Words with short a sound list

FIFTONGI

-INSTOM

Sound	Proceedings0173 Exception words
/aɪ/	"Ai" Position of the lips as when pronouncing the sound /ʌ/, but the lips are slightly more tense. After the first sound, immediately the tongue moves up to pronounce the sound /ɪ/. The second element of the diphthong is pronounced with less intensity.	i in an open syllable in words with mute ending e wr i te, f i ve, d i e, d0006 P I NT EYEE EI EI Theer, N EI B 9000 UY , 9000 UY UY 9000 UY 9000 UY 9000 UY 9000 9000 9000 6, G UY UM /eɪ/	"Hey" The position of the lips as when pronouncing the sound /e/. After the first sound, immediately the tongue moves up to pronounce the sound /ɪ/. The second element of the diphthong is pronounced with less intensity.	a in open syllable R A DIO, F A VOORITE In words with the final dumb E PL A TE, P A 9000 GE 9000 AI P AI 9000 AI 9000 N, SP AI N, R AI N, P AI D AY D AY , AW AY	GR 9000 EA T, BR 9000 T, BR 9000 T, BR k ei EI GHT, V EI L EY Th EY , GR EY
/ ɔɪ / ɔɪ/	"OI" The first sound is pronounced a little more, the first sound is pronounced. sound /ɒ/. After the first sound, immediately the tongue moves up to pronounce the sound /ɪ/. The second element of the diphthong is pronounced with less intensity.	oi b oi l, sp oi l oy 6 T OY , ENJ OY
/ ɛə /	"EA" Pringes the vowel [e] in a word , after the pronunciation of the weak ə] with a hint of sound [ʌ]. The second element of the diphthong is pronounced with less intensity. air are c ARE , SP ARE	EAR P EAR , T EAR (tear) ERE ERE , Th ERE 9000 9000 9000 9000 9000 9000 9000 9000 9000 9000 9000 9000 9000 9000 9000 9000 9000 9000 9000 9000 th eir
/ɪə/	“Ia” Position of the lips as when pronouncing the sound /ɪ/, and then finish with a weak [ə] with a hint of the sound [ʌ]. The second element of the diphthong is pronounced with less intensity.	eer b eer , d eer ere h ere ear d ear	ier f ier CE EIR W EIR D EA ID , EA L
3 /əʊ ɔ/, then round the lips a little more and move on to /ʊ/. The second element of the diphthong is pronounced with less intensity.	O at the end of the words S O , Mexic O , AG O In words with the final dumb E ST O NE, h O ME, t, t. O E OA B OA T, C OA ST	Before LD C O LD 9000 ow L OW sometimes OU SH OU LDER
/Aʊ /	most ow n ow , br ow n, h ow , t ow EL Most OU H OU SE, OU T, GR OU ND
/ ʊə /	"POTITION OF GABLS AM POPERATION OF THE POPERATION OF THE POPERATION OF THE POPERATION OF THE POPPITION OF THE POPPIRE OF THE POPPIRE OF THAT ʊ/, but the lips are a little more tense, and then we end with a weak [ə] with a hint of the sound [ʌ]. The second element of the diphthong is pronounced with less intensity.	u in open syllable d u ring, j u ry, sec S O, S EE, S IDE at the ends - after a deaf consonant S , Writ ES 9000 9000 SS 9000 9000 9000 CRO 9000 SS 9000 SS 9000 SS 9000 SS FU SS Y (with the exception of Scissors, Possess ) S + consonant LA S T, S CI 9000 C 9000 C 9000 C 000 ENTRE sc Ivent, C YCLE, JUI C Y	Sometimes S at the end of the words BU S SE MOU SE , CEA SE in the middle of words (between vowels) ba s ic
/ʃ/	"Sh" The sound is similar to Russian Sh, but a little softer	sh sh op, wi SH at the ends with TI- and CI - EDUCA Ti ON, Ini Ti MUSI CI CI 9000 OUS	9000 CH in words origin ma CH in, CH Ampagne, Ni CH E S In S URANCE, S 9000 URE
2
/ TAR / TA The sound is similar to Russian Ch, but a little softer.	Ch- Most of the words CH In, Ri CH TCH MA TCH , KI TCH 9000 EN TU- in Suffixes 9000 TU Re, Na TU Re, Pic TU Re, Tempera TU Re
/ ʒ /	"F" Sound is similar to Russian, but much softer. The middle part is raised up, the tip is slightly raised. Compared to Russian, Zh is pronounced in the middle (and not in the front) part of the mouth.	Before the ends of C -U or -I PLEA SU Re, U SU Al, VI SI	-GE (in words of French) BEI 9000 GE 6 , gara ge
/dʒ/	J Pronounced like /tʃ/, but louder. When pronouncing /d/, the tip of the tongue is raised up and pressed against the alveoli (tubercles at the base of the upper teeth), then the tongue is transferred to the middle part of the mouth and soft /ʒ/ is pronounced	J J AM, J GE, GI, GY Mana GE , A G ENT, G YM, IMA G ANE, ANE, ANE, ANE, ANE, ANE, ANE, ANE G In G ER (with the exception of GET, Give ) -DGE Ju DG	9
/ J / J / J / J / J / J / J / J / J / J / J / J / J / J / J / J / J / J / J / J / J / J / J / J / J / J / J / J / J / J / J / Y, but with a smaller raising of the tip of the tongue up. The edges of the back of the tongue are pressed against the upper teeth. The sound comes out through the middle of the tongue.	Y at the beginning of the words Y Ellow, Y OU U sometimes at the beginning of words U NIVERSITY, U Se	9000 9000 after agreed E Autiful, D EW , F EW , Arg U E, QU E UE, M U SIC, N EW , P U Re re, T U NE at the beginning of words E Urope, E Uropean
/ Z /	"Z" Sound is similar to the Russian Z	Z Z OO Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z. In the middle of the words MU S IC, PLEA S ANT S, sometimes at the end of the words WA S , HA S at the ends - after the consonant or glasnaya 9,000 DOG S , Add S , Listen S
/ H /	"X" (much weaker compared to Russian) is pronounced on exhalation. Unlike Russian, no bow is made at the back of the mouth. The tongue does not participate in the formation of this sound, but takes a position for the next vowel.	h h ot, h and who0006 o, wh om, wh ole Feeling a bit like spitting.	P P EN, P Ull, Ta P
/ B /	"B" Sound is similar b all, b ottle, ri b
/t/	"T" round and noisy.	T T ABLE, T IME
/ D /	"D" Sound is similar to Russian T, but when it pronounces the end of the tongue ( base of the upper teeth), and the sound is more rounded and noisy.	D D Rone, D Ull, MU D
"K" 9,0005 K. K , AN K LE CK LO CK , SO CK C (except CE, CI, CI) 9000 LUE, C LONE, LONE, c ould
/ g /	“G” is similar to the Russian G	G at the end of the words MU G G , An 9000 G LE In the middle and -Gue at the end of the words LEA GU , Pro GU E, LAN GU Age
/ L /	"LAS" Sound is pronounced during the ON tongue on the alveoli and with a slightly elevated posterior palate. Pronounced something between L and L. The lateral edges of the tongue are lowered, forming a passage for the air stream.	L, LL L AMP, L IST, A L IVE, BEL L Y 6
/ R /	3 "RA from Russian. The tongue lies flat, and then the tip of the tongue rises, folding into a kind of "roll", while not touching anything in the mouth. It is important that in English the tongue does not form a barrier to the movement of air and does NOT vibrate.	r, rr R EAD, R AW, CO RR ECT WR at the beginning of WR ONG, WR ITE
M, MM M AY, Re M E M BER, SU MM
/ N /	N" The sound is similar to Russian N.	N N AME, PAI N KN at the beginning of the words KN EE, KN IGHHT	9	ng si ng , pi ng 0176
/f/	"F" The sound is similar to the Russian F. The lower lip is slightly pressed against the lower teeth.	F STU FF , SA F E, F An PH PH ONE, PH 9000 YSICSS
/v/	"V" The sound is similar to the Russian V. The lower lip is slightly pressed against the lower teeth.	V V Ery, Pro V E
/ W /	something between B. A sharp opening without touching the teeth) and release the air. The lips immediately move into position to pronounce the next vowel.	w W AR, W ANT, W In WH- (except WHO) AT, WH EN, WH 9000 Y	9	/ð/	Voiced interdental sound. Something between B and Z. We put the tip of the tongue between the teeth and pronounce V. The tongue is flattened and not tense. The tip does not need to be pushed far forward. We make sure that the tongue does not go back and does not rest against the lower teeth, as this can lead to whistling. We remove the tip of the tongue inward when pronouncing the next vowel.	Th between vowels BREA Th E, BA Th E, Bro Th ER	At the beginning of some words 9000 9000 9000 $ 9000 OUG th is th Something between B and Z. We put the tip of the tongue between the teeth and pronounce F. At the same time, the tongue is flattened and not tense. The tip does not need to be pushed far forward. We make sure that the tongue does not go back and does not rest against the lower teeth, as this can lead to whistling. We remove the tip of the tongue inward when pronouncing the next vowel.	at the end of the majority words My Th , PA Th , Wor Th , Heal at the beginning of some words 9000 EME, TH RAU, 9000 RAU th umb, th ing

We invite you to our Telegram channel: short lessons on the most important conversational phrases with examples and exercises. Learn English with pleasure. Subscribe >>

Problem sounds

We have relatively few problems pronouncing English sounds compared to speakers from other language families. However, there are a number of sounds that we need to pay special attention to.

Sounds	possible errors	Words
	The tongue is strained and begins to vibrate. It sounds harsh and closer to Russian than to English.
/w/	The upper lip touches the lower teeth and the opening of the lips is not fast enough. The sound comes out like /v/ or is even replaced by /v/.	can be confused: W ET - V ET W INE - V In W V EST
/ upper sky, and the sound is replaced by /n/. In the popular letter combination NG, an unnecessary /g/ is pronounced.	Si NG , Ri NG , Ki NG Sleepi NG , MAKI NG
9000 / ð / / θ /	Can be confused: th ink - s Ink Th ANK - S Ank BO Th - BO SS ICK - S ICK 9000 ING Difficult words: Th REE, Th ROW, Th Rive, Th RouchH, CLO Th ES
9000 with vibration of the rear palate.

Useful online resources

• BBC Learning English video series on pronunciation of sounds in a British accent.
• Sounds by contrast in pairs - English club material
• Perfect Pronunciation cycle from the famous dictionary Merriam Webster. Practice the sounds of the American accent.
• Youtube channel Rachel’s English is also a great resource for learning American English pronunciation (for advanced students)
• Sounds American is another Youtube channel with explanations and exercises for practicing the American accent.
• Learning to pronounce English sounds from an Australian teacher - mmmEnglish .
• Thevoicecafe is an English accent training school. Online exercises, mobile app, Skype lessons.

We invite you to our Telegram channel: short lessons on the most important conversational phrases with examples and exercises. Learn English with pleasure. Subscribe >>

Recommended dictionaries with audio support

Collins English Dictionary is the most up-to-date dictionary for English learners. All possible pronunciations of words are indicated; for many words, videos have been recorded showing how to pronounce these words correctly. The frequency of the word is indicated - how often it is used in colloquial speech - and its most popular combinations.

Oxford Learner's Dictionary (British and American) is an invaluable resource for English learners. Dictionary English-English, however, the description of the term is specially simplified for non-native speakers. The words can be heard in British and American pronunciation. There are voiced lists of words (also in two accents) on all possible topics.

Forvo is a large database of words spoken by native speakers in all possible languages ​​and accents. There is a voiced guide to travel phrases (you need to select Russian in the list of languages).

ABBYY Lingvo Live is a Russian resource in collaboration with Collins Dictionary. Two parallel pronunciations are indicated in British and American accents.

The best textbooks for learning English pronunciation

table, transcription and pronunciation, reading

The sounds that English letters represent are the 44 English phonemes, which fall into two categories: consonants and vowels. Since sounds cannot be written down, graphemes (letters or combinations of letters) are used to convey sounds in writing.

English alphabet

There are 26 letters in English. The standard English alphabet starts with a and ends with z.

When classifying alphabetic characters, they distinguish:

• 5 pure vowels: a, e, i, o, u;
• 19 pure consonants: b, c, d, f, g, h, j, k, l, m, n, p, q, r, s, t, v, x, z;
• 2 semivowels: y, w.

Learning the English alphabet requires knowledge of both the symbol representing each letter and the phonetic sounds associated with that letter. Learning English phonetics is difficult. Only a small number of letters have no exceptions in the main sound.

In most cases, each letter has several phonemes. The letter B sometimes sounds like bat (bet) or does not sound, for example, in the words crumb (krum), dumb (dam). The letter C sounds like "k" for cat (ket) or "c" for ceiling (si:ling), or "tch" for church (tche:tch). And the list of exceptions is endless.

Vowels

Vowels represent the main category of phonemes in English speech. There are 20 vowels in spoken English. This discrepancy (in relation to literal characters) underlies the complexity of writing in English.

Additional vowels are used for short and long vowels. For sounds a and e - when the vowel accompanies the sound r. For o, the options are varied.

ARVE Error: Mode: lazyload not available (ARVE Pro not active?), switching to normal mode
ARVE Error: src mismatch
provider: youtube
url: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CsD_pOrq0t8
src in org: https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/CsD_pOrq0t8?wmode=transparent&rel=0&feature=oembed
src in mod: https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/CsD_pOrq0t8?wmode=transparent&rel=0
src gen org: https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/CsD_pOrq0t8

Consonants

Alphabetical order

Transcription and stress

Phonetic transcriptions tell about the pronunciation of words. In English dictionaries, this is a necessary condition, since the spelling does not say how the word is pronounced.

Phonetic transcriptions are written in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), in which each English sound is assigned its own symbol. For example, the IPA-based phonetic transcription of the word home is /hoʊm/, the transcription of come is /kʌm/, despite the fact that the spelling of the words is similar (both end in –ome), but are transcribed with differences.

The rules do not fully cover aspects of stress in English words. The language is characterized by the presence of exceptions, and the English themselves make mistakes, especially in polysyllabic words.

But obviously some basic rules still apply:

1. In 80% of two-syllable nouns and adjectives, the stress falls on the first syllable: PURple, PREsent, CARton, TABle, CLEver, CHIna.
2. In most verbs and two-syllable prepositions, the stress falls on the second syllable: reLAX, beCIN, deCIde, betWEen.
3. The English language has many two-syllable words of the same spelling that will refer to nouns or verbs depending on whether the stress falls on the first or second syllable. For example, PREsent as a noun, but if the second syllable of preSENT is emphasized, it becomes a verb, or OBject and obJECT.
4. The stress falls on the syllable before the suffix if the "ending" begins with the letters i or u: -ion, -ual, -uous, -ial, -ient, -ious, -ior, -ic, -ity, and so on . Examples: sufFICient, explaNAtion, residual, geoGRAPhic. The exceptions are -ist, -ism, -ize, and -ing.
5. Other suffixes do not affect word stress: -al, -ous, -ly, -er, -ed, -ist, -ing, -ism, etc. The stress falls on the first syllable. ORderly, Silently
6. Words ending in consonants or y are stressed on the first syllable: RARity, OPtimal.

Prefixes in two-syllable words are not stressed except in certain nouns or adjectives. Two-syllable nouns beginning with a prefix are studied individually.

English consonants

There are fewer consonants in the English alphabet than there are consonants. Therefore, digraphs like "ch", "sh", "th" and "zh" are used to expand the alphabet, and some letters and digraphs represent more than just one consonant. For example, the sound written "th" in this is transcribed as /ð/, and "th" in thin is /θ/.

English consonants are classified by their combination of functions:

1. Method of articulation (how air leaves the vocal tract).
2. Place of formation (which authorities are involved).
3. Phonation (how vocal chords vibrate).
4. Voicing start time (time of sounds formation), aspiration is part of the function.
5. Airflow mechanism (how air moves through the vocal tract).
6. The length of (how long a consonant is blocked) is a feature of the English language, such as wholly /hoʊlli/ and holy /hoʊli/.
7. Articulation power.

In addition, there is a function "mute alveolar stop" , /t/ when the airflow mechanism is lowered.

According to the method of formation, consonants are divided into:

1. Proximants: j, w, r.
2. Nine fricative consonants: f, v, θ, ð, s, z, ʃ,ʒ,h.
3. Lateral approximant: l.
4. Two affricative sounds: tʃ and dʒ.
5. Six plosives: p,b, t, d, k, g.
6. Nasal consonants: m, n, ŋ.

The sound - [x] - a voiceless fricative - is non-standard for the English language. Although in some original words, such as ugh (ugh!), Is an additional marker of irritation. In writing, the fricative is represented as "gh".

Are you tired of learning English for years?

Our readers recommend trying 5 free lessons of the ENGLISH TO AUTOMATIC course with Anastasia Bozhok.

Those who attend even 1 lesson learn more than in a few years! Surprised?

Get 5 free lessons here...

No homework. Without teeth. Without textbooks

From the course "ENGLISH TO AUTOMATIC" You:

• Learn how to write good sentences in English without grammar
• Learn the secret to a progressive approach that can reduce your English learning from 3 years to 15 weeks
• You will check your answers instantly + get a thorough analysis of each task
• Download dictionary in PDF and MP3 formats , learning tables and audio recording of all phrases

Get 5 free lessons here

Features of English consonants

A consonant combination is a set of two or three consonant letters that retain their original sound when pronounced. Such sets occur either at the beginning or at the end of a word. For example, the word brave, in which both "b" and "r" are pronounced, is the initial combination. In the word bank "-nk" is the final combination.

Classification:

1. Initial combinations are classified into sets with "l", "r", and "s". In "l", the combination ends with "l". An example would be the letters "bl" in the word blind. Similarly, the final sound in "r" in combination with "r" when "br" and "cr", for example, in the words bridge, crane. On the contrary, in "s" it starts with s, "st" and "sn" - stap, snail.
2. End combinations are grouped into sets with "s", "l" and "n": -st, -sk, -ld, -nd, -nk. Examples, first, desk, gold, sand, sink.

ARVE Error: Mode: lazyload not available (ARVE Pro not active?), switching to normal mode
ARVE Error: src mismatch
provider: youtube ?v=4BKtACTWlfo
src in org: https://www. youtube-nocookie.com/embed/4BKtACTWlfo?wmode=transparent&rel=0&feature=oembed
src in mod: https://www.youtube-nocookie.com/embed/4BKtACTWlfo?wmode=transparent&rel=0

Consonant digraphs refer to a set of consonants forming one sound. Some digraphs are both at the beginning and at the end of the word - "sh", "ch" and "th". There are also strict initial and final digraphs - "kn-" and "-ck".

Examples of digraphs:

Features of digraphs:

1. In some cases, consonants become unpronounceable: the letter b following m; k before m; b and p before t. Examples of words, dumb, know, debt, receipt. The letter l is often silent, for example, in the words walk, could, palm, psalm, but in words its presence changes the sound of the previous vowel.
2. If a double consonant appears in a word, it is pronounced as one sound - ball or summer
3. In English, /h/ occurs as a one-letter grapheme (either unpronounceable or representing a voiceless glottal fricative consonant). There is also a letter in different digraphs, ch, gh, ph, sh, wh. The letter is silent in the words: ah, ohm, dahlia, cheetah, pooh-poohed, hour, honest, vehicle, herb (in American English, but pronounced in British). The initial /h/ is expressed in some function words (had, has, have, he, her, him, his).

English Consonant Pronunciation Chart

b bag [bæg], band [bænd], cab [kæb] bag, band, cab d d dad [dæd], did [dɪd], lady [leɪdɪ], odd [ɒd] dead, did, lady, od f f, ph, sometimes gh fable [feɪbl], fact [fækt], if [ɪf], off [ɒf], photo [foutou], glyph [glɪf] fable, fact, if, oof, foutow, glyph g g give [gɪv], flag [flæg] giv, flag h h hold [hould], ham [hæm] held, ham j usually represented by y but sometimes by other vowels yellow [jeləʊ], yes [jes], young [jʌŋ], neuron [njʊərɒn], cube [kju:b] ielou, ies, yang, n(b) yueron, k(b) yu:b - the sound j is similar to the vowel sound i:. k k, c, q, que, ck, sometimes ch cat [kæt], kill [kil], queen [kwi:n], skin [skɪn], thick [θɪk], chaos [keiɒs] cat, kil, qui:n, sik, keyos l l lane [lein], clip [klɪp], bell [bel], milk [mɪlk], sould [səʊld] lane, clip, bel, milk, sould - has two sound options: pure /l/ before a vowel, “darkened” /ɫ/ before a consonant or at the end of a word m m man [mæn], them [ðem], moon [mu:n] man, zem, mu:n n n nest [nest], sun [sʌn] nest, san ŋ ng ring [rɪŋ], sing [sɪŋ], finger [fɪŋgə]

[ŋ] is sometimes followed by the sound [g]. [ŋ] if "ng" is at the end of a word or a related word (sing, singer, thing), to "-ing", which translates verbs into participles or gerunds. [ŋg], if "ng" is not at the end of a word or in related words, also in comparative degrees (longer [lɔŋgə], longest).