describing its position.
Preposition Scavenger Hunt
- Hide an object in the classroom or at home, then give clues (or have your students give you clues), but they can only use prepositions.
- For example: The object is under the desk. The desk is next to the window.
- Challenge your students to give descriptive clues or make it a rule that the searchers can’t move unless they get a clue. This activity is fun for students and practices prepositional phrases.
Preposition Pictionary
- All you need for this simple and fun activity is drawing paper and pens or a whiteboard and markers.
- Read a prepositional phrase, like “The dog is next to the cat.”
- Have students draw the picture to match the sentence.
- Now reverse it! Draw a picture for the class, like a car on top of a bridge.
- Students must write a sentence describing the picture!
Preposition Board Games
- Adapt one of your favorite board games to use prepositions for movement! This can be done with a variety of board games, but the easiest may be Candy Land.
- Instead of pulling color block cards for movement, write a series of cards that have directional prepositions on them (before, after, between, in front of, behind, across, below, above).
- Students will pull a preposition card, for example, behind, and then a color card! If they pull behind and purple, they move to whatever color is behind the nearest purple. If they pull a between card, they pull two color cards and move to a space between those two cards.
Square Movement Game
- Using an outdoor space (this is a great activity for in-person, distanced learning) mark out squares using tape or chalk. Model it after a chess or checkerboard.
- Have students each pick a square.
- Call out prepositional commands, for example: Move to the square in front of you! Skip to the square across from you.
- To make this more fun and active, label each square with an exercise, like jumping jacks, star jumps, or toe touches.
Using the activities, workbooks, and resources provided, prepositions can be easy and fun for students. Mastering prepositions is the next step in improving writing fluency and allows students to be more descriptive in their writing for all subjects!
For more grammar and punctuation tips check out: How to Teach Grammar and Punctuation: Commas.
Christine Wooler has experience working with children as a youth soccer coach and summer camp counselor.
She is currently studying English Literature and journalism in college. She enjoys exploring educational topics that help students have fun while learning.
Categories: Uncategorized | Tags: Daily Language Review, Evan moor language, grammar activities, grammar games, grammar lessons, language lessons, prepositions, teaching grammar | Permalink
A Helpful Guide, Plus Fun Activities
If you’re like most parents, then you’re probably very busy with an endless to-do list. This can make it challenging to help your child with prepositions for kids.
Before you start worrying about your child’s language and vocabulary development, fear not! We are here to help.
Our HOMER experts know a thing or two about helping children understand the parts of speech, and today, we’ll be focusing on prepositions. To be specific, we’ve compiled a detailed guide for you.
Without further ado, let’s get started.
What Are Prepositions?
Prepositions as the linking words in a sentence that help express relationships between other words in that sentence.
Under and inside are prepositions we commonly use in the English language to describe where something is. Besides indicating position, prepositions also help describe when something is happening (before and after, for instance).
In a sentence, prepositions are meant to be followed by a noun, pronoun, or noun phrase (e.g., the door, an apple, etc.) that acts as an object. For instance: “Put the apple on… ” is not a full idea because the preposition “on” needs an object after it (“Put the apple on the table.”).
We’ve mentioned that most prepositions express time and location. So, let’s have a closer look at that.
Prepositions For Time
Some of the most common prepositions for time are at, on, by, and after.
For example:
- Our class will start at 4 pm.
- We are going to the park on Friday.
- I’ll be home by midday.
- We’ll drive home after the game.
Prepositions For Location
A few prepositions you might regularly use to indicate location are under, on, in, and above.
For example:
- Place your book under the table.
- The dog is sitting on a chair.
- Your crayons are in your bag.
- The plane flies above the clouds.
Sometimes, it can be challenging for children to grasp the concept of prepositions entirely, but with practice and some of the below tips, your child will soon get there!
Before you can incorporate our tips for helping your child with prepositions for kids, they must be at the right age to start learning this concept.
When Do Children Learn About Prepositions?
Babies pick up a lot of their language from their parents, siblings, and caretakers. By 24 months, toddlers commonly use the prepositions “on” and “in.”
In early grades, prepositions are formally introduced.
Typically, this would be after third or fourth grade. This is because, unlike verbs or nouns, prepositions are not as easy to understand.
From one of the examples above, we described how “on” can have different meanings. There are also the prepositions “to,” “for,” and “of,” which have various functions in sentences. All of this can be challenging for our young learners.
During toddlerhood and early childhood, teaching prepositions for kids is about exposure more than anything. One of the best ways to help children understand prepositions is by encouraging them to carry out instructions that have prepositions in them.
For example, you might say, “Please put this book on the table.” Simple instructions like this are often effective in helping familiarize children with prepositions.
Importance Of Prepositions For Kids
Why are prepositions so important for kids to understand? Why put so much time and effort into helping your child grasp these simple words? Let’s take a look.
Better Communication
One of the biggest benefits of helping your kid know prepositions is that it will help them communicate better.
As already explained, prepositions can be tricky to understand. While these words may be few and pretty short, using them correctly can make a big difference in communication.
Helping your child with prepositions from a young age can enable them to grasp the concept early, practice them often, and know how to use them correctly as they begin constructing sentences.
Improved Ability To Follow Directions
When your child understands prepositions, it will be easier for them to carry out instructions independently. For example, “Please place your crayons in the box” will not be mistaken for “Please place your crayons behind the box.”
Whether it’s in, on, behind, against, or beneath, your child will be clear on what they need to do and confidently do so.
How To Teach Prepositions For Kids
1) Read About It
Sometimes the best place to start with teaching children prepositions (or anything else) is through books.
If your child is like most kids, then they already love listening to you read stories to them, so this is an easy one!
There are tons of books online that you can read to help introduce your child to prepositions and how they work. The following are a few great books for kids aged 2-6 years old:
- Where’s Spot?
- Rosie’s Walk
- Up, Down, and Around
- The Berenstain Bears Inside Outside Upside Down
- Hide-and-Seek: A First Book of Position Words
2) Choose The Missing Word
Once your child has a basic understanding of prepositions, it’s time to test their knowledge (but in a fun and easy way!).
Start by writing a simple sentence and leaving out the preposition. Read the sentence to them and give them a few options to see which word works best in the blank spot.
For example, you can write down, “I have dance lessons _ Tuesday,” and then give your child three possible options (in, on, under).
It can be great practice to help your child consider each option before deciding on one.
Ask them, “Can I have dance lessons in Tuesday?” or “Can I have dance lessons under Tuesday?”
This questioning and taking the time to think about every option can help your child understand why “on” is the correct answer. It can also make the game silly and fun (“We can’t sit under the floor!”)
3) Fix The Strange Sentence
This fun activity works similarly to the previous one, except this time, you’ll write and read a sentence with an incorrect preposition, and then ask them to fix it.
Using the example above (“I have dance lessons in Tuesday”), what sounds funny about this sentence? In this example, your child will need to recognize that “in” is the problem and suggest what word should be used instead.
4) Expand A Sentence
Earlier, we mentioned that prepositions are the linking words that express position, time, and other functions in sentences.
A great way to help your child understand this is by helping them use prepositions with simple sentences.
To get started, you can say an incomplete sentence, and then encourage your child to complete it. For example, you can begin with, “There is some juice…” Your child will then complete this with “…in the fridge.”
If they are still new to prepositions, kids will probably make a few mistakes. That’s OK! This is the perfect opportunity to help them learn and grow their vocabulary!
5) Musical Chairs With A Twist
Everyone enjoys playing musical chairs, so we thought it would be a great way to help kids learn about prepositions — with a bit of a twist, of course! All you need for this activity is some fun music, a chair, and an energetic child.
To begin, play the music and allow your child to walk clockwise around the chair (just like the traditional musical chairs).
The major difference is when you stop the music suddenly, your child will need to act out what you say. For example, sit behind the chair, under it, beside it, etc. You can even add to the fun with other instructions, like tapping on the chair or waving to the chair.
6) Sing-Along
You’ve probably heard your child singing along to their favorite songs before (they might even request them on the drive home).
If your child loves singing, why not use this to help them understand prepositions? All you need is a catchy tune (think of a song your child will already be familiar with, like “Row, Row, Row Your Boat”) and some instructions to go along with the song.
With a silly song, simple sentences, like, “Sit on the couch,” “Sit behind the couch,” etc., become much more fun and exciting for your child to engage with while learning.
7) Place The Toy…
Sometimes the best way to help your child understand prepositions is by physically placing a toy in different places.
To help your child get excited about this activity, use their favorite teddy bear or toy and then give them instructions on where to place it. For example, you might say, “Place your toy on/under/behind the bed.”
We love this game because it focuses on the movement of one object and may make it easier for children to grasp what the words on, under, and behind actually mean.
Even better, you can turn this into a fun game by seeing how quickly your child can move their toy around to different spots in the house!
Fun With Prepositions For Kids
From our list above, we hope you’re clear on one thing: There are many ways to introduce prepositions for kids while making sure that they see them in a fun and engaging way.
Whether you choose to use some or all of the above-mentioned tips, remember to exercise patience with your child as they try to wrap their heads around prepositions and the rules that come with them.
With plenty of exposure during your daily life, you’ll soon find your child mastering these often complicated concepts.
Check out HOMER’s Learn & Grow app for more on how to help children thrive through their early years!
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Phrasal verbs in English
When learning English, many people experience difficulties in mastering phrasal verbs.
The fact is that they can quickly and unexpectedly change their values, and there are a lot of them. Phrasal verbs are especially common in spoken English. Let's take a look at this interesting topic.
Phrasal verb table in English
| Phrasal verb | Translation |
|---|---|
| add up to | add up to |
| ask around | ask around (various people) |
| ask out | call on a date |
| back up | support, protect |
| blow up | explode |
| break down | break down |
| break into | break in |
| break out | escape |
| break out in | to cover (of the skin, e. g. with pimples, rashes) |
| break up | break up |
| bring down | upset |
| bring in | bring, bring |
| bring up | raise the topic |
| call around | call |
| call back | call back |
| call off | cancel |
| call on | call |
| call up | call |
| calm down | calm down |
| catch on | settle down |
| catch up | catch up with |
| check in | check in for a flight or hotel |
| check out | check |
| cheer up | cheer |
| chip in | help |
| clean up | clean up |
| come across | stumble, find by chance |
| come apart | fall apart |
| come around | change mind |
| come between | stand between someone |
| come down on | scold, scold |
| come down with | get sick |
| come forward | speak |
| come from | occur |
| come out | exit, appear |
| come out of | be the result of something |
| come up | emerge, become the subject of conversation |
| come up with | invent |
| count on | rely on something/someone |
| cross out | cross out |
| cut back on | reduce consumption |
| cut down | cut down |
| cut in | interfere |
| cut off | cut off |
| cut out | cut |
| dive into | dive |
| do away with | throw away |
| do up | close, fasten |
| dress up | dress well |
| drop back | retreat, retreat |
| drop by | visit |
| drop off | take, give a ride |
| drop out | drop out of school |
| eat out | eat in restaurant |
| end up | come to a decision or action |
| fall apart | fall apart |
| fall down | fall |
| fall out | fall out |
| figure out | understand, find out |
| fill in | fill in |
| fill up | fill |
| find out | find out, find out |
| get across | convey |
| get ahead | advance |
| get along with | get along |
| get around | bypass, bypass |
| get around to | finally do something |
| get at | reach out |
| get away | leave, run away |
| get away with | escape punishment |
| get back | return |
| get back at | revenge |
| get back into | return |
| get by | survive |
| get down | upset |
| get down to | start, start |
| get in on | join |
| get into | go into details |
| get on | get into a vehicle |
| get on with | get along, make friends |
| get out of | benefit |
| get over | overcome |
| get rid of | get rid of |
| get through | survive, overcome |
| get to | annoy |
| get together | assemble |
| get up | get up, get up |
| give away | give, donate |
| give back | give, return |
| give in | surrender |
| give out | distribute |
| give up | give up, stop |
| go after | to follow, follow someone |
| go against | resist |
| go ahead | move forward |
| go along with | agree |
| go around | bypass |
| go back | return |
| go for | strive |
| go on | continue |
| go on | continue |
| go out | leave the house |
| go out with | go on a date |
| go over | check, revise |
| go without | continue without anything |
| grow apart | move away from each other |
| grow back | grow up again |
| grow into | grow up to something |
| grow out of | grow out of something |
| grow up | grow up |
| hand down | pass on by inheritance |
| hand in | send |
| hand out | distribute |
| hand over | hand over, hand over |
| hang in | hold on |
| hang on | wait |
| hang out | hang out |
| hang up | hang up |
| heal up | heal |
| hold back | interfere, restrain |
| hold on | wait |
| hold onto | hold tight |
| hold up | hold on, hold on |
| keep from | hide |
| keep out | do not let |
| keep up | continue |
| leave out | miss, miss |
| let down | disappoint |
| let go of | let go |
| let in | let in |
| let know | tell, inform |
| log in | login to account |
| log out | log out of account |
| look after | take care, look after |
| look down on | look down on |
| look for | look for |
| look forward to | look forward to, look forward to |
| look into | explore |
| look out | beware |
| look out for | to beware of certain things |
| look over | check |
| look up | seek information |
| look up to | respect, lead by example |
| make out | understand |
| make up | invent, lie |
| make up for | compensate, make amends |
| mix up | mix up |
| pass away | die |
| pass out | lose consciousness |
| pass up | refuse |
| pay back | repay debt |
| pay for | pay off, be punished |
| pick out | choose |
| pick up | pick up, give a ride |
| point out | indicate |
| pull up | pull up |
| put down | put, put |
| put off | postpone |
| put on | put on |
| put out | put out |
| put together | assemble |
| put up with | endure, put up with something |
| run away | escape |
| run into | accidentally meet |
| run out of | exhaust |
| run over | run over someone or something |
| see to | follow something |
| send back | send back |
| set up | install, organize |
| shop around | go shopping looking for |
| show off | show off, show off |
| shut off | turn off |
| sleep over | spend the night with someone |
| sort out | deal with the problem |
| stand up | get up |
| stick to | stick to, keep doing something |
| switch off | turn off |
| switch on | enable |
| take after | look like a relative |
| take apart | take apart |
| take back | return |
| take off | take off, quickly leave |
| take out | take out |
| tear up | break |
| think back | remember |
| think over | ponder |
| throw away | throw away |
| try on | try on |
| try out | test, try |
| turn down | reject |
| turn into | turn into |
| turn off | turn off |
| turn on | enable |
| turn up | increase (volume, speed, strength, etc. ) |
| use up | spend, spend |
| wait on | serve |
| wake up | wake up |
| warm up | warm |
| wear off | wear out, wear out |
| work out | exercise, play sports |
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Types of phrasal verbs
Phrasal verbs are an almost countless group of verbs that, in combination with various prepositions or short adverbs, can take on a variety of new meanings. In a strict sense, there are three types of phrasal verbs:
Directly phrasal verbs (phrasal verbs), formed with the help of adverbs:
- give up - give up, stop
- find out - find out, find out
- take off - take off, quickly leave
Prepositional verbs:
- go on continue
- look after - take care, look after
- come across - stumble, randomly find
Phrasal-prepositional verbs containing both an adverb and a preposition:
- put up with - endure, put up with something
- come up with - come up with
- look up to - respect, take an example
When learning English, many have difficulty mastering phrasal verbs
The history of phrasal verbs
The origin of phrasal verbs can be traced back to the earliest Old English written sources.
Adverbs and prepositions in them were used in a very literal sense and denoted, basically, the direction, place or orientation of an object in space. For example:
The man walked out . - The man came out. ( direction )
The man stood by . — A man was standing nearby. ( place )
The man held his hand up . — The man raised his hand. ( orientation )
In addition, both adverbs and prepositions indicated the relationship between the verb and the object in the sentence:
The woman stood by the house. — The woman was standing near the house. ( place )
The thief climbed out the window. — The thief got out of the window. ( direction )
He hung the coat over the fire. — He hung the cloak over the fire. ( orientation in space )
The number of combinations of verbs with adverbs and prepositions has accumulated over the centuries.
Their meanings sometimes changed beyond recognition. To illustrate the development of meanings, consider below the nuances that the adverb "out" has acquired over several centuries.
OUT: the adventures of one dialect
In the 9th century, it had only a literal meaning - "outward movement", for example, walk out (get out) and ride out (leave). Around the 14th century, the meaning of "spew sound" was added, for example, cry out (shout out) and call out (call, appeal). In the 15th century, the meaning of "cease to exist" appeared - die out (die out) and burn out (burn out, burn out).
By the 16th century, the meaning of "distribute equally" appeared, for example, pass out (distribute) and parcel out (send out). A to 19the value “free from contents” was added to the century, for example, clean out (clean out) and rinse out (wash). In addition, in modern colloquial English, the verb pass out means "to pass out, to lose consciousness.
"
As you may have noticed, most of the verbs in the above example are translated by the Russian verb with a prefix - in this case, these are the prefixes "vy-" and "raz-", which, like "out", have the main meaning of moving out.
Connecting intuition
How in Russian the prefix serves as a powerful tool for the formation of various verbs from one root ( walk, you walk, with walk, with walk, with walk , etc.), so in English the same role is played by prepositions and adverbs.
The meanings of some phrasal verbs are intuitive, as they are easily deduced from their constituent elements: come back - return, go away - leave, stand up - get up and so on. Others are idiomatic in nature, and their meanings just need to be remembered separately, for example: take after - take an example, be like someone.
In combination with various elements, the main verb can acquire a variety of meanings, at first glance, little related to each other in meaning. For example:
LOOK - Watch
LOOK FOR - Search
LOOK AFTER - Careful
LOOK UP to - Respect 9000 and genre, but still the main area of their use is colloquial speech. In official business and scientific style, it is more common to use verbs of French, Latin or Greek origin. This is not a strict rule, but a steady trend and has a long history.
Phrasal verbs arose naturally in the English language, however, an event occurred that caused the language to develop in two parallel ways. That event was the Norman Conquest of England in 1066.
After William the Conqueror invaded the country and seized power, French began to predominate in the upper strata of society, and English was supplanted and became the language of the common people.
This situation continued for a century and a half, until in 1204 England was freed from French domination.
During this time, French became the language of educated people, and it was from it that writers borrowed new words to make up for the impoverished vocabulary of English. In addition, many scientists knew Latin and ancient Greek, so they turned to these languages, drawing from them terms for new areas of knowledge.
The English language began to abound in foreign words, which, along with native ones, expressed the nuances of the same concept. For example, the meaning of the word foretell (to predict) can be expressed by the Latin word predict or the Greek word prophesy. As a result, while native phrasal verbs naturally developed in folk speech, loanwords expanded the scientific and literary vocabulary.
The English language continues to develop today along these two parallel paths. Therefore, hundreds of English phrasal verbs have French, Latin or Greek synonyms that have a similar meaning but more "scientific" sound.
Here are just a few of these synonyms:
| blow up | explode | blow up | find out | ascertain | clarify, find out |
| give up | surrender | surrender | go agoinst | opposite | object, oppose |
| hand in | submit | submit (documents) | leave out | omit | miss (not notice) |
| look forward to | anticipate | expect, anticipate | look up to | admire, respect | admire, respect |
| make up | fabricate | invent | point out | indicate | show |
| pull out | extract | pull out, pull out | put off | postpone | postpone (for later) |
| put out | extinguish | extinguish (fire) | puttogether | assemble, compose | collect |
| speed up | accelerate | accelerate | stand up for | defender | protect |
Features of English phrasal verbs
Separability of phrasal verbs
Most phrasal verbs are inseparable, that is, a preposition or an adverb immediately follows the main part.
You can say:
"She looks after her sister", but not "She looks her sister after ".
However, there are many verbs that can be separated. The phrases "He took off his coat" ("He took off his coat") and "He took his coat off " are equally true.
To figure out which verbs can be divided and which cannot, we need to remember two classifications. First, as we said at the beginning of the article, phrasal verbs form three subcategories: prepositional verbs, phrasal verbs, and prepositional phrasal verbs. Secondly, any verb can be transitive (have a direct object) or intransitive (have no object).
Prepositional verbs have the form
verb + preposition The preposition is always followed by an object (noun or pronoun), so all prepositional verbs have a direct object.
He is looking for his glasses. — He is looking for his glasses.
Prepositional verbs cannot be divided, that is, we cannot put an object between its parts. You can't say "He is looking his glasses for ".
Phrasal verbs have the form
verb + adverbShort adverbs are not always easy to distinguish from prepositions. Say, in the sentence "You can count on them" ("You can count on them"), on is a preposition, and in the sentence "You can go on " ("You can continue") it is an adverb. The grammatical difference is that an adverb does not always require an addition. Thus, phrasal verbs can be both transitive and intransitive. For example:
give up - give up (intransitive verb)
They failed many times, but never gave up.
- They were wrong many times, but they never gave up.
put off put off (transitive verb)
We had to put off the meeting. “We had to postpone the meeting.
Intransitive phrasal verbs are, by definition, inseparable, since they do not have an object at all. Many transitive verbs are separable.
If the verb is separable, then the object can be either after it or between its parts:
"They turned down his offer" is equivalent to "They turned his offer down ".
With regard to separable verbs, there is one more rule: if the object is expressed in an extended turn, it is placed after the verb. If the object is expressed by a pronoun, it is placed between its two parts. Compare:
- "She took off her expensive white coat" and "She took it off "(" She took it off).
Phrasal-prepositional verbs have the form
verb + adverb + prepositionSince these verbs end with a preposition, they are always followed by a direct object. Like prepositional verbs, they are inseparable.
As you can see, there are a lot of phrasal verbs in the English language, and this topic is not an easy one. It is more efficient to keep a separate list of such verbs with synonyms: this way it will be easier for you to remember them.
Check if you know the words on the topic
Read about phrasal verbs in our articles:
Phrasal verbs: WORK and his crew
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Features of assimilation of prepositional constructions in children with general speech underdevelopment.
| Article on speech therapy (senior group) on the topic: Features of assimilation of prepositional constructions in children with general underdevelopment of speech.
Children with a speech therapy conclusion: OHP of the III level of speech development are characterized by the presence of extended phrasal speech with elements of lexico-grammatical and phonetic-phonemic underdevelopment. Although children use extended phrasal speech, they experience greater difficulties in independently compiling sentences than their normally speaking peers. The transition to the practical assimilation of more complex morphological patterns dictates the need to include exercises with prepositional constructions in speech therapy classes. Since prepositional constructions are associated with the main forms of indirect cases, it is recommended that acquaintance with prepositions be carried out on the material of phrases and simple phrases. In the older group, children are taught:
- understand the meaning of prepositions: in, on, under, to, from, by, around, behind;
- correctly use prepositions with nouns and adjectives in speech;
- differentiate prepositions: on - in, on - under, to - from;
- make sentences with prepositions to demonstrate actions, according to plot pictures, according to the preposition scheme and suggested words.
Special attention should be paid to prepositions denoting spatial relationships. Considering the relative position in space of objects or their images, as well as observing or performing actions with objects, children learn to distinguish between the mutual placement of objects and designate these relationships with appropriate words. In most cases, a violation of the understanding and use of prepositional constructions is manifested not only in the incorrect use of case endings. In this regard, work is carried out both on mastering the meaning of prepositions, and on the correct design of inflections in prepositional constructions. Each preposition is first worked out separately from other prepositions. Work on the preposition is carried out in two directions: clarifying its specific meaning and working on the case form of the noun with which it is used. The meaning of the preposition is specified using a graphic scheme. After the isolated development of individual prepositions, several prepositions are differentiated.
When working with prepositions, the following case forms are used:
- genitive case with the preposition from, denoting directions of action. For example: the bear ran away from the hunter.
- dative case with preposition po (meaning location), with preposition k (meaning direction of action). For example: a skier is rolling down the track; the bear cub approached the bear;
- prepositional case with prepositions v, on, behind, under (meaning location). For example: a squirrel hid in a hollow; the bear rides on a sled; The Snow Maiden hid behind a Christmas tree; The hare hid under a bush.
Prepositional case constructions designate both the location of an object, the place of action, part of the space within which the action is performed, and its direction. The same preposition used in different prepositional-case constructions has different meanings. In most cases, a violation of the understanding and use of prepositional constructions is manifested not only in the incorrect use of prepositions, but also in the violation of reliable endings.
